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This study determines (a) which factors of the parenting context, the child and their mothers are associated with environments that differ in their home literacy environment in a Chilean low-SES sample of 53-month-old children, and (b) whether reading comprehension at second and fourth grade is predicted by the socialization in the literacy environment. First, it found that the factors of maternal educational level and cognitions and the child's task orientation and prosocial behaviour are related to the type of home literacy environment. Likewise, it found that the type of literacy environment predicts reading comprehension at age seven, with a major difference of one standard deviation between the two types of literacy environments. A similar distribution was found at age nine. This article discusses the implications of these results in informing early interventions in disadvantaged socioeconomic levels. [Translation from Spanish by Mary Black.]

In order to comfort others, children need to exhibit Theory of Mind (ToM) skills. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of ToM in association with children's spontaneous comforting behaviour in a laboratory task. Forty-seven children between 26 and 57 months of age completed three ToM tasks: diverse desires, diverse beliefs and belief-emotion. To evaluate comforting, we used a previously evaluated procedure in which an experimenter drops a tower of blocks and pretends to be upset. The results showed a significant positive relationship between children's understanding of their own and others' desires and comforting. However, no relationships were found between comforting and understanding of one's own and others' beliefs or belief-emotion. The relationship between the different ToM tasks and age was also assessed, but it was non-significant. The implications of these findings for understanding the onset of spontaneous prosocial behaviour are discussed. [Translation from English by Mercè Rius.]

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral intervention program to reduce externalizing behaviors in school environments. 99 students participated, 57 girls and 42 boys from fourth to sixth grade of primary school. It is a quantitative research, with design experiments A-B, A is the pretreatment and B is the cognitive-behavioral intervention program, manipulating the variable: externalizing behaviors. The analysis of results was: a) Visual inspection of overlap of externalizing behaviors; b) visual inspection of the trend change in the data (phases A-B). It is concluded that the intervention program was effective in reducing the externalizing behaviors evaluated, so it offers a brief intervention alternative for the reduction of externalizing behaviors in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bullying is an extreme form of violence between students in the process of school socialization. The aim of the study was to explain how prosocial behavior, empathy and moral disengagement influence the role that students assume as observers, defenders, and/or reinforcers in an hypothetical bullying situation. 1,212 students of 10 public high schools in the State of Sonora participated in the study, who were selected through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. 54.4% were women, while 45.6% were men. The average age of the total sample was 13.11 (SD = 0.99). Students responded five instruments, which were made up of the identification sheet and the variables prosocial behavior, moral disconnection, empathy and scale of observers in situations of school violence. Analysis of frequencies, comparisons with Student's t test and logistic regression analysis, found that prosocial behavior and empathy were more closely related to being the defender of the victim, while moral disconnection was related to assuming the role of encouraging aggression. These results are relevant to advance in the discussion of school violence as a group process and evidencing the need to improve intervention designs given the high prevalence of this problem at schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To understand the relationship between the use of video games according to their level of violence and empathic disposition in adolescence. Method: Quantitative approach of non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational scope. Data collection was carried out through an ad hoc questionnaire that explored the factors that make up the use of video games (α=0,951), and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index scale that evaluated the four dimensions of empathy (α=0,745). The sample consisted of n=400 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, 55,2 % male and 44,8 % female. A simple random probability sample was used. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis H-test determined that the use of excessively violent video games is a factor that generates statistically significant differences (+18; p-value = 0,001) in one dimension of empathy (Personal Malaise, PM), being higher in those who currently play these games. Discussion: PM is a construct that, at high levels, marks a tendency to avoid people who are going through adverse situations, being negatively related to prosocial behavior and altruism. In the research, adolescents who play more video games +18 are those who present a lower empathic disposition, which is congruent with other research, where it was found that the use of violent video games (VVG) reduced the levels of empathy in children and adolescents, predicting a higher frequency of violent behaviors. Likewise, regional studies suggest that VVG increases levels of anger and aggression, while reducing empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud is the property of Centro de Estudiso Avanzados en Ninez y Juventud alaianza Cinde, Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this research was to design an instrument to evaluate Justice As Virtue in organizational contexts (JCV) from the approach of Peterson and Seligman (2004) and analyze its psychometric properties. The total sample was made up of 419 employees of private organizations located in Bogotá. 