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After the expulsion of the Society of Jesus from the Río de la Plata, its documentary collections suffered a process of fragmentation: throughout the 19th century, they were moved on numerous occasions until they were deposited in various national and provincial archives. After its restoration, in the mid-19th century, the Society reconstructed its archives locally and globally. The central institution is the Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu (Rome), which collects documentation from all the provinces of the order; At the same time, there are numerous provincial archives that complement it. However, one remains closed today: the Archive of the Argentine-Uruguayan province of the Society of Jesus, in Buenos Aires. Part of the information contained in it can be reconstructed since it has nourished the research of one of the main historians of the Company in Argentina, Guillermo Furlong. In this work, a transversal analysis of some of his most significant works is carried out to trace those documents used by Furlong with the aim of reconstructing the contents of an archive that, without a doubt, contains essential material for the study of the history of the Society of Jesus in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When human relationships are affected by conflict, tensions between norms arise, fragmentation occurs, and social cohesion weakens. In this context, the impacts of affirmative action on ethnic fragmentation in the Department of Cauca are examined, with a particular focus on Afro-descendant and indigenous communities in the north of the region. To analyze it, a fractionation index was used that evaluates the dispersion of non-governmental organizations. The results showed an increase in fragmentation among indigenous communities; Furthermore, the number of Afro-descendant associations exceeded that of indigenous ones, with no evidence of a demonstration effect. It is concluded that the trend towards fragmentation has weakened large organizations that defend common causes, predicting conflicts both within and between different groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Santa Isabel neighborhood faces important changes in its commerce and consumer habits. This work explores, through interviews and field observation, the effects of new lifestyles on the environment, with the production of new job opportunities but also a general increase in prices, social fragmentation and an incipient pressure for displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Jangwa Pana is the property of Revista Jangwa Pana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bajo Palabra: Journal of Philosophy is the property of Bajo Palabra: Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes Argentina's economic performance during the last forty years of democracy. Despite political and social conflicts, democracy in Argentina has been stable and has not suffered from coups. However, the project of establishing a democratic regime that promotes sustainable and inclusive development has not found support within Peronism and remains unfinished. The article mentions import substitution, the hegemonic balance between corporate businesses and workers' unions, and the relationship between the democratic regime and the tendency towards social and economic decline. It also highlights the lack of basic agreements on the economic development model and the declining trend of the economy and society in Argentina. The article analyzes economic cycles and policies that have led to economic crises in Argentina, such as fiscal deficits, relative price imbalances, and the political capture of the state. It mentions social fragmentation and the different realities that exist in Argentine society. The article criticizes proposed simplistic solutions and presents future challenges of reforming the state, establishing a stable monetary and financial regime, and carrying out a coherent strategy for international integration. It emphasizes the loss of autonomy of the Central Bank and the lack of a coherent strategy for international integration as obstacles to reversing the declining trend. The article concludes that a suitable political and technical approach will be needed to achieve lasting macroeconomic stability and promote sustainable development. [Extracted from the article]

One of the main causes of instability in Mexico is the violence linked to drug production and trafficking. Within the different illegal markets, poppy's production is one with an increasing relevance due to the proliferation of international opiate consumption. This article analyzes the relationship between homicides and poppy's production in 46 municipalities in the state of Guerrero. The research also includes the variables of criminal fragmentation and social lag. The analysis is conducted from bivariate correlations evidencing a negative association between homicides, illegal crops, and social lag, while being positive with criminal fragmentation. Conclusions reflect the relevance of different criminal organizations fighting to control a territory as an explicative element of violence in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Foro Internacional is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper shows the state of the social capital between 2004 and 2014 in front of the implementation of the Mexican policy of attention to poverty. The investigation contemplates the beginning of the OPPORTUNIDAES program, and its passage to the PROSPERA program. The first study was conducted in a municipality in the state of Guerrero, and the second in the state of Oaxaca. The work made use of semi-structured interviews, face-to-face and with a mixed questionnaire, these were complemented with the observation technique to obtain a contextualized understanding of the situation at different explanatory levels. The results show that the policy of attention to poverty has a negative effect on the development of social capital. It was observed that the targeting method employed by these poverty attention programs creates two networks of social relationships, beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries; from the perspective of social capital, this