Search

In this study, thermodynamic strategies are determined for the energy conversion of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) in incineration plants under sub-stoichiometric conditions. Energy generation from MSW is an alternative to mitigate the environmental impacts derived by their final disposal, being the production rate of MSW in Medellin city (Colombia) of about 1800 ton/day. The analysis is conducted by means of a thermochemical equilibrium model of the gasification process, where the effect of moisture content and fuelair equivalence ratio on the thermochemical process is studied. The energy potential of MSW from the city is between 28 and 44 MWe. The thermodynamic strategies for energy recovery from MSW in incineration plants at sub-stoichiometric conditions, under auto-thermal regimens and avoiding ash fusion, establish that the process must be carried out with a fuel-air equivalence ratio between 1.5 and 3.3, regardless of the moisture content of the MSW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economía Institucional is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The technical, energy, social and environmental benefits of the integration of commercial forest crops in Colombia under biorefinery concepts are evaluated. This concept is part of various programs use of biomass as an alternative source to the silvicultural potential of the country. In this paper we review some specific processes that can be evaluated as integration strategies with high potential to use the wood planted in Colombia under biorefinery concepts. The processes considered are low-middle power gasification, industrial scale gasification to high quality biofuel production, wood pretreatment to improve the solid biofuel and alternative methods for biochar production. Finally, we also review the value-added wood products market. To conclude we highlight the potential of Colombian forest in this industry, Through strategic alliances between universities, research centers and the forestry sector, more efficient and innovative development of new valueadded products should be sought, taking advantage of the unexplored market opportunities in Colombia for bioenergy and bioproducts. This review aims to advance knowledge on the features and possible uses of forest species to produce bioenergy, biofuels, and bioproducts sustainably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work is presented a repeatability study applied to a cookstove based on wood pellets gasification (19.03 MJ/kg). The analysis is carried out under a modified water boiling test (WBT 4.2.3). The repeatability of the gasification-based cookstove was assessed by means of two methodologies, such as the variation coefficient (CV, %) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The answer variables evaluated under repeatability were the efficiency (η, %), power (P, kW), fuel consumption (FC, g/min), fuel specific consumption (SFC, g/L), energy specific consumption (SFEC, kJ/L), and energy specific consumption per unit time (SFCT, kJ/L-min). By the CV analysis, the global average CV was 4.69% ± 0.87%. Therefore, as CV ≤ 5%, it is concluded that the gasification based cookstove is statistically repeatable. Concerning the ANOVA, the P-values of the variables studied were higher than 0.05 (P>0.05), thereby, it is stated that the improved cookstove is repeatable with a confidence level of 95%. Consequently, it is highlighted that the average thermal efficiency reached by the cookstove is ~29% ± 2.25%, with a confidence level of 95%. This thermal efficiency value is comparable with other biomass cookstoves based on gasification reported in the literature with values between 16 and 38%. The methodology and the results of this work constitute a theoretical foundation for assessing future developments of biomass cookstoves since the results reliability found in the prototypes tested at the laboratory level can be quantified and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biochar is the product from the decomposition of biomass, whose physicochemical characteristics are associated with its origin and the combustion method used. Among these properties, the surface area, the formation of macro and micropores, and the presence of functional groups are highlighted. Due to these characteristics, biochar becomes an alternative material with a high adsorption capacity for toxic compounds contained in polluted wastewater. This work provides information on the biochar generation mechanisms and how they interfere with its physicochemical characteristics. Likewise, the parameters involved in the pollutant removal processes are described, and the treatments under which the biochar can be subjected for its adsorption capacity to be improved are mentioned. Finally, the possible uses or the suitable final disposition that the biochar must have in order to contribute to the circular economy strategy are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the effects of the tax incentives of the Law 1715 of 2014 (Colombian law of renewable energies) on the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of cogeneration plants using forest biomass in the Antioquia Department are analyzed. Generation technologies such as Gasification, Combustion and Rankine Organic Cycle (ORC) were considered based on the energy potential of the forest biomass crops. Three study cases were carried out: 1) LCOE without tax incentives, 2) LCOE with tax incentives, and 3) LCOE with tax incentives considering ten years for assets depreciation. On the other hand, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate how the LCOE is affected due to changes in the forest biomass cost, the technology cost, the minimum acceptable return rate and the grace period on credits to finance the cogeneration plants. Finally, the results show that the LCOE with the ORC (13,2 ¢U$/kWeh) is the case with the greatest reduction (11,2%), when the incentives of Law 1715 of 2014 with assets depreciation at 10 years, financing the 50% of the initial investment and grace period for 5 years are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]