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Hydrosanitary projects in residential construction play a crucial role in ensuring an adequate supply of potable water and efficient management of wastewater. In the comprehensive development of engineering processes for these constructions, it is critical to anticipate economic deficits from the planning phase through a precise assessment of probable costs. This study proposes equation models for early estimation of the cost of studies and design hydrosanitary projects in the Norte de Santander region. Budgetary information was gathered from 120 real projects executed in recent years (2017-2021). Projects were categorized into single-family residences, multifamily residences, and other projects (urbanism), and grouped into datasets for analysis using linear, non-linear, multiple, and polynomial regression. Eight cost estimation equations were obtained with minimum p-values and R² > 0.5. Comparative validation of estimated values against actual project costs revealed a similar trend and acceptable correlation, demonstrating the predictive capacity of the equations in cost evaluation. These equations provide valuable support for project managers targeted in this study, facilitating cost analysis and alternative evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pacha: Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos del Sur Global is the property of PACHA REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS CONTEMPORANEOS DEL SUR GLOBAL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia en su PC is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina is the property of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Order PCM/80/2022, of February 7, modifies Annex II of Royal Decree 1513/2005, of December 16, regarding the assessment and management of environmental noise. These modifications are based on work carried out by the Commission between 2016 and 2020, in which the necessary adaptations in the methods for assessing environmental noise were evaluated. The changes apply to calculation methodologies for road traffic noise, railway traffic noise, industrial noise, and air traffic noise. The objective of the Order is to incorporate Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 2021/1226 into Spanish legislation, adapting Annex II of Royal Decree 1513/2005 to scientific and technical progress. The Order came into effect on February 11, 2022. [Extracted from the article]

This article presents a risk estimation in buildings by landslides triggered by earthquakes and rainfall in the city of Medellin using a Geographic Information System (GIS). For this, a computer model that considers topographic, geological, geotechnical and hydrological characteristics of the study area was implemented to determine landslide hazard by evaluating the stability of slopes using pseudo static Newmark Method, including a probabilistic approach technique based on the first order and second moment --FOSM. The approach for the assessment of physical vulnerability of buildings in the study area was conducted through structural fragility indexes that consider the definition of the level of damage to buildings through event trees using a cadastral inventory data of the municipality of Medellin. The routine calculates the probability of a landslide to occur given that an earthquake produces a horizontal ground acceleration (Ah), considering the uncertainty of the geotechnical parameters and the conditions of soil saturation for the effect of previous rainfall in the area, then multiply such values with the structural fragility indexes values in order to estimate the damage indices of buildings, which are associated with the risk when considering the relevant economic variable to the replacement value of such structures from assessed values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Camagüey's historical center possesses as singularity to be the highier extension of the country with 330 ha. It is constructed in 316 apples, 12 squares and 18 littles squares. There exist 9 992 buildings placed in this sector of the city, of these 42 % possesses historical, architectural or environmental value. Inside the irregular urban plot, where the squares, and the towers of the temples define the urban landscape, the religious digest encloses a high significance characterizing in the great majority a the mentioned spaces, motive by which Camagüey is known from the last times as the city of the churches. It is very important for his historical center to possess two homogeneous sets of high value: San Juan de Dios and El Carmen, symbolized both by the church and the convent. In these sets, besides the religious architecture, the digest is outlined habitacional defined by a high number of buildings, being outlined the examples belonging to the traditional house called of baroque influence, belonging to the XVIIIth century and beginning of the XIXth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]