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Copyright of Entre Ciencia e Ingeniería is the property of Entre Ciencia e Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Argentine cattle breeding requires the incorporation of analyses that allow us to reduce the number of unfit bulls in the herds. The objective of the study was to detect the presence of pathogen DNA in fresh semen samples using molec-ular techniques (PCR) and to evaluate its relationship with reproductive pa-rameters and sperm DNA fragmentation. Samples from a group of 24 asymp-tomatic bulls from 18 herds of Buenos Aires and La Pampa provinces were ob-tained. The minimum scrotal circumference value was 33 cm. Twenty-one per-cent of the bulls showed low mating capacity. Ureaplasma diversum DNA was detected in 30.4% and DNA fragmentation was found in 16.6% of the sperma-tozoa. Significant differences were only found when comparing prevalences of Ureaplasma diversum DNA detection and seminal volume (X2 = 8.39 p<0.05). No other studied pathogen DNA was detected. Incorporating techniques that allow us to evaluate seminal quality will allow us to reduce economic losses and the entry of risky genetic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ovarian Torsion (OT) is complete or partial rotation of the ovary above its vascular pedicle. The objective is to descriptively compare the Hospital Discharge Rates (HDR) for OT in the period 2018-2021 in Chile. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The data of hospital discharge for OT in Chile between 2018-2021 (n=1,599) according to age group and days of hospital stay were obtained from the Department of Health Information Statistics. HDR was calculated. No ethics committee was required. Results: An HDR for OT of 4.33/100.000 population was determined between the years 2018 and 2021, with 2021 being the highest with 5.92. The age groups of 10-14 and 15-19 years old registered the highest HDR of 8.5 and 7.55, respectively. The average number of days of hospital stay for OT between the years 2018-2021 was 2.15 days, with 2018 being the longest year with 2.3 days. Patients 80 years and older had the longest hospital length of stay with 3.37 days. Discussion: The HDR for OT in Chile has increased in recent years. In 2020-2021 the highest HDR for OT were found between 10-19 years old, probably due to increases in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chile. The oldest age groups recorded the longest average hospital length of stay, which may be due to increased susceptibility to postoperative complications. Considering the limited source of information in this regard, our study allows us to present an updated national epidemiological profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Healthy sleeping is essential for the human body, which, when altered, will affect the individual's daytime and evening functioning. This sleep disturbance might appear in college, which is characterized by poor sleep habits. Given that in Chile there is a lack of information regarding medical students, therefore the following objectives were proposed: stablish the prevalence of sleep disorders and their characteristics in medical students of the Andrés Bello University, Viña del Mar (UNAB-VM), according to sex, the association between having sleep disorder and the academic year, sex, and consumption of hypnotic medications, and comparing the level of daytime sleepiness and level of morningness-eveningness in students with and without disorder. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study with analytical data from 234 students, from first to fifth, of medicine from UNAB-VM, year 2020. Measures performed were; quality of sleep using the Pittsburgh quality index, daytime sleepiness using the Epworth scale and level of morning-evening using the morningness-eveningness questionnaire by Horne and Östberg. Results: 86.3% of students had a sleep disorder. From those, 69.3% were women, 30.7% were men, 21.3% used hypnotic medications, and 26.7% of the prevalence corresponds to the second year. Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep disorder in medical students is high. The consumption of hypnotic drugs revealed a significant figure and higher than the rest of the analyzed bibliography, which could probably be explained by the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina has records of Ureaplasma diversum in healthy cattle and those with reproductive disorders, but there is not information regarding semen up to date. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Ureaplasma diversum in fresh semen samples obtained from bulls from central region of Argentina. A total of 110 semen samples from asymptomatic bulls of breed and natural service herds were collected. Samples were obtained from two groups of reproductive ages (up to 13 months and more than 13 months). Ureaplasma diversum DNA was detected in 28.2% of the samples. Significant differences were found when comparing prevalence between samples taken from breed vs natural service herds, and between the ages studied. This is the first report of presence of Ureaplasma diversum DNA in fresh semen of bulls in Argentina. It is important to improve the diagnosis system for detecting pathogenic microorganisms in national genetic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the article is to present the research development of socio-environmental conflicts for oil exploration. A descriptive interpretative study was carried out through documentary research with a qualitative approach. Fifty research references were reviewed in various databases. In the results, Latin American countries stand out with the highest research output. The predominant method was the case study. It is concluded that the study of socioenvironmental conflicts has been increasing in Latin America and with it, the extension of the studied realities from several perspectives. However, the socio-environmental conflictivity has been little approached from the perspective of the thought of the social groups, aspects such as value systems, information, and knowledge of the communities, have not been widely developed in the investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magazine of the Colombian Association of Biological Sciences / Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Ciencias Biológicas (ACCB) is the property of Magazine of the Colombian Association of Biological Sciences (ACCB) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Pediatría is the property of Revista Chilena de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana is the property of Cirugia Plastica Ibero-Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of De Familias y Terapias is the property of Instituto Chileno de Terapia Familiar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A taxonomic key for identification of fish species of the family Serranidae of Chile, grouped in the subfamilies Epinephelinae, Serraninae and Anthiinae is presented. Basic data about the taxonomic of the group to facilitate the identification is given. In each specific case, the geographical distribution is showed. Reduced illustrations for the currently 13 serranid species considered in the Chilean ichthyofauna are included. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (1): 247-253. Epub 2011 March 01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity, abundance and distributional pattern of freshwater fish communities in the Térraba River, south Costa Rica, were investigated from the early dry season of 2004 to early rain season of 2005. There have been no preview studies on the freshwater fish distribution in Térraba. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine fish species richness, abundance and distribution there. Fish sampling was done using a combination of gears such as gill net, fine mesh net and visual observation. Thirty three species, 26 genera and 14 families were collected in four sampling sites along the river. The number and biomass captured during the entire study was 984 individuals and 147 410.9 g respectively. Most of them are carnivorous species (48%), 33.3% are omnivorous and 12% detritivorous, and only two species are herbivorous. The most important species in relative abundance (56.5%) and biomass (53.7%) in the study area was the machaca (Brycon behreae). It should be clear that although the list of fish species that occur in Térraba River is reasonably complete, knowledge of their ichthyogeographic history patterns is superficial. The main community component was secondary freshwater species; with 17 invading brackish water species and one introduced species (tilapia O. niloticus). Nine species are reported for the first time in this river. The diversity index H` varied from 2.32 (El Brujo) to 1.67 (Coto), a similar pattern was also showed for the other indexes. Most of our results were similar to those of previous studies on freshwater fish distribution elsewhere, however no significant correlation between species distribution and environmental variables was found, and we hypothesized that the depth and water velocity and geomorphological are major environmental variables that influence the fish distribution. Our findings are opposed to the tendency, for species composition, to increase from upstream to the mouth of the river, which is probably due to two major human activities (discharge of waste of pineapple fields and sediments in the main channel). These activities could constitute in the future a real threat for the fish population and other aquatic organisms. Growth rates, competition, predation pressures, community organization, biotic versus physical factors in relation to distribution, and many other aspects of fish biology remain to be studied. Future surveys will involve more quantitative surveys in different seasons and over time to monitor the long-term variation in the diversity and abundance of freshwater fish species in Térraba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to analyze the normative aspects of temporary work companies (TWC), using as a general reference the legal context of some Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay), and particularly the Venezuelan case. Methodology was an explanatory-descriptive type of research, supported by a bibliographical review of doctrinal and legal sources as well as jurisdictional decisions. These elements permitted an analysis of the present legal situation of TWCs in Venezuela, which, on one hand, assume the character of intermediaries according to the terms of article 54 of the Statutory Labor Law, and on the other hand, are eliminated from the legal context on which they were based; in this sense, they have entered a situation of legal insecurity that directly affects the obligations and legitimate rights of employers, their temporary and permanent workers, as well as the companies that maintained legal connections with this figure, which in some ways, empowered employment in the country and fortified a labor market with greater flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers a taxonomic study of demersal fish of the National Natural Park Gorgona within its area of influence in the Colombian Pacific. Tables and details related to the diversity of families, species and the genera for the order of fishes present, and a taxonomic list including the complete scientific name for each taxon, general information about its distribution, reference to a voucher in a collection and a bibliographic reference are offered.

The aim of this work is to develop a methodology to obtain implants made of a composite material using cortical bone powder and ABS (poliacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) mix. As design variables, cortical bone powder morphology and its percentage in mix were evaluated in this first approach to produce composite biomaterials blocks for orthopaedic and dentistry applications in the future. Mechanical properties as compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity were measured in the composite. Blocks was produced by thermoforming and pressing. Our findings showed, that the chemical features of the polymers used in the mix are so important to obtain composite implants of cortical bone powder; while the quantity of bone powder has a negative effect in the mechanical properties of the blocks, the shape of the powder particles has no influence in the modulus of elasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study pursues to determine the effect of price policies applied to cereals during the last five decades in Chile, analyzing the characteristics of the policies for wheat, corn and rice. The reaction level of cereal growers facing price changes was established and the effect of price policies on the sown land in the Country was determined for three crops: wheat, corn and rice. It was estimated that in the case of wheat the hectare price elasticity was 1.4, demonstrating the sensibility of this crop to changes in prices. The results show that a wheat grower facing good prices increases his intention of farming a larger surface for this crop. In the case of corn, the price elasticity does not vary significantly, compared to the figures found in the literature. Rice has a particular behavior, given by the cultivation conditions in the Country, and the hectare price elasticity of supply, estimated at 0.05. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Ortopédica Mexicana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de Ortopedia, AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Anatomia Online is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Anatomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)