influences the development of cooperation, solidarity, trust, reciprocity and social norms; that is, the fragmentation of social ties in a community has an impact on local development, and this does not counteract poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a mixed approach, the research aimed to study the Paraguayan social structure in its relationship with the situation of the child and adolescent population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This made it possible to identify three risks: first, the increase in poverty, because of the suspension of economic activities and the reduction in income. Second, the risk of social fragmentation, where the institutional support of the State focuses assistance on a segregated manner and, many times, under clientelist criteria, dismantling certain types of organization and collective action. Third, the affront against integrity, in which girls and adolescents are victims of gender inequalities. The three risks synthesize living conditions associated with concrete vulnerabilities, erected on the fragile terrain of poverty, precariousness, and exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides empirical evidence that supports the configurational assumptions of social disorganization theory and routine activities theory. Through a comparative qualitative analysis (csQCA), the paper concludes that the differentiated distribution of robberies in the Mexico City mayoralties (N16) is a product of the combination of conditions associated with the deterioration of social control and the availability of criminal opportunities. However, in terms of necessity and sufficiency, not all explanatory conditions were relevant to reduce uncertainty and did not always act according to the hypotheses formulated. The study suggests that crime rates do not simply result from the direct influence of factors and that the interaction between factors may be mediated by contextual conditions. This paper adds to the literature that seeks to discuss the assumptions of social theories of crime in Latin American cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the social representation of violence in educational environments. It uses the case study in a secondary educational institution in the city of Huaraz in Peru where it investigates the configurations of the associations; its causes and consequences. Human rights violations caused by discrimination, ignorance of the cultural values that others contain are evident. The social nature of the problem is underlined, insisting on citizen participation for the disarmament of the structures that generate social fragmentation. It is a study of an inductive nature; surveys are designed and applied with the purpose of collecting information to support the final considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crime in Mexico City has risen in recent years. In fact, according to both decision-makers and the accumulated evidence, we can say that criminal organizations exist in the city. Among the possible explanations one is the dispute over the corner-level drug sales. Until today, no research has considered the factors explaining why this practice is distributed non-randomly and is so concentrated at certain points in the region. To answer this question, the author uses specific theories that deal with the distribution of smallscale crime in urban contexts to make his argument. Methodologically, his research utilizes regression model adjustments and different statistical and spatial analytical techniques. He discusses the results in the light of theory and the Mexico City criminal context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work was to know the relationships between the non-compliance figures of seven restrictions imposed by social isolation due to Covid-19 (Behaviours Contrary to Coexistence, BCC) between March 16 and May 1, 2020, with the economic indicators of criminality, social network between 2015 and 2018, and contagions in 2020 in all 32 departments of Colombia and Bogota (n = 33). The outcome was: a) a direct correlation between total rates of BCC and regional rates of crime against property, b) direct relations between more infringements by agglomerations and higher rate of accumulated infections by Covid-19, c) a greater negative emotional climate and a lower satisfaction with the police was associated with more infringements by agglomerations and the nonuse of masks, d) a lower collective efficacy was associated with more violations due to unauthorized alcohol consumption, e) a greater communal coping was associated with fewer offenses due to alcohol consumption. Although the size of the correlations was moderate, the evidence supports the "broken window" and social disorganization theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ayer: Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Teoría de la Educación. Revista Interuniversitaria is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The expansion of the urban sprawl of the city of Formosa over the territory has presented a diffuse development that has deepened in recent years towards the periphery with a residential predominance. The southwest sector in particular presents spaces with different forms of housing production and urban vacuums or territories with water risk due to its natural conditions, a situation that has generated an important physical and social fragmentation. This article delves into the changes observed in the peri-urban space of the city of Formosa by identifying the transformations of land use in the first twenty years of the 21st century, using cartographic and documentary analysis as a methodology, complemented by field work and desk research for information processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the outbreak and devastating spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, different forms of containment methods have been implemented across Latin America that have radically and rapidly transformed public health approaches. The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary delimitation of the problem of person-to-person accusations and complaints in proximity contexts under the confinement regime in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA). This