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Copyright of Journal of College of Languages is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Stroke in adults is a critical clinical condition and a leading cause of death and disability globally. Epidemiological data on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa are limited. This study describes incidence rates, stroke types and antecedent factors among patients hospitalized with stroke in Zanzibar. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of stroke patients at hospitals in Unguja, Zanzibar. Socioeconomic and demographic data were recorded alongside relevant pastmedical history, medicine use and risk factors. The modified National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) was used to assess admission stroke severity and, when possible, stroke was confirmed by neuroimaging. Results: A total of 869 stroke admissions were observed from 1st October 2019 through 30th September 2020. Age-standardized to the World Health Organization global population, the yearly incidence was 286.8 per 100,000 adult population (95%CI: 272.4-301.9). Among these patients, 720 (82.9%) gave consent to participate in the study. Median age of participants was 62 years (53-70), 377 (52.2%) were women, and 463 (64.3%) had a first-ever stroke. Known stroke risk factors included hypertension in 503 (72.3%) patients, of whom 279 (55.5%) reported regularly using antihypertensive medication, of whom 161 (57.7%) had used this medication within the last week before stroke onset. A total of 460 (63.9%) participants had neuroimaging performed; among these there was evidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in 140 (30.4%). Median stroke severity score using mNIHSS was 19 (10-27). Conclusion: Zanzibar has high incidence of hospitalization for stroke, indicating a very high population incidence of stroke. The proportion of strokes due to ICH is substantially higher than in high-income countries. Most stroke patients had been in contact with health care providers prior to stroke onset and been diagnosed with hypertension. However, few were using antihypertensive medication at the time of stroke onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metaphor "hand of the breeze" is not common in Spanish literature, although it was used by Federico García Lorca in his work Poemas sueltos of 1921. Writers like Juan Valera and Arabists like Pascual de Gayangos and Juan Vernet, when translating this metaphor, avoided mentioning "hand" and opted instead for other terms, such as "breath of the breeze", "breeze of the breeze" or simply "morning breeze", further confirming that this is a strange metaphor in the Spanish language. However, in 1859 the Arabist Lafuente Alcántara rendered the metaphor "hand of the breeze" literally into Spanish when translating a poem by the Andalusí Ibn Zamrak (14th century) that is inscribed on the walls of the Alhambra of Granada. Other Arabists, such as Simonet, Dozy and Dernburg, also translated the metaphor this way. This article is based on the hypothesis that Garcia Lorca, due to his great interest in the palatine city of the Alhambra, knew of this typically Andalusí metaphor and incorporated it into his poetic production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vainglory subject plays an important role in the Arabic poetry. There are poems which talk about discussions among flowers, how they are proud or each one is better than the other. These poems had been translated in the nineteenth century or sorne time before to Latin, Spanish, English and French. In the Spanish poetry, sorne poems of Duque de Rivas, Carbonero y Sol and Zorrilla look like the Arabic poems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metaphor "night's wing", which is used in Arabic, is probably transfered to Spanish poetry in the nineteeth century. That metaphor es very wide-spread in Arabic but not in English. It was translated to Spanish in 1820, to Latin in 1745 and 1847, then to English in 1868. In Spanish poetry in the nineteeth century few of poets used that metaphor, like Martínez de la Rosa, Gil y Carrasco y Francisco Javier Simonet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this second paper of the series named "The Arabic poetry and the Arab poets of the XIX century", I review the direct and indirect contacts that the romantics Duque de Rivas, Estébanez Calderón, Bécquer, Carbonero y Sol, y Juan Valera had with the Arabic poetry; also mentioning other authors who belong to this literary movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a generalized idea among the Spanish literature historians who say that the influence of the east on the Spanish romanticism has arrived through the Europe literature. This article try to show that this influence has also arrived through the Arabic sources translated to Europeans languages. We have chosen the famous Spanish poet José Zorrilla as an example. This poet wanted to study Arabic, he wrote is some of his works Arabic letters. It seems that he read al-Maqqarī, One thousand and one nights, and some orientalists works about Arabic literature. He even was a friend of Spanish orientalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]