68% of the participants were men between 17 and 67 years old and 32% women, between 17 and 63 years old. The initial scale was composed of 75 items and after the factor analysis was carried out, a final structure of 34 items was left that explain 49% of the variance, with a Cronbach's alpha of .931 and an Omega of .932, with the following structure: collaborative work (11 items), prosocial behavior (6 items), equanimity (6 items), integrity (7 items) and social responsibility (4 items). In conclusion, it can be stated that the JCV scale obtained adequate psychometric properties, since satisfactory indexes of construct reliability and evidence of validity of internal structure were achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica Interuniversitaria De Formación del Profesorado is the property of Asociacion Universitaria de Formacion del Profesorado (AUFOP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article offers a reflection on the construct of prosocial behavior in relation to sports practice, which has served as a tool for social transformation through the physical, psychological, and community solutions it provides. The methodology used involved the collection, synthesis, and interpretation of 54 studies, which were structured into two categories to recognize sports practices as contributors to prosocial behavior, as well as programs of this kind implemented in school and youth groups of different social, cultural, and academic backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Colombiana de Psicologia is the property of Universidad Catolica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The family plays a fundamental role both in socialization and in the configuration of values in minors and adolescents; including those related to environmental care. In keeping with this premise, Unicef (2018) announced that the sustainable development of the planet requires counting on families; it pointed them out as essential collaborators of governments for the quality of life of future generations. Considered a natural and elemental unit of all modern societies and an educational agent of the first order for the development and psychosocial adjustment of its members, the family is also a primary socialization agent (Fontana-Abad, Gil y Reyero, 2013). It plays a key role in the internalization of prosocial values, such as self-transcendence (care and universalism) and conservation (conformity, safety, and tradition); values closely related to pro-environmental behaviors (Barrera-Hernández, Sotelo, Echeverría y Tapia, 2020). Following this line, this research studies the perceptions that adolescents have about family values, parental support for autonomy, and environmental care practices, according to the 3R rule, in a triple perspective: reduce, reuse, and recycle. It uses a quantitative, descriptive, and relational methodology. The target population was high school adolescents from the city of Cuenca (Ecuador). The sample was made up of 122 adolescents which attended three schools: one private educational unit (36.1 %) and two public (27.9 % and 36.1 %). Of the respondents, 38.8 % were female and 61.2 % were male, and they all were between 15 and 19 years old (M = 16.4; SD = 1.2); 27 % were in their first year of high school (15-17 years), 44.3 % were in their second year of high school (16-18 years) and the 28.7 % were in their third year (17-19 years). Data analysis includes comparison of means, Pearson's r correlation coefficient and simple linear regression. The results indicate that a high percentage of the adolescents in the study carry out at least one of the following environmental care actions (these are organized from highest to lowest frequency): saving water and electricity consumption, using garbage cans, reusing bottles, separating garbage, and participating in actions in favor of environment. Likewise, it is detected that they perceive family as a driving agent for their development as autonomous subjects, and a promising factor for the process of integration of values and the development of competencies for caring for the environment; however, they still recognize the school as the place where their commitment to a sustainable future is most intensely forged. Additionally, the adolescents in the study perceive a high parental support for their autonomy and, likewise, that mothers attach greater importance to the value of helping others, a central axis in the ethics of care that characterizes the paradigm of sustainability. This research corroborated, once again, the ONU's (2015) position when it indicates that the family is a main agent of change for sustainability, with a decisive influence on the preservation of life and ecosystems. It endorses the relevance of promoting educational strategies that promote family-school relations in order to enhance the role of the former in the acquisition of pro-environmental values and, ultimately, its collaboration in the quality of formal education aimed at sustainability. With these results, a path is opened to improve the knowledge on the parental role in relation to the promotion of behaviors of environmental care (pro-sustainability), within the framework of adolescents' and young people's formal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The relationship between having a sibling in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (AS) and empathy was explored. We measured empathy in young people between 18 and 25 with and without AS siblings (n =35 and n=175). We used the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, which gives scores for cognitive and affective empathy. To estimate the behavioral impact of differences in empathy between groups, we evaluated whether higher empathy scores correlate with higher reporting of prosocial behaviors. It was also explored whether the traits and depressive states in the participant and the position with respect to the AS sibling affect empathy. Finally, it was evaluated whether the gender and level of the AS sibling is related to empathy. It was found that those who have an AS sibling score significantly higher on cognitive empathy than those who do not have an AS sibling, particularly on the Fantasy subscale, and not on the Perspective Taking subscale. No significant differences were found between both groups in affective empathy. It was found that higher depressive traits and higher cognitive empathy predict that the participant has an AS sibling. In addition, it was observed that greater empathy in those who have an AS sibling is not related to greater prosocial behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Alcohol consumption in adolescents is a public health problem that entails multiple health, economic, social consequences and even premature death. The objective of