Search

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Terapia Intensiva is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva (SATI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Religación: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades is the property of Religacion: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is recognized as a very important public health problem given its high prevalence and elevated morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in patients with DM2, a list headlined by ischemic events; however, arrhythmias, also contribute notoriously to the mortality attributable to DM2. In general, the risk of developing an arrhythmia is much greater in the diabetic population in comparison with the general population. Although the most prevalent arrhythmia in diabetics is sinus tachycardia, it should be noted that blocks and atrial fibrillation are also frequent in this population. This is a key point, as having any kind of arrhythmia significantly increases the risk of sudden death, which has been demonstrated to be much more frequent in diabetics. Although the origin of arrhythmias in the context of DM2 has many pathophysiologic components, fluctuations in glycemia and oxidative stress appear to play the most important role. In order to reduce the incidence of arrhythmias through therapeutic measures, further research is needed to selectively approach these arrhythmogenic mechanisms. The objective of this review is to evaluate the pathophysiologic mechanisms related to DM2 that originate cardiac rhythm disorders; and to analyze their epidemiology in diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, providing valuable information about heart rhythm and function. Traditionally, physicians relied on manually identified heuristic features to detect ECG abnormalities. However, this methodology had limitations in terms of accuracy and reliability. With the aim of improving accuracy in the identification of cardiac arrhythmias, this research focused on the development of models based on convolutional neural networks. Two data sets were used: the PhysioNet MIT-BIH dataset, widely used in the scientific community, and data acquired by the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP arrhythmia simulator. Five models were trained with different architectures, including conventional models such as (VGG16, ResNet-50 and AlexNet), as well as two architectures proposed by the authors. All models were trained with the same number of samples and hyperparameter settings. Performance evaluation was performed using common metrics such as precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy. The results showed that the VGG16 architecture was the most effective in classifying cardiac arrhythmias, achieving an accuracy of 98.8% on the MIT-BIH dataset. Furthermore, when evaluating test data from the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP simulator, the customize-2 model demonstrated the best performance with an accuracy of 96.3%. These results are promising, as they demonstrate the potential of convolutional neural networks to improve accuracy in the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. The models developed in this research could be a useful tool for clinicians in the early detection and appropriate treatment of these cardiovascular conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias of the neonatal period are alterations in the heart rhythm that produce an abnormal increase in the heart rate of the newborn, with possible deleterious effects on cardiac output, in a heart with a limited myocardial reserve and that carries a higher risk of fatal outcomes in special populations, such as patients with congenital or acquired heart disease. We present here a review of the literature, with the aim of achieving a timely recognition and management of neonatal supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, based on the diagnostic and therapeutic options available to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a technique known since 1972 incorporated into the oncological field in 2005 as a tumor ablation technique based on short high-voltage electrical pulses used to introduce chemical elements by diffusion, alter the cellular genetic structure, fuse a cell with other (reversible) or cause death (irreversible). These electric shocks carry an associated risk of cardiac arrhythmias, severe muscle contractions and seizures. Maintain an adequate anesthetic plane, optimal analgesia, deep neuromuscular relaxation and an electrocardiogram synchronized to the electrical pulses are the main objectives of anesthetic management. Objective: Describe the anesthetic implications of IRE in the pediatric patient. Material and methods: Narrative review based on a search for articles related to IRE in the most important databases, where the main source of information is case reports and non-systematic reviews of the literature, both in the area of anesthesiology and pain as well as engineering, vascular and cardiovascular interventional radiology, and surgery. Results: A total of 17 bibliographic references were found and reviewed. Conclusion: The anesthesia for IRE in the pediatric patient should guarantee an adequate anesthetic plane ideally with endotracheal intubation, optimal analgesia, deep relaxation and control of cardiac arrhythmias with electrocardiogram synchronization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The creation of a bradyarrhythmias consultation in Cienfuegos, since 2017, has made possible the treatment and more specific follow-up of affected patients. Therefore, the study of its clinical and paraclinical characteristics is relevant. Objective: to characterize patients with non-reversible bradyarrhythmias from the clinical point of view. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. All the patients seen by the Cardiology Service with a diagnosis of non-reversible bradyarrhythmia (N = 214) were taken into account to this work. Clinical, electrocardiographic, ergometric and echocardiographic variables were studied. Each one was given the statistical treatment according to its distribution, scale and type. Results: Male sex predominated. The median age was 74 years. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity. The echocardigraphic study showed some type of structural alteration in the 80% of the patients. The most common etiology was fibrosis of the excito-conductor system (77%), as well as third degree atrioventricular block was the most common electrocardiographic diagnosis among those who received temporary and permanent pacemaker implantation. There was a low rate of complications. Conclusion: the studied population was characterized as aged; with the presence of comorbidities; with some type of structural alteration in the majority, demonstrated through echocardiographic study. Fibrosis of the excito-conductive system and ischemic were the main causes of non-reversible bradyarrhythmia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The presence of acute renal injury has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (sudden death and arrhythmias). Objective: To know the frequency of heart rhythm disorders documented by Holter in patients in need of intermittent hemodialysis due to acute renal injury. Material and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted including patients with a diagnosis of acute renal injury who received intermittent hemodialysis; demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected from 28 patients. Monitoring was carried out through Holter before, during and after the hemodialysis session. Nonparametric statistics were used, with a significant value of p < 0.05. Risks were established with logistic regression. Results: There was a significant difference in supraventricular extra systoles (82.1% vs. 57.1%), ventricular extra systoles (26.7% vs. 3.6%), and supraventricular tachycardia (6.7% vs. 3.6%). The rest of the rhythm alterations without significance. Conclusions: Intermittent hemodialysis is a factor associated with the appearance of heart rhythm disorders. The death of patients with acute renal injury and substitution was related to ventricular extra systole detected by transhemodialysis Holter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The ondansetron is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, belonging to the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, a natural substance that can cause nausea and vomiting, and it blocks its action. The ondansetron is packaged in the form of rapid disintegration tablets, as a solution to be taken orally and in ampules, for parenteral use. The case of a 67- year-old female patient is presented, with a diagnosis of breast carcinoma, who underwent radical mastectomy with axillary dissection was performed, and who received chemotherapy with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel; as well as ondansetron to treat nausea and vomiting. The patient presented a wide QRS complex tachycardia after taking the drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ventricular depolarization and repolarization processes are discussed, including their differences and heterogeneity both in patients with a healthy/sick heart, a matter of ranges. Measurements expressing the characteristics of ventricular repolarization are analyzed: the QT interval and other even more reliable measurements such as the TPEAK-TEND interval, its dispersion and others. We emphasize on the existence of the long QT syndrome (and sign) and the three basic processes of arrhythmogenesis: heterogeneity, alternation and dispersion, with differences in action potentials in the three zones of the ventricular myocardium. The risk factors of long QT (common in this therapy) and ventricular arrhythmias (especially torsades de pointes, extremely rare in these cases) are highlighted. The need to assess clinical and electrical features, comorbidities, aggregate conflicts, and management of these patients is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital Heart Diseases are the most frequent malformations in live new-borns. Among the most frequent complications, arrhythmias are usually the main cause of sudden death. A large part of these malformations respond to genetic bases, which is why different genes have been identified by molecular biology techniques, whose mutations would be involved in their presentation. With the aim of establishing the relationship between molecular biology studies in the diagnosis and approach to Congenital Heart Diseases, a 12-year-old male patient with arrhythmia clinical picture and a family background of sudden and early death was performed, a biology study molecular by means of the complete exome sequencing technique and bioinformatics analysis by means of "In silico" technology for the study of genes associated with congenital heart diseases; the data obtained were analysed by computational study to complement the molecular study and evaluate the relationship with the clinical picture of the patient. The identification of 4 pathogenic variants in 3 genes associated with heart disease was achieved; the computational analysis allowed the characterization of the identified variants, and a precise phenotype - endotype - genotype correlation could be established. From the results, the usefulness of this type of studies for the analysis of genetic variants and their impact on the health of