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Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Peruana de Investigación Materno Perinatal is the property of Peruvian Journal of Maternal Perinatal Research / Revista Peruana de Investigacion Materno Perinatal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of QhaliKay: Revista de Ciencias de la Salud is the property of QhaliKay Revista de Ciencias de la Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of QhaliKay: Revista de Ciencias de la Salud is the property of QhaliKay Revista de Ciencias de la Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of aDResearch ESIC: International Journal of Communication Research / Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación is the property of ESIC Business & Marketing School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: the treatment of the airway is important in the care that involves the practice of the Specialist in Anesthesiology, the prior identification of the patient with an anatomically difficult airway is a priority. Objective: to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the different tests for anatomically difficult airway. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out with quantitative-qualitative methods in 3,520 patients over the age of 19 of both sexes who received endotracheal general anesthesia for elective or emergency surgery at the "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Hospital from February 2018 to February of 2019. Several predictive tests were used and applied in the immediate pre-operative period. The history of anatomically difficult airway, the presence of signs of upper airway obstruction and difficulty in mask ventilation were specified, and the degree of difficulty of laryngoscopy was determined. Results: the incidence of difficult intubation was 1%, the increase in body mass index, signs of upper airway obstruction and difficult mask ventilation were significantly related to difficult intubation. Predictive tests showed high specificity and a high negative predictive value but low sensitivity, the interdental distance revealed the highest sensitivity and the movement of the atlanto-occipital joint the highest positive predictive value. Conclusions: predictive tests revealed high specificity with low sensitivity and a directly proportional relationship between anatomically difficult airway and the number of predictive tests with positive results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the utility of the triglycerides/HDL-C index for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese 2-14 years of age children. Methods: Cross-sectional diagnostic study. We included 360 exogenous obese children (199M/161F) divided in three age groups: 2 to <6; 6 to <10 and 10-14 years. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation and the TG/HDL-C index was evaluated using two cutoffs by age group, ≥2.32 and ≥3.5. Chi squared was used accepting a p value <0.05 as statistically significant. Fir each cut-off we determined sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. Results: Frequency of MS was 15.79% in the 2 to <6 years age group; 20.25% in the 6 to<10 years age group and 19.63% in the 10-14 years age group. Among children with SM, 97.1% had low HDL and 83.8% had elevated triglycerides. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of the TG/HDL-C index in children with or without MS in all age groups. Sensitivity for all cut-offs was high (86-100%) and specificity was best for the cut-off of ≥3.5 (72-80%). Conclusions: The TG/HDL-C index is a sensitive and specific marker of MS from the first years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of the Manheim´s index in predicting mortality in patients with secondary peritonitis. Methods: A retrospective diagnostic like study was carried-out with data extracted from clinical charts. A non-probabilistic sampling of 294 patients of whom 40 had died and 254 were discharged alive after being surgically intervened from secondary peritonitis in the General Surgery service at Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrion in Huancayo was calculated using EPIDAT 4.1. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios and ROC curves and area under the ROC were calculated. Results: A Manheim´s index of ≥26 showed a sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.972, positive predictive value of 0.829 and negative predictive value of 0.976. The optimal threshold was ≥21 attaining a sensitivity of 0.975. The area under the ROC curve was 0.976. Conclusions: Manheim´s index is a good predictor of mortality among patients with secondary peritonitis, the optimal threshold was ≥21. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a kind of nutritional support indicated for patients whose clinical situation makes it impossible to cover their nutritional requirements enterally. Despite the fact that TPN is a safe and effective therapy, some complications have been described. One of the most frequent is hypertriglyceridemia. The etiology of this metabolic complication is complex and multifactorial. Objetive: The aim of this work was to determine risk factors associated with the development of hypertrilgyceridemia in adult inhospital non critical patients who carry TPN for a short term. A secondary aim was to evaluate the effect that a lipid emulsion fortified with omega-3 poliunsaturated fatty acids causes on this metabolic complication. Material and methods: This is an observational retrospective cohort study, in which adult inhospital non critical patients have been included. Only those who needed TPN during more than seven days were included. Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as plasma triglycerides levels higher than 200 mg/dl. The lipid emulsions were composed whether by a combination of 50% long-chain (LCT) and medium-chain (MCT) triglycerides or 40% LCT/50% MCT/10% omega-3. Clinical, nutritonal and biochemical parameters were included. Analitical samples were obtained before starting TPN, and weekly until withdrawal. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors of the appearance of hypertriglyceridemia. Results: One hundred and one patients were included (61.4% male). Thirty-three per cent of them developed hypertriglyceridemia. In the multivariate analysis the independent risk factors associated with the presence of hypertriglyceridemia were the initial plasmatic triglycerides levels, the body mass index (BMI) and an input of glucose in the TPN higher than 3.1 g/kg/day. The infusion of a lipid emulsion fortified with 3-omega fatty acids was associated with a nonsignificant reduction of the risk of appearance of hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion: The patient’s clinical metabolic situation, as well as the load of carbohydrates in the TPN are essential for the development of the TPN-associated hypertriglyceridemia. The administration of a lipid emulsion fortified with omega-3 fatty acids is safe, even though it was not associated with a signifi cant protective effect over the risk of appearance of this metabolic complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction :Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in the Western world. About one million of new CRC cases are diagnosed per year. The survival rate of patients with CRC changes widely, even among patients with the same tumor histology. This is possibly due to the impact of environmental factors on tumor development. The diet is the most important among these factors. It is known that nutrition can modify the risk of CRC. However, the role that nutrition plays in the risk of recurrence or survival in patients with CRC is not known with accuracy. Objetive: The objective of this review was to try to clarify this fact. Material and methods: Collecting the data obtained as of today in the epidemiological studies of association among recurrence, survival or mortality risk of CRC; and vitamins and the body mass index (BMI), to develop a series of nutritional advices to patients. Conclusions: Thanks to the studies discussed in this work, we could conclude that: BMI, retinol and vitamin D, and in some cases folic acid, at the time of disease diagnosis, operate like recurrence and survival prognosis markers in CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Currently, it is considered that the body fat accumulation at central level is associated with the presence of hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and diabetes. The body mass index (BMI) has been used to identify obesity in the general population, but can not detect the distribution of body fat, so that can be used other anthropometric measures to assess adiposity and determine their relationship with the presence of metabolic disorders that present people with excess weight. Objective: To evaluate anthropometric measurements such as waist-hip ratio (WHR), BMI and waist circumference (WC) as predictive indicators of metabolic risk factors in Mexican adults. Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 490 subjects (27-46 years), grouped by gender. All participants were determined anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters. ROC curves of anthropometric parameters were set to identify the best predictive indicator of metabolic risk. Results: The metabolic risk factor most prevalent after abdominal obesity in women was hypertriglyceridemia, followed by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and high blood pressure, which are found most often in men than in women, although the presence of abdominal obesity was found most frequently in women (73.9% vs.37.3%). WC was the best predictive indicator to have one or more metabolic risk factors [area under the curve AUC = 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92)], followed by the BMI [AUC = 0.79 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.88)], and finally the WHC [AUC = 0.63 (95% CI, 0.52 to 0.74)]. Also shows that abdominal obesity duplicate the risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Waist circumference is a better indicator of metabolic risk in both genders compared with BMI and the WHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The use of reliable, valid and precise skinfold calipers are key for an adequate anthropometric evaluation and corporal composition analysis. Objective: To compare five models of skinfold calipers -Prime Vision (PV); Harpenden (HP); Sanny (SN); Cescorf (CE); Lange (LA)-. Materials and methods:Thirty-five men (age = 21.5 ± 2.7 y; body mass 72.2 ± 8.0 kg; height 1.76 ± 0.06 m) were recruited and skinfolds (i.e.,triceps, biceps, subscapular, pectoral, mid-axillary, suprailiac, abdominal, mid-tight, mid-calf) were measured. Four body fat predictive equations (Durnin y Wimberley; Pollock 3DC; Pollock 7DC; Petroski) were used. Normality assumption for all data was verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Predicted body density and fat were compared between skinfold calipers using a two-way ANOVA, with Scheffe post hoc procedures. The αlevel was set at p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance. Results: No significant differences were observed between skinfold calipers for predicted body density or body fat. Conclusion: Skinfold calipers compared in this study are precise and efficient to quantify and assess body density and body fat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: weight and height measurements are important data for the nutritional assessment of elderly people and the implementation of the nutritional care process. Malnutrition is common in this population, who has high rates of disability that difficult to measurement this variables.Objective: evaluate the validity of predictive equations for weight and height that include body circumferences