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Copyright of Medica Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the firmament, one of the most beautiful words in our vocabulary, refers to the starry sky that surrounds us. But etymologically it also refers to the stable character of all the luminaries, hence the expression "sphere of the fixed ones" was later used to refer to it. An example of the first is Miguel de Unamuno, with his poem "The Moon and the Rose". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to unpack the query of whether or not there is a historical-philosophical basis for the hypothesis of a non-random homonymy between 'time scale' and 'musical scale.' A deeper look into certain passages of Plato's dialog Timaios, shows that he first laid the foundation for the concept of time, defined as number, by incorporating the concept of 'proportion' or 'analogy' (ἀναλογία), which was developed by the Pythagoreans in the mystical and theoretical frame of the rising principles of tonal harmony. The pythagorean-platonic theory of proportion underlies -as I will try to prove- the aristotelian concept of time, and thus the traditional representation of time as a parameter and scale of movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nueva Revista del Pacífico is the property of Universidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Paraguayan teacher Manuel Riquelme published in 1936 the first edition of his Lessons of Psychology, an introductory textbook for the teaching of psychology in teacher training education. The book has an important place in the history of psychology in Paraguay for being the first one of this kind published by a Paraguayan author. The book is organized in twenty two lessons, some of them including annexed chapters. The first lesson is about consciousness and presents an annexed chapter about the history of psychology studied through the evolution of human soul. According to the author's ideas, the changes in the soul have gone through four stages, named as follows: a) the metaphysical concept, b) the biological concept, c) the anthropological concept, and d) the scientific concept. The purpose of this work is to analyze both the philosophical and conceptual postulates of this approach in the history of psychology. At the same time, we claim that it is the first general historiography textbook in the history of psychology in Paraguay and Riquelme is the first author in this field. At the end of this work, we discuss the place that should be assigned to this book in Paraguayan psychology history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article two dramatic sketches featuring Pythagoras of Samos are examined, both of which, in spite of the quite different purposes of their authors and of the intervening 18 centuries lapse of time between them, show a remarkable parallelism in the treatment of the character: this might be a result of the dependance, shared by both authors, on written traditions of much the same kind. "The philosophers of the islands", a brief masterpiece by Mexican writer and Greek scholar Alfonso Reyes taken from his work Junta de Sombras will be examined, where he depicts the philosopher of Samos in a dialog with Xenophanes. With this evocative piece by Reyes Lucian's Vitarum auctio will be compared, where Pythagoras's image --certainly a frequent source of inspiration for Lucian's satire-- shows an outspoken bookish outlook, which, disregarding Lucian's humorous vein, matches in many ways to Alfonso Reyes' 'scholarly' reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper follows the development of the conception of the cosmic soul among the earlier Presocratic thinkers: according to them, this particular function of the soul makes of it the source and support of the cosmos, insofar as it acts as an intelligent principle that brings about universal order. Especially, it will be showed how the cosmic dimension of soul exhibits a perfect parallelism to the role assigned to man's individual soul in contemporary eschatological doctrines: these viewed soul as bearer not just of life but also of every intellective function. Moreover, stress will be laid on Heraclitus' place as the Presocratic philosopher whose fragments contain the most explicit statements on soul's monopoly both of strictly psychic capacities and of rational thought, in spite of being also identified by him with the substratum of the whole world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]