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There are a wide variety of hazards that create disasters and emergencies. These dangers may occur directly in the area of residence or may occur due to the impact of danger in another region. Both scenarios affect the individual's life to different extents. Making preparations to reduce the impact and severity of harm and damage caused by hazard-related risks is an important step for prevention activities. Within the scope of this paper, the perceptions of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies of faculty members working at universities in Istanbul were examined. Faculty members' perception of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies is of great importance for the general safety of educational institutions and society. This perception is essential to ensuring the safety of students, staff and other stakeholders. Faculty members' ability to recognize potential dangers and take appropriate precautions increases their ability to react quickly and effectively in times of crisis. In addition, this perception encourages faculty members to contribute to disaster and emergency plans. By being aware of individual security, assuming a stronger protective role for the institution, the perception of individual preparedness is a vital factor for the overall security of educational institutions and society. The findings were analyzed and the results were compared. According to the findings obtained from the study, it was determined that parameters such as age, marital status, working in the private sector, having an administrative position, receiving training on disaster and emergency situations, and being exposed to danger in the institution where one works, have an impact on individual perception in preparation for disasters and emergencies. It has been observed that these topics have an impact on raising awareness. The importance of faculty members' perceptions, awareness and individual readiness regarding preparedness for disasters and emergencies is emphasized in the study and suggestions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Türkiye experienced the biggest earthquake in its history on February 6, 2023; The earthquake, which affected 11 provinces, caused the death of more than fifty thousand of our people, the crippling or injury of hundreds of thousands of people, the financial loss of more than one hundred and four billion dollars, and the psychological and sociological destruction whose effects will not be erased for many years. However, the Republic of Türkiye has been struggling from the very first moment to overcome the disaster with the least damage and to heal the wounds as soon as possible by mobilizing all its means with the state and nation. Civil administrators, who are one of the leading actors in this struggle, have struggled in and outside the disaster area from the very first moment, especially with their disaster manager roles. In this study, the disaster management role of civil administrators, who are mostly known for their routine civil administration roles, but their roles in emergencies and play a critical role in solving public and social problems, will be discussed on the axis of the 6 February Earthquake. The aim of the study is to raise administrative and academic awareness by demonstrating the importance of civil administrators in terms of crisis management. In the study, literatüre and legislation scanning method will be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Türkiye is affected by various disasters due to its geographical location, steps are being taken for risk reduction policies on an urban scale against these disasters. The phenomenon of urbanization, which started with the Industrial Revolution, has come to include laws and regulations regarding disaster management over the years. The material and moral destruction caused by the 1999 Marmara earthquake and the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquake in Türkiye's history show the need to re-examine disaster management policies that have been going on for years. In this context, the main topic of the study is the analysis of the impact of the studies carried out for disasterresistant cities on the urbanization process over time. The study considers the period starting with the Proclamation of the Republic in 1923. It examines the laws and regulations put into effect until 2023, the disasters experienced, the damages they caused, and the work done after the disaster. The relationship between disaster and studies on disaster and their impact on the urbanization process has been analyzed under four main period headings. As a result of examining the effect of disaster management policies implemented in the last hundred years on the country, it is important to consider the long-term effects of future works within the scope of urbanization to revise the architectural perspective in building design towards disaster and to ensure that the control mechanism operates following the relevant regulations. It is also recommended that the laws that will be put into effect in the future should be sustainable and applicable and provide the potential to become a city resilient to possible disasters together with the relevant stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kayseri, the ninth biggest city in Turkey, the regions opened to the ongoing construction of residential areas are expanding rapidly parallel to population growth. Soil improvement works are carried out in areas with the poor bearing capacity of foundations and in regions that are not suitable for safe construction. This