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Background: SARS-CoV-2 disease is associated with a wide spectrum of cardiovascular, renal, and cognitive complications and effects. The most common cardiovascular findings are pericarditis, myocarditis and arrhythmias described in 5-11% of the general population. Specific information on cardiovascular outcomes in healthcare workers in Mexico is lacking. Objective: To determine the echocardiographic findings after SARS-CoV-2 infection in residents at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Material and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, and selective study was performed. A sample of 62 resident physicians with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was selected from March 2020 to February 2023. Transthoracic echocardiograms were performed, and the findings were described. Results: The main echocardiographic findings were: pericardial refractoriness (90.3%), pericardial effusion (6.5%), abnormal left ventricular mobility (1. 6%), abnormal diastolic function (8.1%), aortic regurgitation (6.5%), mitral regurgitation (19.4%), pulmonary regurgitation (35.5%), tricuspid regurgitation (80.6%), mean LVEF of 65% and PSAP of 23 mmHg. Conclusions: The most relevant echocardiographic findings were refractory pericardium, pericardial effusion, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and valvular insufficiency, predominantly in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the factors associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in adults residing in a region of the Andes in Peru. Method: A case-control study was conducted on adults living at an altitude of more than 3000 meters in Peru. Cases consisted of patients diagnosed with LVDD through echocardiography, whereas controls were adults without LVDD, as confirmed by echocardiography. Results: A total of 50 cases and 100 controls were included in the study. Among them, 38.7% had high blood pressure, and 41.3% were overweight. Upon adjusted analysis, age 60 or older (aOR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.29-12.8), female sex (aOR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.01-4.96) and left ventricular hypertrophy (aOR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.41-7.17) were identified as statistically significant factors associated with LVDD. Conclusions: The risk of LVDD is associated with older adults, female gender, and left ventricular hypertrophy among individuals residing above 3000 meters altitude in a region of the Andes, in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ebstein’s anomaly is a congenital defect characterized by a lack of delamination and apical displacement of the tricuspid valve, tricuspid insufficiency, right atrial enlargement, and ventricular dysfunction. To analyze the results and evolution of the different surgical strategies, data were collected from 45 patients operated on during 1990-2018. Twenty-six patients were included with a median age at initial surgery of 11.3 years (range: 13 days-18.6 years). Method: Procedures were plastic 10 patients (38%), cone technique reconstruction 11 (42%), and replacement 5 (19%). Additional interventions were required in 7 patients: cavo-pulmonary anastomosis 4 and Cox-maze 4. Nine patients (34.6%) required reoperation due to severe tricuspid insufficiency. Six had previous plastic, two bioprothesis, and one, cone. Results: Overall mortality was 11.5% (3) at a median of 10.1 years post-surgery (range: 5.7-10.12) associated with arrhythmias (p = 0.05), right (p = 0.008), left (p = 0.0001) ventricular dysfunction and reoperations (p = 0.03). None were previous conus. Median follow-up was 6.5 years (range: 1-29.1). Ninety-one-point-six percent were in functional class I/II and 79.2% in sinus rhythm. Conclusions: The results of the different classic techniques were similar, although not free of complications and reoperations. Cone reconstruction proved to be effective, with low surgical mortality, less need for reoperations, and durability in the medium term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective is to expose the cardiovascular alterations in patients diagnosed with pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) associated with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in order to understand the disease, its evolution, and optimal management upon diagnosis. Method: Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional analytical study of patients diagnosed with PIMS according to the criteria of the World Health Organization at the National Institute of Pediatrics, from March 2020 to December 2021. Results: During the study period, 77 patients with PIMS were diagnosed. The results showed correlation between the shock state and alteration of laboratory markers (platelets 144217.29 ± 139321.6 µL [p < 0.001], procalcitonin 27.37 ± 38.37 ng/ml [p = 0.05] and ferritin 1937.87 ± 2562.63 [p < 0.001]). The ventricular function in patients with shock was significantly lower compared to those without shock (49.6 ± 9.1% vs. 58.1 ± 8.4 %; t-Student p < 0.001), as well as injury to the left coronary artery (p = 0.02). There is a correlation between NT-proBNP and ventricular dysfunction (Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.007). Statistical significance was found in the association between death, elevation of inflammatory markers and ventricular dysfunction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The cardiovascular alterations observed, in order of frequency, were pericardial effusion (25.7%), myocarditis (15%), mild ventricular dysfunction (13.5%) and small coronary aneurysm with predominance of the left coronary artery and the anterior descending one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The disease caused by coronavirus (COVID-19) affects the cardiovascular system, whether by direct viral aggression or indirectly through systemic inflammation and multiple organ compromise. A widely used method to determine cardiac injury is troponin measurement. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of cardiac involvement (CINV) in a population recovered from COVID-19, referred to cardiac MRI (CMR), who did not present troponin elevation. Methods: There were 156 patients that recovered from COVID-19 and who did not present troponin elevation referred to CMR. CINV was considered to be the presence of: late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), edema, myocarditis, pericarditis, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and/or depressed right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVSD). Results: Prevalence of CINV was 28.8%, being more frequent in men (p = 0.002), in patients who required hospitalization (p = 0.04) and in those who experienced non-mild cases of infection (p = 0.007). RVSD (17.9%) and LVSD (13.4%) were the most frequent findings. The rate of myocarditis was 0.6%. LGE manifested in 7.1% of patients and its presence was related to less left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = 0.0001) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) (p = 0.04). Conclusion: In patients who recovered from COVID-19, 28.8% of CINV was found. It was more frequent in men, in patients who required admission and in patients with cases of non-mild infection. The patients that presented LGE had less LVEF and RVSF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological studies suggest that approximately half of the patients with heart failure (HF) have reduced ejection fraction, while the other half have normal ejection fraction (EF). Currently, international guidelines consider QRS duration greater than 130 ms, in the presence of ventricular dysfunction (EF < 35%), as a criterion for selecting patients for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). CRT helps restore intraventricular and auriculoventricular synchrony, improving left ventricular (LV) performance, reducing functional mitral regurgitation, and inducing reverse LV remodeling. This is evidenced by increased LV filling time and left ventricular ejection fraction, decreased LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, mitral regurgitation, and septal dyskinesia. Because the mechanisms of dyssynchrony may be heterogeneous, no single measure may accurately predict response to CRT. Finally, CRT has been progressively shown to be safe and feasible, improves functional status and quality of life, reversely remodels the LV, decreases the number of hospitalizations, total mortality in patients with refractory HF, LV dysfunction, and intraventricular conduction disorders; is a pacemaker-based therapy for HF and thanks to current technology, safe remote monitoring of almost all types of cardiac devices is possible and provides useful alerts in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tachycardiomyopathies due to their pathophysiology of loss of myocardial coupling, provide the adequate substrate for ventricular dysfunction that leads to lethal ventricular arrhythmias. The following is the case of a 75-year-old female patient, with no known history, who presented with symptoms of advanced heart failure and atrial fibrillation, who later developed non-sustained polimorphic ventricular tachycardia during her hospital stay for which it was necessary to perform resuscitation maneuvers with electrical cardioversion on two separate occasions and the restoration of sinus rhythm with drugs to improve left ventricular function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Among the different complications that arise in the immediate postoperative period, the low cardiac output presents higher associated morbidity and mortality, with an incidence of up to 45.0 %. Objective: To determine the factors related to the postoperative emergence of the low cardiac output in patients with cardiovascular surgical treatment and extracorporeal circulation, according to demographic, clinical and echocardiographic variables. Methods: An analytic, cases and controls investigation was carried out, which included patients that received heart surgical treatment in the Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Service of Saturnino Lora Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January to December, 2019. Each study group was conformed by 43 members, for which was considered the presence (cases) or not (controls) of the low cardiac output syndrome. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the patients under 65 years in both study groups (51.2 and 73.5 % for cases and controls, respectively), as well as themale sex (60.9 %); in a same way, the emergency surgical intervention was the most frequent (80.2 %). The atrial fibrillation and the systolic function of the right ventricle presented high statistical significance (p <0.05). Conclusions: Some clinical and echocardiographic elements (age, atrial fibrillation, systolic function of the left and right ventricles, as well as emergency surgical intervention) were associated in an independent way with the emergence of the low cardiac output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hemodynamic assessment by Doppler echocardiography is essential in identifying systolic/diastolic changes as a predictor of outcomes in post-liver transplantation, from cardiovascular changes to graft dysfunction and mortality. Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort study. Patient with a liver transplant at the LaCardio hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, between January 2005 and July 2021. Analysis of sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, echocardiography, and intraoperative variables with primary outcomes such as early graft dysfunction, acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality during follow-up. A classification and regression tree (CART) was performed. Results: 397 patients were analyzed; 54.4% were men, 71% had some degree of diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy (30.9%) with graft dysfunction in 8% and AKI in 21%, and a mortality of 15% during the study follow-up. In the CART model, mortality and graft dysfunction outcomes were related to a body mass index (BMI) < 19 or a combination of BMI between 19 and < 24 with dialysis. Conclusion: Echocardiographic variables, sarcopenia, AKI, or the requirement for renal replacement therapy are related to mortality and graft dysfunction outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To determine the association between left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rural Andean patients living at 3000 msnme. Material and methods: observational, cross-sectional analytical study. PH and LVDD were defined and evaluated according to the guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography 2016. To evaluate the association, the Poisson generalized linear model with robust estimation was used. A value of p < 0.05 is significantly estimated. Results: 528 people with echocardiographic reports were included, with a median age of 67 years (interquartile range: 19 and 98), 58.71% (310) were women. LVDD was found in 20.5% (108) of the cases. The frequency of PH was 29.5% (154), corresponding to a mild, moderate and severe degree in 76.0%; 14.3% and 9.7% respectively. Simple regression analysis reported that people with LVDD, obesity and E/e' ratio > 14 had a higher frequency of PH compared to those without LVDD. In the multiple regression, an association was found between LVDD (RPa= 0.17; 95% CI: 0.11-0.24; p = 0.000) and the E/e' index > 14 (RPa= 1.93; 95% CI: 1, 27-2.91, p = 0.002) in people with PH. Conclusions: LVDD and the E/e' index are frequently associated with idiopathic PH in Andean inhabitants of rural areas, suggesting that the presence of alterations in the relaxation and distensibility of the left ventricle is associated with PH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Acute leukemias are the most frequent malignancies in children. Advances in treatment have improved the overall survival to 80%. Almost 10% of children with cancer develop clinical cardiac toxicity. Total anthracycline cumulative dose is a risk factor for early-onset cardiotoxicity. Objective: To describe the incidence of early-onset cardiotoxicity in children with acute leukemia treated with chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective descriptive study of patients >1 y and <18 years diagnosed with acute leukemia. Assessed with electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and blood biomarkers at diagnosis and during the follow-up. Results: 94 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 18 with acute myeloid leukemia were included. 20 patients (17.9%) developed early-onset cardiotoxicity. Statistically significant data was seen after anthracycline dose >150 mg/m2, between the first echocardiographic evaluation and posterior analyses in the left ventricular fraction ejection with Teicholz p 0.05, Simpson p 0.018 and GLS p 0.004. In this study, there was no relation between blood biomarkers and cardiotoxicity. Conclusions: Cancer therapeutic-related cardiac dysfunction is related to anthracycline cumulative dose. In this study, echocardiographic follow-up was useful to predict risk factors for early cardiac dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an entity characterized by acute and transient ventricular dysfunction, which is usually related to a triggering event (emotional or physical stress), and usually presents with regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle, however up to 30% may be biventricular. Depending on its severity in some cases the disease can condition refractory cardiogenic shock to management with inotropics and vasopressors, so for these cases circulatory assistance devices should be considered. We present the case of a young patient who had pulmonary valve change with biological prosthesis, which seven weeks after surgery went to the emergency department with pericardial effusion and tamponade physiology secondary to postpericardiotomy syndrome. For this reason pericardial window was practiced, however during the procedure she presented biventricular Takotsubo cardiomyopathy which conditioned cardiogenic shock with severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, and refractivity to medical treatment as well as intraaortic balloon pump, requiring circulatory support with venoarterial ECMO for 5 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the frequency of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD ) in patients with electrical burn at the Pediatric Burn Unit (PBU) of the Health Services of the State of Puebla (HSSP) in the period from october 2013 to october 2014. Material and methods: A serie of eight patients from 6 to 16 years of age with electrical burns, in whom an echocardiogram was performed to identify the presence of LVD, according to the ejection fraction. Data were obtained from their clinical records, that were introduced in a database. Subsequently, Pearson's correlation analysis was performed with IBM SPSS. Results: From a sample of 8 patients, 37.5% had LVD. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of burned body surface and the presence of LVD : r = -0.93, p < 0.01. Conclusions: In patients with electrical injuries affecting more than 20% of the body surface, an intensive cardiac monitoring should be initiated in order to detect LVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The anthracyclines have been the cornerstone of various chemotherapeutic schemes for hematological malignancies and solid tumors however the cardiotoxicity produced is a limitation for use. Damage mechanisms ranging from inhibition of DNA replication, RNA transcription, generating free radicals which damage DNA and lipid peroxidation inhibition of topoisomerases. The cumulative dose is one of the major risk factors, among others such as age, presence of other cardiovascular diseases and concomitant use of other agents. Because the prognosis of patients, have sought diagnostics and prediction of cardiotoxicity such as biomarkers like a troponin I and BNP; and imaging studies such as echocardiography, MRI and nuclear medicine. Another point of interest in the issue are the preventive measures, as has been the use of pegylated forms, the use of dexrazoxane and use of ACE inhibitors and beta blockers, each one targeting to different pathophysiological mechanism. Efforts are directed to the nearby monitoring of patients with non-invasive imaging studies for early detection of patients, to establish those unable to continue therapy for high risk of developing left ventricular dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a transient a left ventricular dysfunction that may mimic an acute coronary syndrome. Characteristically, it presents with chest pain of acute onset, electrocardiographic alterations suggestive of myocardial ischemia, and transient akinesis of the apex and the distal portion of the left ventricular anterior, lateral and inferior walls, with compensatory hyperkinesis of the basal walls. These changes in myocardial contractility make the ventricle acquire the typical appearance of a «takotsubo», a Japanese word that refers to a vessel used as an octopus trap. It is frequently triggered by psychological or physical stress in postmenopausal women. Ventricular function recovers quickly and prognosis is excellent. There are several case reports of associations between anesthesia and surgery with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The adrenergic discharge during or after anesthesia may affect the myocardium and give rise to transient ventricular dysfunction in some patients. We describe a case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a patient undergoing eye surgery. The case is of a 72-year-old patient scheduled for cataract surgery under general anesthesia. Functional class was normal and there were no special events during the procedure. In the post-anesthetic care unit, the patient had an episode of respiratory failure associated with an inverted T-wave. The transthoracic echocardiogram revealed ventricular dysfunction, and the coronary arteriogram showed normal coronary arteries. The patient was diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and she recovered normal ventricular function within 4 weeks. Conclusions: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a reversible ventricular dysfunction, and there is a growing number of cases described in the literature in relation to anesthesia. Anesthetists must be aware of this condition every time there is cardiac dysfunction or hemodynamic collapse in the perioperative setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: fetal inflammatory response is a condition which is characterized by systemic inflammatory reaction accompanied by biochemical alterations such as raised interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels. It was first described over a decade ago and emerged from the need to understand fetal behavior in many known clinical situations. The purpose of this review was to provide the reader with the basis for understanding the entity and thus improve early diagnosis. Materials and methods: a review of the pertinent literature from 2000 to 2009 was made by searching MEDLINE databases via PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid and ProQuest. Review articles and original research were included. Results: fetuses having premature rupture of membranes (PROM) present alterations in passive ventricular filling (E) and a trial contraction (A). Such relationship is clinically evaluated by using the E/A formula and the myocardial performance index which is applicable in both ventricles. Changes in morphological characteristics regarding waves in Doppler evaluation in fetuses suffering PROM suggest high distensibility of the left ventricle, especially in fetuses exposed to intraamniotic infection. Fetuses which do not manage to change cardiac distensibility may not maintain stroke volume and thus may not achieve suitable cerebral perfusion, thereby creating an ideal microenvironment for alterations to develop in the central nervous system. Conclusion: microbial infection and invasion of the amniotic cavity are associated with changes in fetal cardiovascular function, this being mainly consistent with increased ventricular distensibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: To keep the heart function after a miocardial infarction (MI), there is an activation of the Renin-Angiotensin system (RAS). Under physiologic conditions this system has an enzymatic balance between the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I (ACE) and its homologue (ACE-2). While ACE enhance the miocardial remodeling (MR), wich contributes to the ventricular dysfunction, ACE-2 decreases it. This balance could be afected in physiopathologic conditions like MI. HYPOTHESIS: The progression of the ventricular dysfunction after a MI is associated with an increase in the levels of mRNA of the ACE and a decrease in mRNA for ACE-2. OBJECTIVE: To measure gene expression levels of both enzymatic ways in rat ventricles at short and long term after a MI. METHOD: We established differences in the mRNA levels for ACE and ACE-2 by RT-PCR. We obtained the mRNA from the infarcted ventricles of Sprague Dawley rats, sacrified 1 and 8 weeks after MI. RESULTS: The mRNA levels for ACE-2 were lower at 8 weeks after MI than the control group (MI=0.6+-0.1 v/s Control=1.0+-0.1, p<0.008). The expression levels of ACE show a significative increase at 8 weeks after MI in comparison with the control group (MI=4.7+-0.9 v/s Control= 1.0+-0.3, p<0.05). CONCLUTIONS: After eight weeks of a MI there is an imbalance in the expression of thecomponents of the RAS that favors the ACE enzymatic way and disfavor the ACE-2 way. Thus, contributing to MR and miocardial dysfuntion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]