paper examines three issues: 1) anthropological perspectives on judicialization; 2) the broad-ranging consequences and paradoxical effects that accusations, denunciations, and judicializations have been proven to cause for the well-being, health, and survival of affected individuals and social groups; and 3) the particularities that anthropological work assumes in highly normatized, sanctioned, and criminalized contexts. This article addresses heterogeneous materials: historical background, anthropological arguments, research results, media information, regulations, etc., to analyze the case of the AMBA. Specifically, the text focuses on the practices employed during the months of the initial period of confinement in AMBA, from March 20 to November 9, 2020. This analysis sheds light on the ways in which proximity accusations and allegations lead to the fragmentation of social fabrics, deepen inequalities, and accentuate uncertainty about social responses to possible infection and death. They also compromise and distort epidemiological, preventive, and care strategies. While legal actions of the same type have taken place for other ailments and epidemics, proximity accusations and allegations, in this case, are understood as enabled and legitimized strategies that express and translate deep transformations --at the micro-scale of isolation-- of the links between public health, legislation and security forces in social confinement regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of International Journal of Political Philosophy / Las Torres de Lucca is the property of Revista Las Torres de Lucca. Facultad de Filosofia, Ciudad Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This article contributes empirical evidence about the causal configurations derived from the theory of social disorganization linked to the high levels of first-degree murder in Mexico City mayoralties. The methodology consists of a compared qualitative analysis using the crisp-set (csQCA) technique. The results show, on the one hand, that conditions do not individually necessarily exist to explain the outcome, and, on the other hand, that social disorganization theory make it possible to explain the cases of the Iztapalapa and Gustavo A. Madero mayoralties. Thus, the author concludes that each Mexico City mayoralty has distinct problems, which means that they all require differentiated policies to fight the high levels of lethal violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Logos: Anales del Seminario de Metafísica (1575-6866) is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This present essay exposes the theoretical review of five authors whose studies focused on understanding the social dynamics, the phenomena that arise in societies, which transform for the worse the interaction between individuals, industry and the state, taking conflicts between life goals and means of obtaining, due to a social inequality increasingly perpetuated by those in power, specifically the state and the company, where they consolidate marked differences between groups, pushing towards disorganization, economic uncertainty, political, social, stability, among others, provoking uncertain panoramas that lead subjects to modes of expression of violence arising from disagreement with the impositions of the state and industry, having implement the monopoly of violence to contain the reactions of divergent groups. Of the authors with the greatest resonance on the subject of social disorder, is Durkheim. For his part, Parsons points to that distance between goals and means and the conflict it produces. Another approach is Spencer, who points out about conflicts between groups in the face of state repression. Weber explains the consolidation of the state apparatus through raising money and establishing its control devices. Finally, Bourdieu refers to the neoliberal forms that distance subjects from the opportunities and support the state could give, relegating him to his fate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article contains, in the first place, a reflection on the link established between the mother's tongue --in its qualitative experiential variety and historical determinations-- and the phenomenon of existential madness and grief, particularly with the distorted guiding of an "unidentified" emotionality, eluded or denied, towards speech acts. In the second place, the relationship between the mother's tongue and different types of existential madness, in the context of community-family fragmentation experiences and sequels of exiles and diasporas of the twentieth century, is observed. In the third place, the autobiographical and critical experience of ethnographic and testimonial writing of the language is examined. Finally, this article aims to establish a phenomenological view of an 'oral madness', conditioned by sequels of historical extermination. It is not easy to notice, at first glance, the ambiguous nexus of plural subjects with the mother's tongue, its reflection in the collective psyche as a concealed form of madness, monomania, alienation and fragmented subjectivity. Likewise, the impact of this particularity on communicative action and gregarious linguistic coexistence is neither easily noticed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International fragmentation of production and economic integration are two structural motors of change that have characterized the global economy for decades. However, an interest in analyzing these two processes together has recently intensified due to the neo-protectionist turn in trade and economic policy in the United States. This paper examines trade and productive relations between Mexico, the United States and Canada, demonstrating how the global value chains (GVCs) in which they participate obscure global tendencies (centrifugal forces) and regional countertendencies (centripetal forces) that provoke changes in the geography and composition of productive linkages. These processes have the result of restructuring, and to a certain extent disintegrating, the regional bloc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of EURE is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The essay develops some lines of interpretation of qualitative research