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The science of decision making is studied in many areas of science and engineering, for example within, computer science, automatic control theory, mathematics and neurophysiology. The aim of this text is to provide a very brief overview of some of the models and tools used within mathematical decision making. These models can be studied in terms of an agent that observes the world and takes decisions. The techniques that have been developed, e g optimal control, dual control, machine learning, reinforcement learning, have found numerous uses in many applications, where machines take decisions, but they are also an inspiration for the question of understanding biological decision making, and could potentially be important for understanding decision making in political science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sociological theory is a central part of the sociology discipline, and courses on sociological theory are found on all levels of university teaching in sociology at Swedish universities. However, while sociologists have successfully uncovered power structures in various domains of social life, we have been more reluctant to examine our own teaching practices. In particular, sociological theory has been pinpointed as an area where men's dominance often perseveres. This is in stark contrast to international research on exclusion and inclusion in processes of canon formation, which shows how there have always been important sociological theorists who have not been white men, but that they have been more or less written out of history. Drawing on such international research on inclusion and exclusion in the construction of sociological theory, as well as on norm-critical pedagogy, and on a mapping of the curriculum at one of Sweden's universities, this article identifies key aspects in the quest for a more inclusive curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]