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Objective: To determine the self-reported prevalence of fructans food hypersensitivity in a sample of Mexican university students and to investigate the most frequent symptoms, the related foods involved, risk factors and gastrointestinal function status. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in a convenience sample of 412 university students aged from 18 to 35 years. Data were collected about their personal and family history of gastrointestinal diseases, the presence of symptoms after consumption of certain foods, and the severity of their symptoms. Results: The prevalence of fructans food hypersensitivity was 31.1 %; it was higher in women than in men. The most frequent gastrointestinal symptoms were bloating and flatulence. The most frequent extra-intestinal symptoms were fatigue and stress. The food groups related to the occurrence of symptoms were legumes, vegetables, and fruits. Significant association was found between female sex, personal and family history of gastrointestinal diseases and the presence of fructans food hypersensitivity (p < 0.05). Most individuals with fructans food hypersensitivity had mild gastrointestinal dysfunction (67.2 %). Conclusion: FFH is a common condition, it was found in one third of university students and occurs mainly in women. More research and diffusion about this pathology is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to develop the shelf life stability study, at room temperature, of the prebiotic composed of fructans from Agave fourcroydes, for its use as additive in livestock. Shelf life method was used for a period of 12 months at room temperature. The physical chemical characteristics were evaluated at baseline, six months and 12 months. Shelf-life stability results indicated that the prebiotic maintained its physical stability for six months and the chemical stability of the active ingredient for 12 months. It was demonstrated that the prebiotic, composed of fructans from Agave fourcroydes, kept the physical stability of the product for six months and the chemical stability of the active ingredient for up to 12 months, stored at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los fructanos son carbohidratos de estructura química diversa distribuidos en diferentes taxa. En las plantas, además de constituir una importante fuente de carbono, han sido asociados con la tolerancia a diferentes tipos de estrés. La biosíntesis de estos compuestos se lleva a cabo por la acción de las enzimas fructosiltransferasas, mientras que su degradación es mediada por las exohidrolasas fructosílicas, ambos tipos forman parte de la familia 32 de las enzimas hidrolasas glicosídicas. Las exohidrolasas fructosílicas son exo-enzimas que liberan secuencialmente residuos de fructosa terminales de los fructanos para hacerlos disponibles como fuente de carbono en diferentes procesos celulares o bien moléculas de señalización. En esta revisión se hace una descripción de los fructanos y las exohidrolasas fructosílicas en algunas plantas importantes para el consumo humano y para el aprovechamiento industrial, con un enfoque particular en el género Agave, específicamente en A. tequilana. Concluimos, que el estudio de las exohidrolasas fructosílicas en agaves podría ser útil en varias aplicaciones biotecnológicas como en la hidrólisis de estructuras de fructanos no digeridos durante la etapa de cocción del agave en el proceso de producción de tequila. Sin embargo, el primer paso es conocer la funcionalidad de estas enzimas, lo que podría facilitar su incorporación en diferentes procesos biotecnológicos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capsicum annuum L. is a crop of great economic importance in Mexico and is severely affected by the wilt caused by Phytophthora capsici. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of selenite and inulin on the incidence of Phytophthora capsici and the growth of serrano pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) in greenhouse. Seedlings 30 days after sowing were treated twice with selenite (100 µM) (Se + PHC) or inulin (200 µM) (I + PHC) per application to the base of the plants: 10 days before and at the time of inoculation with P. capsici (PHC). A PHC control and an absolute control without treatment or inoculation were included. After two weeks of treatment, the control seedlings remained without symptoms, while those inoculated with PHC, and those treated with selenite and inulin and inoculated showed a survival rate of 0, 80 and 40%, respectively. The height was higher in the control seedlings. In plants treated with selenite and inoculated a seedling fresh mass was higher than in the PHC and I + PHC, treatments. The viability of the root was similar in the treatments with selenite and inulin and decreased in the seedlings inoculated with PHC. Selenite was more effective than inulin in reducing the incidence of the disease, increasing the fresh mass and maintaining the viability of the plant tissue. The results suggest the potential use of selenite and inulin in the integral management of P. capsici. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is currently a growing interest in researching components of foods that have satiety power. Some constituents of dietary fiber have this characteristic, like the inulin that corresponds to a prebiotic. Objetive: Analyze and comment the effect of inulin on satiety in humans. Materials and method: A bibliographic search was made at the Scielo, and Oxford Journals databases, reviewing nutrition, and food items. Results: Studies were reviewed in different population groups, with different methods of evaluation of satiety and various doses of inulin. Controversial results was obtained, some cases showed an effect on satiety and others did not, therefore it is not possible to affirm that inulin has the effect of satiety in humans; an increase in satiety effect is observed when added to some individually satiating preparations. Conclusion: It is not possible to affirm that inulin has the effect of generating satiety in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content of inulin in common garlic (Allium sativum) by means of standardized procedure and the use of High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) was determined. A multifactorial design 2^3 by using the software Statgraphics V. 16 was carried out. Two independent variables at three levels were selected: temperature: 302 K, 328 K, 353 K and relationships water volume-garlic mass of 2/200 g, 3/200 g and 4/200 g of Allium sativum. Extraction time was fixed at 45 min and at constant agitation of 250 rpm for all the experiments. The maximum extraction of inulin was obtained at 353 K and at relationship water/garlic equal to 4/200 g. The procedure presented is reliable and reproducible extracting and determining inulin from vegetable species at laboratory level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Para determinar la capacidad de crecimiento y fermentación de Lactobacillus spp. y Bifidobacterium spp. en presencia del extracto seco de Agave fourcroydes (henequén) en condiciones in vitro, se seleccionaron tres cepas de Bifidobacterium (B. adolescentes, B. bifidum, B. breve) y tres de Lactobacillus (L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. paracasei). Se utilizó como fuente energética los prebióticos comerciales Raftilosa P95, Raftiline HP y el extracto seco de A. fourcroydes, rico en oligosacáridos de fructanos. Se usó el medio MRS sin glucosa, como control. En los casos necesarios se adicionó cisteína. Se obtuvo en todos los grupos de bacterias mayor crecimiento microbiano (P < 0.001) y disminución del pH del medio (P < 0.001) en presencia del extracto seco de A. fourcroydes. Este fue superior al de las fuentes de fructanos comerciales utilizadas, con alta producción de ácidos orgánicos. Las bacterias ácido lácticas fermentaron eficientemente el extracto seco de A. fourcroydes, por lo que es un buen candidato prebiótico para ser empleado en la alimentación animal. Estos resultados podrían generar trabajos futuros con la finalidad de obtener nuevos alimentos funcionales, como los simbióticos, con lo que se potenciarían sus efectos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Fructans contained in the base of agave leaves were extracted, hydrolyzed and used as carbon source at several concentrations for the production of bioethanol through two different ethanolgenic microorganisms: the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDBB-L-331 and the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis CDBB-B-603. The leaves of agave tequilana (Agave tequilana Weber Azul) constitute the agricultural crop residues and despite its high content of total reducing sugars (TRS) and the large volumes generated each year, they are not currently used. The results show that Zymomonas mobilis is able to grow to higher levels of TRS produces more ethanol and tolerate higher concentrations of it. The yield in ethanol production, conversion efficiency and volumetric productivity were also higher when fermentation was carried out with Zymomonas mobilis at a concentration of 20% of TRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se determinó la presencia de fructanos en Agave fourcroydes en Cuba mediante la utilización de la espectroscopía infrarroja, con transformación de Fourier, en la zona del infrarrojo medio. Se emplearon muestras liofilizadas de carbohidratos extraídos de tallos y hojas de Agave fourcroydes. En todos los casos se logró la identificación de los fructanos. En los espectros infrarrojos se muestran bandas con fuerte absorción a 3400-3200 cm típico de enlaces OH; bandas de absorción de grupos carbonilos a 1900-1580 cm-1, enlaces de los puentes entre monómeros -C-O-C- a 1150-1050 cm ; alcohol cíclico a 1065-1015 cm-1 y C-O-C, debido a la presencia de oxígeno en anillos asimétricos a 950-890 cm-1. La elucidación de estas estructuras moleculares es de gran importancia en el trabajo futuro que se desarrolle en Cuba con estos cultivos, específicamente para evaluar su función fisiológica en la planta y como fuente de obtención de productos prebióticos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]