sources related to social criticism experiences active in the Umbrian territory. The analysis of the sources will be intertwined to the formulation of a hypothesis on the thematic node of subjectivity. This hypothesis will be developed in a twofold direction: in terms of processes of subjectification and redefinition of individual identity within the social relations analyzed; in terms of social identity and collective belonging, going so far as to argue that the critical tension to capitalism carried out by the subjects under consideration can be read primarily as social criticism. The overall intention of this paper is to try to provide some basic references in support of the hypothesis that the critique of capitalism today can be understood also and above all in terms of processes of subjectification attributable to innovative forms of social participation. In other words, the critical aim of the exemplary sociality examined can be declined through a form of criticism that we could define as implicit, relating to a redefinition of the social bond rather than to a militant and generalized political dimension. This is an implicit criticism of capitalism, characterized in purely social terms: it can be read as a creative and practical response to the fragmentation of social solidarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work posits a brief analysis on the theories related to value and its consequent historical transformations through the evolution of the capitalist productive model and the configuration of a consumer society. This is done to elucidate the epistemological fragmentation within the social sciences in order to resurrect a critical exposition of the subjective theory of value interrelated with concepts of political theory, history and sociology. This will push forward the holistic value of social analysis as a single theoretical corpus of social science, one that can offer a more accurate approximation to social reality, as well as the emancipatory capacity of critical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article's starting point is the supposition that an important change has taken place in the image of society presented by social theory after 1989. First, current social theories present an image of societies that, despite their internal dynamics, no longer expect important changes. Secondly, these theories consider our societies severely fragmented, and thirdly, that they are going through an accelerating process of de-institutionalization. The author discusses these trends in terms of their implications for critical social theories, questioning, above all, post-colonial criticism. He proposes distinguishing between two currents: post-colonial de-constructivist criticism and post-colonial re-constructivist criticism. He suggests that the latter could cull from Latin American thought projects for social, political, and cultural transformations committed to more fair societies where people would have greater autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the outputs of a research in which stratification, social classes and social mobility are approached from a perspective that incorporates the perceptions of the subjects regarding to the forms of construction of a symbolic normality about this issues during contemporary Argentina. In the last decade Argentina characterized itself by a model of state intervention that is consolidated in 2007, and establishes a new link between labor and social policies. This new relationship comes into tension with the neoliberal ideology of individualization, typical of the neoliberal decade, the nineties. To do so, it involves two theoretical perspectives, and a strategy that combines quantitative and qualitative techniques. The quantitative approach allowed us to describe trends that characterize social mobility and social stratification processes, which contextualize this article. The qualitative approach allowed us to analyze perceptions of one's position in the social structure (Echeverria Zabalza, 1999). The biographical method was used. Life stories addressed through thematic analysis (and not the story of life as a unit in itself) from a comparative perspective (Bertaux, 1994; 2005). In this line, we reconstructed the perceptions that the subjects that make up different paths class enunciate and construct discursively, as far as mechanisms of state intervention concerned, and particularly the way in which these utterances are related to perceptions about one's place in the social structure and the potential of that space, differentially with others. Our conclusions claim that the break of the neoliberal consensus regarding forms of state intervention was not necessarily hand to hand by a one of values and principles on which the society organized the common Life, and built explanations and justifications about social inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the emerging and growing migration between rural Veracruz and the United States in a context of the redefinition of labor markets, the establishment of circuits, and the way in which different actors create and recreate over time the social structures of opportunities they access. The aim is to look at the social factors that originate and maintain international migration as well as the role of social networks in the circulation of tangible and intangible resources. The information analyzed is the product of field work in different rural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicoperspectivas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Escuela de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The literary work of Roberto Bolaño has been studied from many different optics, and in this work we contribute to the opening up of analyses of a narrative that is a symptom and sign of our times: fragmentation. The critical expression of aesthetic and ethical discourse that Bolaño makes is the basis of a voice that plays with how to criticize the canon and power. Here, literature becomes a political expression, and Bolaño's position is anarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Psicología (1669-2438) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Psicología (1669-2438) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)