this study was to analyze the association of self-esteem, self-efficacy, prosocial behavior, age and sex, on alcohol consumption in school adolescents from Chihuahua, Mexico. Method. Study design was descriptive, correlational and transversal, with probabilistic sampling, the sample was 633 participants, 50.4% women and 49.6% men from four high schools. The mean age was 13.3 years (SD= .86). Results. The logistic regression models for the variables of age, sex, self-esteem, self-efficacy and prosocial behavior on alcohol consumption, showed that only self-efficacy and age were significantly associated with alcohol consumption, that is, self-efficacy was a protective factor, as it increases, the probability of alcohol consumption decreases, being more evident in younger adolescents. Conclusion. The study of protective factors is essential for interventions development that contribute to reduce or avoid alcohol consumption in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the levels of uncertainty, risk perception and fear in the population, which can be influenced by empathy. To analyze the relationship between these variables, an investigation was carried out in which 96 subjects participated who completed an online questionnaire to estimate empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index), risk perception and fear of the pandemic (questionnaire ad hoc). The results showed a mild and direct relationship between risk perception (internalized) and empathy (empathic concern); as well as a moderate and direct relationship between empathy (fantasy, empathic concern, personal discomfort) and fear of COVID-19. Furthermore, the relationship between risk perception and fear was partially mediated by empathic concern. The relationship between these variables is important because they influence adherence to preventive measures and the prevalence of affective disorders in emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Psicología (1669-2438) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is expected that in the near future robots will be increasingly involved in social roles, however, understanding how students learn empathic skills, and how technology can support this process, is an important but under-researched area in artificial intelligence. This paper analyzes the factors that contribute to the development of empathy from early childhood and the variables of robotic empathy that could help promote this learning. It has been found that social emotional artificial intelligence (SEAI) has already successfully implemented some of the human mechanisms of empathy that are present during the first years of life. The current state of SEAI research is far from achieving full empathic capacity, but it can provide useful tools to promote empathic skills, the basis of social cooperation and ethical and prosocial behavior, from childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study aimed to carry out the corroboration of the psychometric characteristics of the Prosocial Behavior Scale for Adolescents of Balabanian & Lemos (2018). A non-probabilistic snowball sample of 612 adolescent high school students from the department of Cesar, Colombia was taken. The results of the Parallel Exploratory Factor Analysis support a 2-dimensional structure of the instrument with 25 items; Likewise, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis using ULS shows the following goodness of fit indicators: CMIN/DF=2.53, IFI=.972, TLI.969, CFI=.972, GFI=.994, SRMR=.059 and RMSEA=.07. Concurrent validity is also evidenced by positive and significant correlation between the Prosocial Behavior Scale and its dimensions and the three components of an emotional intelligence measurement. Similarly, in terms of evidence of reliability, a=.915 and O=.915 were found for the entire scale; these same Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega values for each of the two dimensions of the instrument are greater than .85. It is concluded that the instrument has adequate psychometric characteristics for the measurement of prosocial behavior in the adolescent population of the Colombian Caribbean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to establish the prosociality strategies of young people disengaged from the Colombian armed conflict, as a contribution to the understanding of the psychological profile of this population for the implementation of effective intervention processes, which allow their reincorporation and adaptation to civilian life. It was found that the variables, which make up prosociality, social sensitivity, conformity to social correctness and social difficulties, present important positive and negative relationships. The alternative hypothesis showing the existence of direct relationships between social competence and prosocial behavior related to what is socially correct is confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to propose a latent equation model that structures the relationship between academic engagement, schadenfreude and prosocial behavior on the school climate. We used a cross-sectional design and 437 secondary students from Chile were recruited. School Climate Scale, Engagement UWES-S 9, School Prosocial Behavior Inventory and Schadenfreude scale were administered. Factor analysis, reliability test, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were performed to analysis data. After fitting two models for our data and contrasting them with theoretical literature, we found that school climate was affected directly by school engagement and prosocial behavior. Academic engagement positive affects, direct and indirectly, the school climate. An increase in academic engagement also lowers the levels of schadenfreude and causes an increase in the levels of prosocial behaviour. Results are discussed and possible implications are highlighted, considering limitations and suggestions that might guide practical interventions on school climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The expansion of public constructions started in the second half of the 19th century generated important economic, political, and cultural transformations in Peruvian society. Among them, it created a professional class composed of experts in the planning, execution and administration of infrastructure projects and exploitation of natural resources. This article analyzes the professionalization of engineering in Peru as part of a broader process that begins with the State’s search, with the collaboration