event causes severe economic losses in urban development. This study proposes a (Geographic Information System) GIS-based approach to comprehensively understand the research area's underground conditions, predetermine the zones opened for construction by considering the parameters affecting the foundation of the buildings, and create an informative geotechnical model with visualization technology. For an exemplary application, a database was created with ArcGIS in the Kayseri Oymaağaç location, and geological and geotechnical data were combined. The soil properties of this one million five hundred thousand square meter area opened for new settlement were analyzed in a GIS environment. The variation of SPT-N values measured in 60 boreholes in the field with depth, soil types, groundwater levels, and Vs data were used to combine the data, and related maps were drawn. Then, maps of the liquefaction of the soil in a possible earthquake and visual maps showing the bearing capacity of the foundations were created. This study will offer the best and most reliable land-use scenarios and in situ soil properties to decision-makers such as engineers, government agencies and disaster management. It will contribute to making accurate and fast decisions in urban planning. In addition, it will also be able to use as a tool for risk management in emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disasters are extraordinary facts that affect the lives of individuals, societies and cause loss of life and property. These events are defined as "natural facts that affect, disrupt the life of local communities, such as earthquakes, fire, flood, landslide, avalanche and rockfall". Turkey is a country that has experienced various disasters due to its geography and geology. Earthquakes have caused lots of damage. The first approach in comprehensive disaster management in Turkey is the Law No. 7269 dated 1959 on "Aids to be Made with Measures to be Taken Due to Disasters Affecting Public Life". In Turkey, five-yeared development plans (9th plan- 7- years) was implemented in a 55-year period (1963-2022) and the 11th Plan (2019-2023) is still being implemented. A limited information is given about the disasters from the first to the sixth plan. In Development Plans, the unplanned growth cities by going beyond the zoning law, the slums around them, the opening of fertile agricultural lands to industry and human settlements are important problems in terms of disasters. In order to reduce disaster damage, should be given importance to education and scientific research, coordination and cooperation between private, local governments, national, international and voluntary organizations should be ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, as a result of the policies applied in health and humanitarian needs, many integrated health campuses and city hospitals have started to be built in addition to normal hospitals. These health complexes, which have grown and developed both in terms of quantity and quality, have also brought up the question of whether the current regulations and plans on emergency management in the fight against fire are sufficient. The designs of health facilities and hospitals should be done in the safest and most efficient way possible, due to the sensitive and complex units and the profile of users with limited mobility. In the study, no comprehensive emergency management study was found in hospitals specific to fire. In order to fill this gap in the literature, it is aimed to determine the critical success factors related to emergency management in firefighting of hospitals and health institutions by conducting literature research and to weight them with the AHP method. As a result of the study, it was recommended to raise awareness of the need for a separate and special regulation for hospitals, and to plan according to the weights of critical success factors (CSF) in budget studies to be carried out for fire protection in hospitals. When the CSF weights obtained as a result of the AHP method were examined, it was seen that the two most important factors were the deficiencies in the regulations and the architectural design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to determine whether there is a significant difference according to demographic variables by determining the internal communication levels of the Emergency and Disaster Response personnel at the moment of the crisis. With the findings to be obtained, it is aimed to determine the communication problems of Emergency and Disaster Response personnel and to pave the way for more effective work. The main title of the research scale is "Internal Communication During Crisis" and it is divided into 4 subfactors: "Evaluation of Crisis Team Communication", "Evaluation of Crisis Individual Communication Activation", "Evaluation of Accessibility and Awareness of Communicative Crisis Management Plans" and "Evaluating the Functionality of Communicative Crisis Management Plans". The questionnaire includes 6 demographic questions or a total of 23 questions of the Internal Communication Scale of the Moment of Crisis. Frequency, percentage tables and Mann-Whitney U test were used in the study. The universe of the research is the employees working in the State Airports Administration, the Disaster and Emergency Presidency, the Regional Directorate of Forestry and the Fire Department (working in emergency and disaster response), working in Trabzon. A total of 103 personnel were reached and a questionnaire was conducted. The survey was conducted between 28.11.2020-15.12.2020. It has been found that team communication