created for brazilian population, in mexican elderly people.Methods: this is a comparative, observational, prospective and cross-sectional study, 61 elderly were evaluated. Body weight, height, half span, calf, arm and abdominal circumferences were determinated. Weight and height were estimated with de predictive equations published by Rabito et al. Bland-Altman analysis and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient were used to assess the levels of agreement between the estimated and the measured values. The level of statistical significance was p < 0.05.Results: the age mean was 78.7 ± 8.7 and 55.7% were females. The weight mean was 61.9 ± 14.1 kg, height mean was 155.4 ± 9.5 cm and Body Mass Index (BMI) mean corresponded to 25.5 ± 5.1 kg/m. The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the 95% confidence interval (95% IC) limits for the difference between real and estimated weight ranged from -14.3 kg to 8.1 kg, the mean of the difference or systematic error (SE) was -3.1 kg, we observed an statistically significant coefficient of 0.12 (p < 0.03). The 95% IC limits for the difference between real and estimated height ranged from -11.1 to 15.9 cm, the diffe rence mean or SE of 2.4 cm, we observed a coefficient of -0.04 (p = 0.67) . Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.72 (p < 0.00) and 0.88 (p < 0.00) were obtained for weight and height, respectively.Conclusion: the equations developed by Rabito showed a good agreement when compared with the actual weight and height of elderly people. We observed variations in the estimated weight in obesity elderlys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An experiment on human predictive learning investigated whether a visual stimulus composed of 2 elements is processed as a whole (configural processing) or as the aggregation of its elements (elemental processing). The experiment was conducted by means of a computer game in which the participants have to learn that certain microorganisms (cues) composed of 2 visual features (elements) produced an allergic reaction in fictitious animals. A total of 38 college students learned that 2 microorganisms cause allergy (positive cues) and 2 microorganisms do not (negative cues). Subsequently, the predictive value that participants assigned to a new microorganism composed of one element of each positive cue and to a new microorganism composed of one element of each negative cue was examined. The results indicated that the predictive ratings of the new cues were similar to those of their respective learned cues when the dimensions were perceptually separable (size and angle), indicating elemental processing, but not when they were integral (brightness and saturation), indicating configural processing. These results support the hypothesis that stimulus characteristics determine the type of processing in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify factors that predicts post-surgery recovery of craniectomy with acute subdural hematoma patient. Material and methods: we included 12 patients diagnosed with acute subdural hematoma; data such as the patient's agein years, sex, pupil size, level of consciousness, hematoma size in milliliters and the time it took toun dergo surgery were considered. Measures were used of central tendency, frequencies, percentages and the Wald- statistic logistic regression model. Results: 33% of patients studied achieved afavorable recovery after craniectomy. The factors of age, sex, pupil size, the waiting time for performing the craniectomy, the size of the hematoma and Glasgow Coma Scaleare not consideredas predictors ofrecovery post-surgery for craniectomy patients with acute subdural hematoma. Conclusions: 33% of the studied population hada favorable recovery after being surgic ally intervened. Further more there are no factors to predict recovery in patients following subdural hematoma. For future studies other variables such as the mechanismo finjury, subsequent events following hematoma and toin crease the study population as well as, should be considered as for now only limited data from patients whounder went surgery within the first quarter was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El sueño durante la niñez y adolescencia participa en el crecimiento y el desarrollo físico y mental de la persona. Hay evidencia científica de que la obesidad es factor de riesgo para la apnea del sueño. En el Hospital de Baza se crea una consulta de enfermería para control y educación de niños y adolescentes obesos. Objetivo: Identificar factores predictores de aparición de apnea del sueño en niños y adolescentes obesos y realizar intervenciones individualizadas. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en distintas bases de datos (PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Lilacs, Cochrane y Scielo), buscando factores predictores de apnea del sueño en niños y adolescentes obesos, así como evidencias sobre datos necesarios para identificarlos y evitar sus complicaciones. Se seleccionaron 27 artículos de un total de 59 encontrados. Se elabora un programa de intervenciones enfermeras para evitar la aparición del síndrome de apnea del sueño y controlarlo cuando este ya es real. Resultados: Se elabora una guía para los profesionales basada en evidencia científica, con los factores predictores y las intervenciones a realizar en cada caso. Se diseña una base de datos para registro de anamnesis, pruebas antropométricas y preguntas complementarias que permitan identificar factores de riesgo en cada caso. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones de enfermería en niños y adolescentes obesos para identificar signos y síntomas predictores de la aparición de apnea del sueño y controlarlos cuando estos ya han aparecido, permite evitar riesgos y favorece la seguridad de los pacientes atendidos en la consulta de enfermería. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]