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Infantile hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor, the most common in childhood, whose natural evolution is the disappearance of the lesion in the pediatric age and which has effective and safe treatments that limit its growth and favor its disappearance at younger ages. Infantile hemangioma continues to be a reason for attention to complications, due to erroneous diagnoses, lack of knowledge of the condition, late referral or fear of the effects of the medications used for its treatment. Furthermore, its presence is normalized without taking into account that it can cause uncertainty, anxiety, feelings of guilt and, as a consequence, a significant impact on the quality of life, mainly in the parents or caregivers of the child. The need for a clinical practice guideline in our country arises from the high presentation of late-remitted complications in infantile hemangioma even with the availability of adequate treatments, the continuous evolution of medicine and the appearance of new evidence. Throughout the guide you will find recommendations regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with infantile hemangioma, taking into account the paraclinical tests that can be performed, topical or systemic management options, as well as adjuvant therapies. For the first time, objective tools for patient follow-up are included in a guide for the management of infantile hemangioma, as well as to help the first contact doctor in timely referral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Acral arteriovenous hemangioma is an acquired vascular tumor, asymptomatic in most cases and benign. It has characteristics of both hemangioma and vascular malformation. It is distinguished by thick-walled blood vessels intermingled with thin-walled and dilated vessels. In the past it was known as cirsoid aneurism. Superficial acral arteriovenous hemangioma predominate in women in the fourth or fifth decades of life. In the oral cavity it is most frequently seen on the labial mucosa. CLINICAL CASE: A 51-year-old female patient presented with a 14-month history of a 3 mm circular, crusted and well circumscribed lower vermilion border ulcer with incoercible spontaneous bleeding that healed, but recurred frequently. Histological study of the ulcer showed numerous blood vessels with different wall thicknesses and sizes with an ascending spiral arrangement. The patient reported chronic alcohol intake with a non-specified hepatic disease.CONCLUSIONS: A typical case of acral arteriovenous hemangioma is described by both topography and epidemiology. Association with hepatic diseases is reviewed. Surgical excision is recommended for these lesions and clinical suspicion is important if a recurrent or asymptomatic bleeding ulcer of long evolution is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, also known as Masson's tumor, is a type of vascular tumor with a very low incidence. It is more frequently located in the upper extremities and its presence in the lower limbs is rare. Its formation secondary to traumatic processes is uncommon. CLINICAL CASE: A 27-year-old male in who the relationship between a second-degree sprain of the left ankle and the appearance of a lesion compatible with said pathology in the ipsilateral foot was presented, as well as the reactivation of symptoms during an acute process due to COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Because Masson's tumor can share characteristics with angiosarcoma, it is important to differentiate them because the former is a benign neoformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor, symptoms by endothelial and dendritic cells with an epithelioid appearance. At the bone level, it represents <1% of primary tumors, it appears mainly in long bones of the lower extremities, followed by vertebral bodies, bones of the hands and feet. CLINICAL CASE: 56-year-old male patient, with forced inversion of the right foot of five months of evolution and progressive increase in volume in the fifth joint of the same foot. Due to the radiological results, it was decided to obtain a biopsy of the fifth metatarsal, but in the surgical act it was decided to carry out a complete resection of the lesion. Among the histopathological findings, the following stand out: a lesion consisting of a neoplasm with a growth pattern in nests, of variable size and trabeculae, cells with an epithelioid appearance, mild pleomorphism and eosinophilic cytoplasm, formation of cytoplasmic lights and prominent nucleolus; neoformation vessels and thrombi. Extensive ischemic necrosis was identified. Immunohistochemistry reported positive CD31 and Factor VIII. The diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was established. CONCLUSION: Although there are no established treatment guidelines for this neoplasm, traditionally surgical resection with wide margins has been chosen, reserving radiotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with multiple tumors or those with difficult access for the surgical procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kaposi's sarcoma is a malignant tumor originated in vascular endothelium related to infection with human herpesvirus 8. The classic variety differs in its clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic characteristics with respect to the epidemic type. We report two prototypical cases in men with classic Kaposi's sarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, also known as Masson's tumor, is a rare neoplasm of vascular origin. It hasn't a characteristic presentation; it is commonly manifested as a subcutaneous tumor simulating benign lesions and malignancies. Usual topography is in upper extremities, head and neck. In histopathological terms, it is characterized by a papillary proliferation of endothelial cells, associated with thrombotic material. Treatment consists of complete resection of the tumor, including wide enough margins in mixed form to avoid recurrence. We present the case of a female patient diagnosed as Masson's tumor on forehead with good response to conventional treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma is a rare benign vascular proliferation with unknown etiology. It is usually a hard tumor less than 1 cm, asymptomatic and located on extremities of 6th decade women. The lesion grows slowly and the treatment is surgical excision, although there are reports of spontaneous remission and can be related to mycosis fungoides and vitiligo. This paper reports an atypical case of a 39-year-old man with a painful tumor associated to an intradermal melanocytic nevus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare vascular tumor that can be potentially malignant. It can be found in any part of the body but usually in the lower extremities or the retroperitoneum. Because its potential malign nature, it's necessary to perform oncological resections when are operating on. Methods: Three cases are presented. Results: One of them was located at the sacrococcigeal space, being the second reported case in the international literature. The other cases were in cervical and adrenal localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign vascular tumor that affects young men in which surgery is the treatment of choice. Endoscopic surgery has been used to excise tumors in the initial stages. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the endoscopic approach preceded by tumor embolization as treatment options for stages I and II. PATIENTS AND METHOD A retrospective study was carried out with five patients treated with preoperative embolization and endoscopic surgery from January 1996 to March 2007. Age, gender, localization, Chandler stage, surgery duration, hospital stay after surgery, blood loss, complications and tumor recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS Five male patients were submitted to endoscopic surgery, mean age, surgery duration, blood loss and hospital stay were 17 years, 150 minutes, 170 cc, and 45.6 hours, respectively. There were neither complications nor recurrences during a minimal 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic approach preceded by embolization is effective to treat angiofibromas in the initial stages with a reduced postoperative morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]