at the time of the crisis varies in terms of different factors and variables. In addition, when the results of the test conducted to determine whether the answers given to the questions differ according to demographic variables, it has been found that 2 questions in terms of gender, 1 question in terms of marital status, 2 questions in terms of seniority, 2 questions in terms of age, 13 questions in terms of the institution employed, and 6 questions according to the title variable differs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to present a comparative analysis of the results of Turkey's 2021 Inform (Risk Management Analysis) risk index and the results of Turkey's bordering countries. These countries are Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. The data analyzed in Inform Risk Index are hazard and exposure, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity. The data regarding exposure to natural and man-made hazards, socioeconomic vulnerability, and the risk of vulnerability in terms of vulnerable groups within the country under the relevant main titles were analyzed. In addition, the data regarding the lack of coping capacity of the countries in terms of institutions and infrastructure against hazards and harms were also analyzed. According to the Inform Risk Index, these countries were ranked as follows from highest to lowest risk: Syria, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Greece, and Bulgaria. The risk groups of these countries vary in different categories. It may be argued that the categories of bordering countries' risk index affect each other. It may also be argued that in the long run, the potential disasters in bordering countries may also pose a risk factor in various aspects in neighboring countries. In this sense, effective execution of long-term strategic risk management plans for efficient use of scarce resources may contribute to increasing the coping capacity of the countries with disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience was first defined in a dictionary published in 1618. Its use in urban planning literature by associating it with the definition in the 1973 publication of Crawford Stanley Holling, who is interested in the ecology. It was used with the concepts of disaster and risk in the 2000s. One of the main reasons why the concept has started to be used in disaster and risk studies is that disasters cause loss of life and property at local and global level. In this study, the historical development of disaster risks and resilience were mentioned. By doing secondary data and content analysis, national and international studies were examined. Three models, which are widely used in urban resilience studies, have been selected from 25 different resilience studies and methods conducted socially and spatially while dealing with disaster and disaster risks. These three models are; Baseline Resilience Indicators For Communities, Arup & Rockefeller Foundation Resilience City Index, and UNISDR The Disaster Resilience Scorecard For Cities. These selected models have been compared with each other since they differ in terms of the tools and methods used. It is thought that this study will contribute to the development of urban resilience models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Türkiye ölüm, yaralanma ve mal kaybına yol açan afetlerle sık sık karşılaşmıştır. Bu doğal tehlikeler arasında başta depremler olmak üzere, heyelanlar, su baskınları, kaya ve çığ düşmeleri, kuraklık önemli oranda zararlara yol açmıçtır. Afetlerin önlenmesi ve zararlarının azaltılması amacıyla bir afet olayının öncesi, sırası ve sonrasında yapılması gereken çalışmaların, planlanması, yönlendirilmesi, koordine edilmesi, desteklenmesi ve uygulanabilmesi için toplumun tüm kurum ve kuruluşlarıyla, kaynakların bu ortak hedefer doğrultusunda yönetilmesini gerekmektedir. Ayrıca afet zararlarının azaltılması ve afetlerin önlenmesi ancak çok disiplinli bir yaklaşımla uygulanacak afet risk yönetimi ile mümkün olabilir. Bir genel kolluk teşkilatlanması olan jandarma da afetlerde görev alan ve önemli rol ve işlevler üstlenen bir yapılanmadır. Bu bağlamda Türkiye Afet Planı (TAMP)'nda görev ve sorumlulukları bulunan koordinasyon birimlerinin rolleri açısından özellikle toplanma ve barınma süreçlerinde etkisi giderek öne çıkmaktadır.Bu çalışmada afet yönetiminin bir parçası olan Jandarma'nın Elazığ Depremi'nde icra ettiği faaliyetlerdeki çadır kurma birliklerinin etkinliği ile bu hususun kamudaki iletişim ve medya yansımalarına ilişkin olgular analiz edilmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering that the education infrastructure and beneficiaries are damaged by disasters and service continuity is not ensured, an effective disaster management scheme is needed for resilient education infrastructure.In this context, it is aimed to evaluate the perspectives of school administrators on disaster preparedness, roles and responsibilities. Within the scope of the study, face-to-face interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview forms with 26 participants working as school administrators in 10 different schools in the center of Gümüşhane province, which were determined by criterion sampling method. The data were collected in the 2019-2020 academic year fall-spring term. As a result of the analysis, the participants who stated that they do not have a role in disaster and emergency situations, revealed a very broad approach when they stated the roles they should have. It is recommended that experts who have completed their training in disaster management are included in the organizational