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Bivariate failure data are common in reliability and survival studies, where estimation of dependency is often an important step in data analysis. In the literature, it known that the correlation coefficients measure the linear relationship between two variables, but strong non-linear relationship can also exist between them. Kendall's T concordance coefficient has become a useful tool for bivariate data analysis, which is used in nonparametric tests of independence and as a complementary measures of association. In the analysis of reliability data, there is a phenomenon that occurs when the value of the lifetime is partially known, which is known as censoring. In this paper, two estimation methods of Kendall's t are compared via simulation, one of them assuming normality in marginal distributions and adjusting them individually and the other based on copulas (Gaussian and Clayton), where the bivariate data are interval censored. The comparison is made using the mean squared error and the median absolute deviation. The results show that the method based on the copula approximation generally produces more precise estimates than the method of individual adjustment of the marginals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims (i) to distinguish a number of basic semantic notions that may be subject to copularization processes (existence-eventuality, location-position, or [fictitious] elative movement), and (ii) to identify and illustrate various linguistic contexts and constructions that might have catalyzed these processes to a greater or lesser extent, including: the presence of abstract locative complements, the construction with secondary predicates, and the presence of Manner adverbs. The denotational degradation of the predicate, the pragmatic focusing of one or another element, and the loss of control by the Subject in some constructions, are all additional circumstances that might have influenced various types of semantic reinterpretation and recategorization which have themselves taken place within these linguistic processes. Finally, a hierarchy according to the degree of acquired copularization of the predicates analyzed is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note I present the unified theory of copular sentences proposed by Andrea Moro, who maintains that the verb to be is nothing more than a support for verbal inflection, regardless of the grammatical and semantic peculiarities of the ascriptive, equative, and existential sentences in which it appears. First, I contextualize Moro's proposal. Then, I explain how Moro clarifies a syntactic anomaly that seems to corroborate the alleged polysemy of the verb to be. Lastly, I comment on some omissions of philosophical relevance in the history of the verb to be told by Moro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the properties and distribution of the forms ser and estar when combined with adjectival complements in copular sentences in Iberoromance languages. The paper sets a detailed data paradigm that brings into light several differences between Western Iberian Romance languages (Galician, Portuguese, Castilian) and Eastern ones (like Catalan). The explanation relies on the hypothesis developed in Gumiel-Molina, Moreno-Quibén and Pérez-Jiménez 2015a to account for the properties of the «copula + adjective» structure in Spanish. The specificities shown by Catalan can be explained if one auxiliary hypothesis is assumed: a process of linguistic change is taking place in Catalan so that two estar forms coexist synchronically. Moreover, it will be proposed that the form estar in Western Iberian languages underwent a grammaticalization process that accounts for the fact that the so-called «evidential use of estar» is fully extended in these languages, but not in Catalan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of EconoQuantum is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Spanish copulas have inspired a vast amount of studies involving a significant number of technical concepts in their description. Against this background, we concentrate on the need to refine the technical parameters used, focusing on the linguistic domains where they are encoded and on the distinction between lexical and constructional semantics. Building on specific tests, we propose that ser and estar: (i) depart from both the standard notion of copula (semantically trivial verb) and of stative verb (lacking temporal structure) and are at least ambiguous as for the eventive type of construction they render; (ii) that many properties observed in the literature do not actually ensue from to the copula per se, but rather from the construction they head; (iii) and that the parameter boundedness best captures their situation, as long as it is conceived as a different semantic property, logically distinguishable from perfectivity telicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The General Error Distribution (GED) has been extensively used in time series econometrics applications, due to its great flexibility in the estimation of financial stylized facts. However, there has been no attempt to employ this statistical distribution in the construction of copulas. Copulas are probability functions that link one multivariate distribution to univariate distribution functions called marginals. These marginals are continuous and follow a uniform behavior within [0,1]. In this paper we introduce the bivariate GED copula to investigate financial contagion in Latinamerica during the 2008 crisis. We examine contagion in foreign exchange, equity, bonds and sovereign markets in Latinamerica. Standard decision criteria provide strong evidence in favor of the GED copula, against other widely used elliptical and arquimidean alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cosmosoma auge is a moth species widely distributed in the Neotropics and within Cuba; but very little is known about its life cycle or any other aspect of its natural history. That's why the goal of this article is the description of some precopulatory and copulatory events of C. auge under laboratory conditions. To accomplish that 397 individuals (both sexes) from three cohorts raised in captivity were observed every night from emersion to death. Day and time of emersion, calling position and mating were registered. These data were compared among individuals of different sex and/or age. In Cosmosoma auge there is evidence of protogyni because females emerged before males as it happens on other ctenuchid species. Also the beginning of calling position and their duration were very variable. The duration of calling position could be modulated by female's nutritional condition, while duration of mating is modulated by a male's mate guarding. In general there were a low number of mating events, which is common for ctenuchids under laboratory conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The copula has become a popular tool to build the multivariate models, in many fields where the multivariate dependence is of a great interest. This paper purpose is to present the copula both in their theoretical concept and its implementation in the R statistical software, and to deepen into the multivariate distributions? construction with the dependent marginal, by using the copula package's mvdc class, which allows to use the marginal in several and different types, that have been implemented already. In addition, to work with the methods for drawing the perspective and the contour representations for the distribution and the density functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Filosofia Medieval and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on a study which explores the breeding and intrasexual male aggression in relation with the position of the bats in a colony of Nyctinomops laticaudatus in Mexico. It reveals that permanent males had the higher level of aggressive behaviours toward temporary and subadult males, noting that aggressive behaviour among the bats was more common when they were further packed on the roosting site and was higher during the breeding season compared with the non-breeding season. Mate guarding as well as copulation rate are discussed.

Mongolian Gerbils are often used as a biological model, but it remains unclear whether these rodents display nocturnal, diurnal, or crepuscular patterns of behavior. The experiments presented below studied patterns of sleep-activity, feeding, and reproductive behavior under 12:12 light dark cycles. All data from these experiments suggest a nocturnal pattern of behavior in these rodents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Verba: Anuario Galego de Filoloxia is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)