of some sectors of civil society, to modernize production structures and form a capable leading class to lead the national modernization projects. The agency capacity of this professional sector is also considered to develop its own professionalization strategies aimed at legitimizing its discourse and its professional practice beyond the state sector. Finally, it examines how both processes previously described influenced the formation of a social concern in the engineering union, which led to the generation of technical proposals for modernization of a nationalist and pro-industrial nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moral pride is an emotion that plays an important role in the moral sphere, but has received very little attention to date. This paper reviews five studies on this emotion, with important educational implications. The first two studies focus on the motivational benefits of moral pride, while the other three analyze certain elements that may undermine it. Following the review, the paper reflects on the educational implications of the studies analyzed, highlighting both the importance of stimulating the development of this emotion in moral education, and the need to prepare children to overcome those factors which work against it. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of helping children learn to withstand the (often negative) influence of their peer group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Covid-19 pandemic has changed our way of living. One of its effects can be seen in the significant changes that it causes in our social behavior. In the case of prosocial behavior, it is interesting to see how while some citizens increase their solidarity with those at a disadvantage (donations, help for the elderly, etc.), others act selfishly, ignoring the consequences of their actions for the group (eg. hoarding essential goods). To find the relationship between donating and cultural identity, we applied the Collectivism-Individualism Instrument (INDICOL). We find that people who donated had a collectivist identity compared to those who did not. This allows us to understand that cultural identity is a relevant factor in understanding prosocial behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to operationalize the parental modeled construct of prosocial behavior for its evaluation in adolescents. 358 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old participated (M = 14.66; SD = 1.71) of both sexes, from the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Different psychometric analyzes were performed from which it was observed that All items were discriminative and with a corrected homogeneity index = .30. Internal consistency was adequate (FC = .91). The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes indicated a onedimensional structure of the test, which explained 36% of the variance. The final scale was made up of 18 items that presented adequate psychometric functioning, allowing a valid and reliable evaluation of the construct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personality dimensions and their relationship with prosocial tendencies and empathy were analyzed in 69 children and adolescents in psychosocial vulnerability (Manizales, Colombia). The Big Five questionnaire, the prosocial tendencies scale and the interpersonal reactivity index were used. Correlations (p<.05) were found between prosocial tendencies: anonymous, emergence, emotional and the dimensions of agreeableness and extraversion. Perspective taking and empathic concern were correlated with agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion. Structural equation analysis showed that agreeableness, empathic concern and emotional prosocial tendency provided a predictor effect on prosocial emergence tendency (r²=.51). Conscientiousness, extraversion, prosocial emergence and emotional prosocial tendencies predicted perspective taking (r²=.41). Extraversion, emotional prosocial tendency and perspective taking predict anonymous prosocial tendency (r²=.26). Agreeableness and conscientiousness predict empathic concern (r²=.24). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the determinants of prosocial behavior in adolescents attending school in the department of Quindío, based on the perception of parental practices and social skills. The available evidence points to a specific and causal relationship between the conditions of family dynamics and the formation of social skills for the repertoire of behaviors called prosocial. Quantitative, crosssectional approach. Predictive design. The study will use three scales: brief parental scale for adolescents, prosociality scale for adolescents and social skills scale. The results of this study will allow to broaden the knowledge about the study variables and to propitiate better models of prevention of antisocial behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bordón: Journal of Education / Revista de Pedagogía is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Pedagogia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Sociología is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aims to identify the psychoeducational needs related to Emotional Education in university teachers of Remedios, Santa Clara. It was carried out in Remedios, in the Municipal University Center through a descriptive study, with an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The sample was made up of 10 teachers, based on a non-probability sampling. The techniques used were the Emotional Comprehension Survey, the review of official documents and the semi-structured interview. Teachers have little knowledge regarding emotional education, they fail to be clear about its objectives and content, as well as how to implement it through teaching. They have some emotional competencies, with a greater need for preparation in interpersonal intelligence, manifested in the lack of listening skills and a dialogue attitude (interruptions, rush to conclude the other's dialogue), as well as a lack of appreciation for individual and group differences. As for the ability to wait their turn, it is a damaged element in prosocial behavior and assertiveness, there are difficulties in achieving a balance between aggressiveness and passivity. Regarding the life skills and wellbeing competence, the negotiation skills are more deficient, since it is difficult for them to consider the perspective of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]