patients is highlighted, highlighting the need to establish a personalized medicine, which allows for adequate and directed transdisciplinary management, reducing the impact and morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports the case of an elderly patient who, during treatment with antimonials for cutaneous leishmaniasis, presented cardiac and hepatic toxicity associated with electrolyte imbalance as a perpetuating factor of her clinical condition, with subsequent development of multiple episodes of mono and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. The patient was treated with synchronous and asynchronous defibrillation, overstimulation with pacemaker, and electrolyte replacement; she did not recover and eventually died. This report on the toxicity of antimonials is important as they remain the first-line treatment for leishmaniasis despite their multiple side effects, which can compromise multiple systems. Thus, health care professionals must become familiar with the early signs and symptoms of toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiomyopathies are an important and diverse group of myocardial diseases associated with mechanical, electrical, or both dysfunctions. The left ventricular (LV) non-compaction is a familial cardiomyopathy of uncertain etiology, whose exact incidence and prevalence are unknown. It is characterized by an increase in the trabecular mass of the LV in contrast to a thin compact epicardial layer that can be visualized with imaging techniques that confirm the diagnosis. In this article is described the classification of MOGE (S) for cardiomyopathies, electrocardiographic disorders that can be found in patients with left ventricular non-compaction, the role of programmed electrical stimulation of the heart and other aspects of interest of this disease. In addition, some demonstrative electrocardiographic disorders (Stollberger and Jenni criteria) found in affected patients are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major public health problem. According to a variety studies, it is estimated that 12.5% of deaths that occur natu rally are sudden, and 88% of them, of cardiac origin; hence, the sudden death represents currently one of the main challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. Objective: To characterize the deceased by SCD at the Hospital Enrique Cabrera Cossío. Method: Observational descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study, where natural deaths attributable to cardiac causes were studied in the period from January/2014 to August/2016 and there was determined which of these were sudden. Results: A total of 210 cases of natural deaths that took place on the way to the hospital or in the first six hours of hospital stay were studied, the presence of cardiovascular pathological records and risk factors was reviewed, the time of the onset of symptoms, the presence, or not, of prodromes, the time in which the death occurred, the possible cause of death and the relationship between hospital time and death. There was a close relationship between the SCD and the history of high blood pressure (82.8%), previous ischemic heart disease (59.0%), smoking (58.1%) and diabetes mellitus (26.7%), as well as with the acute myocardial infarction as a trigger of death. Conclusions: The SCD took place mainly due to cardiac arrhythmia in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, and death occurred mostly in the first hour of the in-hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the clinical course of paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease in UMAE of Yucatan. Methods: Descriptive review was performed on the records of paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease from 1 November 2011 to 30 November 2013. Results: The most frequent heart diseases were persistent ductus arteriosus (37.6%) and transposition of the great vessels. The median intensive care stay was 3 days. Mortality was 11.76%, with septic shock (44.4%) in most cases. The most frequent complications were sepsis (5.9%), low cardiac output syndrome (4.7%), cardiac arrest, and AV block and ventricular tachycardia (2.4% each). There was a moderate positive correlation between surgical complications and survival or death. Conclusions: The number of surgical patients is lower compared to reference centres for cardiovascular surgery. There is a marked tendency to perform corrective and palliative surgeries in specific disease in patients with added risk or 'bad' cardiac anatomy that prevent full correction at the first attempt. Prospective epidemiological and clinical studies should be conducted to understand the behaviour of congenital heart diseases treated in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiac amyloidosis is a serious disease caused by extracellular amyloid deposition at that level. Its diagnosis and treatment depends on histopathologically identifying amyloid deposits, and immunohistochemically, biochemically or genetically determining its type. Patient's history, age, clinical presentation, physical examination, affected organ system or apparatus, underlying causes and family history, may provide useful clues to the amyloid type. In this paper we discuss a case of cardiac amyloidosis in an elderly patient whose initial clinical presentation was marked by syncopal episodes. Difficulties in diagnosing amyloidosis subtype by using high technology studies indicate the usefulness of clinical data as a crucial element that may lead us to suspect diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to confirm the diagnostic capacity of an exponential diagnostic aid law, developed for 21 hours, based on the theory of dynamic systems along with the fractal