structure, creating professional units, identifying hazards, preparing risk and crisis plans, supporting all phases of disaster management with legislation for units, and clarifying roles for disasters and emergencies. Education infrastructure resistance should be addressed by revealing all its dimensions and examining them in depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Turkey, which is one of the risky countries in terms of disasters, although the changes in the legislation, the systems established, the training campaigns carried out and the efforts to eliminate the security gap are continuous, the lack of a disaster preparedness created within the framework of its own value judgments in the society shows itself. In this context, the aim of the research is to create a structural model that reveals the relationship between the values, beliefs and attitudes that are assumed to affect disaster preparedness behaviors. The study included 800 people who were determined by using simple random sampling method from individuals aged 18 and over residing in the province of Izmir. As a data collection tool; A questionnaire consisting of 64 questions and 5 parts was used. The research questions were evaluated with a 5-point Likert scale. Within the scope of the research, SPSS 21.0 was used in exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, and AMOS 24.0 program was used in creating the measurement model, testing the structural equation model, determining the fit indices and determining the direct-indirect effects. The results of the study showed that disaster preparedness beliefs directly and positively affect disaster preparedness values, disaster preparedness attitudes and disaster preparedness behaviors; disaster preparedness values directly and indirectly affect disaster preparedness behaviors positively; showed that disaster preparedness attitudes do not directly or indirectly affect disaster preparedness behaviors in a positive way. Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to create and disseminate a disaster culture in the society by making radical changes in disaster preparedness behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the scope of the Provincial Level Disaster Risk Reduction Plan (IRAP) carried out by the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) in provinces with earthquake probability, the risk map of the cities has been started to be prepared. One of the priority titles of risk studies is determining the buffer zones of faults. The deformation and risk caused by the fault in the settlement area cause loss of area and value on the surface. In order to prevent loss of life and property during a possible earthquake, great importance to determine the buffer zone correctly. In this study, the engineering properties of the Pleistocene-Holocene clay deposits in the Van / Bardakçı region, which consists of old lake and stream sediments located in the east of Lake Van, and how the thrust fault cutting these sediments affects the soils properties was investigated. The characteristics of the soils were determined on the clay samples taken from both the hanging and foot walls by drillings along the Van Fault which caused the 23 October 2011 (Mw = 7.1) Van earthquake. In the field, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Menard Pressiometer Test (MPT) were performed. At the same time, disturbed and undisturbed (UD) soil samples were taken from the clay deposits and their physical and mechanical properties were determined in the laboratory. When the results were evaluated, it has been determined that the soil properties of the hanging wall show lower strength properties than the footwall in the zone near to the fault. In disaster risk evaluations, it was concluded that the buffer zone on the hanging wall should be wider than on the foot wall in thrust fault zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster operations management is carried out in a chaotic environment under uncertainty and time pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to use information and communication technologies in the decision making processes. In this study, a standalone decision support system is developed for temporary-disaster-response facilities allocation for relief supplies distribution as one of the important problems in disaster operations management. The decision support system consists of three main components as its database, decision engine and user interface. It is noted that the decision support system allows decision makers to allocate temporary-disaster-response facilities under many different disaster situations by utilizing a scenario-based approach. Thus, disaster operations managers are given the opportunity to create different scenarios and analyze the results that will help them make critical decisions before and during the disaster. In the scenario definition process, in addition to taking into account different values of affected population rate and planning period, some model configurations consisting of the combinations of various problem parameters are also defined. Although it is illustrated with a specific example case in this paper, the flexibility of the system allows its users to consider other cases with different scenarios. Due to the user-friendly interface of the decision support system, reports of the results obtained for various disaster scenarios are presented to the user in an understandable way. The proposed system might be a useful tool to help decision makers in allocating temporary-disaster-response facilities for relief supplies distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]