geometry, in evaluations carried out in 18 hours, through a diagnostic concordance study with respect to the gold standard. Materials and methods: a study of 60 cardiac dynamics evaluated in Holter and continuous electrocardiographic recordings was performed, of which 15 come from normal subjects and 45 from patients with different types of heart diseases. Theoretical simulations of the sequence of heart rates were developed for 18 hours, and were built attractors. The fractal dimension of each attractor and its spatial occupation in the generalized Box-Counting space was calculated. Mathematical diagnosis is determined from the law and sensitivity, specificity and Kappa coefficient was calculated. Results: values normally found between 219 and 373 in the Kp grid and between 49 and 70 for acute disease, showing that the method can differentiate normal acute disease by spatial occupation of attractors assessed from the mathematical law in 18 hours. Sensitivity and specificity of 100% and a Kappa coefficient of 1 were found by comparing the physical-mathematical diagnosis with the Gold standard. Conclusion: the exponential mathematical law of cardiac dynamic systems applied in 18 hours is useful as a diagnostic aid tool, allowing quantifying normal cases, evolving towards disease and acute conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to confirm the diagnostic capacity of a methodology based on the theory of probability in cases of arrhythmia. Materials and methods: a blind study was performed in which 10 normal Holter and 90 with different types of arrhythmias, from patients older than 21 years, were studied. Conventional diagnosis was masked and the probability ranges of maximum, minimum and intermediate heart rates, and the number of beats per hour were calculated to determine the mathematical diagnosis according to the three parameters previously stated. Finally, the conventional diagnosis, which was taken as a Gold Standard, was unmasked, and an analysis of diagnostic concordance was performed, differentiating normal and acute arrhythmia. Results: normal Holter, showed typical normal or evolving to disease mathematical values, while all the pathological cases were diagnosed by the methodology as evolving to disease or ill. A sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 70%, a PPV of 93.33% and a NPV of 100% was obtained, and Kappa coefficient showed a value of 0.82. Conclusions: the application of the methodology in the study of arrhythmic alterations evidence a mathematical order in which it is possible to differentiate normal from disease and detect possible states of progression to disease even in clinical states with normal diagnostic, with possible clinically preventive usefulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardio respiratory arrest in adults arises as a consequence of coronary artery disease in more than 60% of cases. At present, it is considered a public health problem. It is important to keep in mind that prevention, through the adoption of healthy habits, is the the principle contributor to the reduction of morbimortality. Nevertheless, when a malign arrhythmia that leads to cardiac arrest presents itself, the outcomes are directly related to the speed and quality with which cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers are put into effect, and to the integral management of the clinical condition that is post-cardiac arrest syndrome. These clinical practice handbook aim to provide sufficient information in order to guarantee appropriate medical attention in these cases. It is based in international norms of the lex artis in terms of the understanding and management of cardiac arrest. What's more, criteria for determining brain death, and the organization of the advanced resuscitation team, which goes by various names around the world —emergency medical system, code blue, mega code, advanced resuscitation code—, are included here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To confirm the clinical applicability of the diagnostic methodology based on the power law of cardiac dynamic systems, specifically for detecting arrhythmias, evaluating its concordance with respect to the Gold Standard, by means of the sensitivity, specificity, and Kappa coefficient Methods: Forty Holter were studied, of which 10 corresponded to normal subjects and 30 to patients diagnosed with different types of arrhythmias. A theoretical simulation of all cardiac frequencies (of at least 21 hours) was performed from the maximum and minimum frequency values registered, to build the cardiac dynamics attractor and its fractal dimension was calculated; the spatial occupation of each one of them was quantified in the generalized Box-Counting space. Finally, the mathematical parameters to differentiate normality of acute cardiac disease and of the evolution toward disease were applied. Results: There were six cases with mathematically-diagnosed acute arrhythmias, 24 cases were between 73 and 200 occupied ranges for the Kp grid that correspond to cases of evolution toward disease. This physical-mathematical diagnosis was compared with the Gold Standard and yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and a Kappa coefficient of 1. Conclusions: The application of this method to the study of chaotic cardiac dynamics evidences its usefulness as a tool of diagnostic aid for the prediction of acute arrhythmic events which may imply situations of vital risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millions of people die every year due to cardiovascular diseases. The objective against these diseases is primary prevention, but secondary prevention is the major goal in those individuals who already suffered an event. The order of the cardiovascular complication is the next one: arrhythmia, heart failure, myocardial infarction or stroke, and death. Approximately between 1 and 2 % of adults present heart failure, but this percentage rises to more than 10 % in adults over 70 years. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose and to treat this complication. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most important prognosis factor in these patients, because it decreases in 50 % of them. Almost 50 % of patients with heart failure have a conserved systolic function, but a decreased diastolic function. Treatment must improve the structural and functional heart abnormalities. Echocardiography is a useful tool in these patients due to its exactitude, accessibility, safety, and low cost. It provides information about the characteristics of the cardiac chambers and its volumes, the diameter in the walls, and about the diastolic, systolic and valvular function. Recently, echocardiography evolved to third dimension techniques, which seem to be more exact. In the next years, we will have more evidence about this diagnostic modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The possibility to locate structures involved in arrhythmias with the use of catheter electrodes gave an impetus to the development of techniques linked to the selective destruction of cardiac tissue. This is possible through radiofrequency catheter ablation. These procedures are the first choice treatment for most cardiac arrhythmias. The objective was to characterize clinically the pre and post therapeutic procedure for patients transferred to receive radiofrequency ablation. Method: A prospective and descriptive study in 26 patients with heart rhythm disorders who were referred for radiofrequency ablation and followed up for five years at the Cardiology Outpatient Department of the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital, in Cienfuegos. The variables studied were age, sex, type of clinical arrhyth-mia, arrhythmogenic substrate ablated, complications, initial success and recurrence of the treated arrhythmia. Results: The mean age of patients was 40.9 ± 17.6 years, mostly women (57.7%). Younger patients (mean age 38.6 ± 19.7 years) were treated for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and older patients (mean age 53.4 ± 23 years) underwent a non-selective ablation of the atrioventricular node. Half of the patients had ortho-dromic tachycardia; therefore, the most commonly treated arrhythmogenic substrate was an accessory pathway (65.4%). There were two major complications (7.7%), none of them directly related to the application of radiofrequency energy. In two patients (9.1%), the previously treated clinical arrhythmia recurred during the first year; both of them had right accessory pathways. Conclusions: It was feasible to transfer patients for radiofrequency ablation because of agreements with two centers which conduct the procedure. Most of them had tachyarrhythmias involving accessory pathways. Only two major complications occurred; the initial success rate was adequate and the recurrence rate of the arrhythmia was small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the cardiovascular disease management. It discusses the practice of electrophysiology used in cardiac diseases to protect the heart patients from future harm. It mentions that radiofrequency catheter ablation is the only cardiovascular subspecialty that has undergone a radical transformation in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in humans. The treatment can be one of the most difficult. It's true that AF itself it's a no-lethal arrhythmia but is often a cause of symptoms that can lead the patient to worsening in his quality of life thet predispose to serious conditions like thromboembolic events and heart failure. There is a general agreement in the benefit of antithrombotic therapy and the need of control of comorbid conditions, but there is not an ideal treatment for AF and the choice for the best treatment is based on the individual differences of each patient. Physician and patient must be aware of the risks and possible complications as well as the options in antiarrhythmic and antithrombotic drugs available in order to choose the best for each patient. We must get the message across that AF patients show a dynamic curse of the disease so reevaluation of the individual risk and response to therapy should be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: chest x-ray (Rx) is the standard test to assess correct placement of a central venous catheter (CVC). Our objective was to validate the use of four clinical measures (CMs) to assess the proper placement of the line. Methods: during a period of eight month, at the Intensive Care Unit a prospective study was done. A chest Rx was always obtained to assess the position of the catheter. The CMs were: venous return; waveform of the central venous pressure (CVP); arrhythmias while advancing the guide wire and the difference between planned length in cm to be introduced and the length of the catheter introduced. Results: for each parameter alone the sensitivity and specificity found were: for venous return 97% and 22%, for CVP waveform changes 86% and 40%, for arrhythmias 97% and 60%, for difference between planned and real length introduced into the patient 97% and 50% respectively. According to chest x-ray, 78% of the catheters were located at a central position. Using the four CMs, we obtained 86% sensitivity and 90% specificity of the placement of the CVC. Conclusions: the use of each parameter alone is highly sensitive but poorly specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) is a sacular deformity of the interatrial septum in the foramen ovale area; it may protrude towards to the right, to the left atrium or to both atria. It may present as an isolated malformation or it may be associated to a variety of congenital or acquired cardiopathies. On occasion it may be associated to cerebrovascular ischemic events or to cardiac arrythmias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perioperative management of patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White requires a special care by anaesthesiologists. Choosing the most suitable anaesthetic technique is very important. Both general anaesthesia or neuroaxial blockade may result in hemodynamic instability and arrhythmias development. Rectus sheath block is considered as a useful regional technique for umbilical surgery in patients at high-risk of cardiopulmonary complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: La muerte súbita cardíaca (MSC) constituye un importante problema de salud pública. Según estudios realizados se calcula que el 12,5% de las defunciones que ocurren de manera natural son súbitas y el 88% de origen cardíaco, por lo que la muerte súbita representa actualmente uno de los principales desafíos para los sistemas sanitarios a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los fallecidos por muerte súbita cardíaca en el Hospital Enrique Cabrera, durante el período enero/2014 - agosto/2016. Método: Se estudiaron las muertes naturales atribuibles a causas cardíacas en el período señalado y se determinaron cuáles de estas fueron súbitas. Resultados: Se estudiaron 210 muertes naturales ocurridas en el trayecto al hospital o en las primeras 6 horas de estadía hospitalaria, se revisó la presencia de antecedentes patológicos cardiovasculares y factores de riesgo, el tiempo de aparición de los síntomas, la presencia o no de pródromos, la hora en la que ocurrió el deceso, la posible causa de muerte y la relación entre el tiempo hospitalario y la muerte del paciente. Se demostró la relación estrecha de la MSC con los antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, obesidad, diabetes mellitus, tabaquismo, cardiopatía isquémica previa e infarto agudo de miocardio como desencadenante de la muerte. Conclusiones: La MSC se manifestó clínicamente por arritmia cardíaca, precedida por pródromos, y el deceso ocurrió mayormente en la primera hora de estancia en el hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El infarto miocárdico crónico constituye un factor de riesgo independiente para la muerte súbita cardiovascular. Objetivo: Identificar la presencia de infarto miocárdico crónico en fallecidos de muerte súbita cardiovascular en un estudio poblacional. Método: Se diseña un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal de los casos diagnosticados de forma consecutiva en 11 años, en el Hospital Julio Trigo López de La Habana, Cuba. Resultados: El infarto miocárdico crónico estuvo presente en el 24,7% del universo analizado, con predominio en hombres (64,7%), en edades de 60-74 años (41,3%). La asistolia fue la arritmia más frecuentemente encontrada en el medio extrahospitalario (51,6%) y el diagnóstico de un trombo coronario fresco con o sin infarto agudo de miocardio, representó la principal causa de muerte (63,5%). Conclusiones: En los pacientes con infarto miocárdico crónico, la muerte súbita constituyó la causa más frecuente de muerte. Este factor de riesgo incrementó, por sí sólo, la probabilidad de ocurrencia de muerte súbita en los primeros 18 meses de ocurrida la necrosis miocárdica aguda. En la estratificación de riesgo postinfarto se hace necesaria la búsqueda de inestabilidad eléctrica, isquemia residual y disfunción ventricular izquierda como predictores para este tipo de evento. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: La muerte súbita (MS) constituye un problema de salud de primer orden. Los estudios patológicos post mortem son esenciales para descartar la presencia de una enfermedad hereditaria. Objetivo: Describir las características y el diagnóstico de las causas de MS durante 21 años (1995-2015). Método: Se estudiaron 564 casos consecutivos (44±18 años; 76,6% hombres) con MS (479; 84,9%) o muerte súbita resucitada (MSR) (85; 15,1%) en el Instituto de Medicina Legal y el Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca de Murcia, España. Se excluyeron las cardiopatías isquémica, valvular, y otras condiciones no hereditarias. Resultados: En 274 fallecidos de MS (57%) se realizó un estudio post mortem, que fue diagnóstico en 189 (69%) casos; 101 individuos (17%) permanecieron sin diagnóstico. Se evidenció un mayor número de pacientes incluidos en la última década con respecto a la primera (375 [66%] frente a 189[34%], p<0,001), igual que el número de estudios post mortem (59% vs. 41%; p<0,001), y el diagnóstico definitivo (69% vs. 10%). El reconocimiento de miocardiopatía arritmogénica aumentó en el último período (relación miocardiopatía hipertrófica/arritmogénica de 3,5 en los últimos 5 años). A partir de 2006 hubo un incremento en la tasa de MSR frente a la total (la relación de MS/MSR pasó de 11,6 a 5,1). Las canalo patías fueron significativamente más frecuentes en la MSR (38% vs. 11%; p <0,001) (Figura). Conclusiones: Se objetiva la importancia de la asistencia extrahospitalaria y la relevancia de los estudios post mortem para llegar a un diagnóstico definitivo. A pesar de todos los esfuerzos, una proporción significativa (1:5) permanece sin una causa demostrable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the accessory cardiac pathways that are used as embryonic remnants of muscles. Topics discussed include Kent beam used in treating ventricular preexcitation syndrome, activation of atrioventricular node in muscles, electrocardiogram used in diagnosis of the syndrome.