Search

Oncological emergencies are common complications resulting from the natural evolution of the tumor or its management; however, some of them may be subtle or even overlooked, which contributes to greater morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to gather updated information on the main oncological complications. A narrative literature review was performed by searching for original articles, systematic reviews and narratives, in databases such as Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect and in the Google Scholar search engine. 63 references were selected that addressed relevant information about the oncological emergencies raised for the development of the article. According to their origin, complications can be classified into infectious (febrile neutropenia), metabolic (tumor lysis syndrome and malignant hypercalcemia) and obstructive (superior vena cava syndrome, intestinal obstruction, spinal cord compression and cardiac tamponade). Facing these complications requires a high level of suspicion; the physician must be able to resolve each complication and have the necessary knowledge to approach each case, with a rational use of diagnostic resources. It is also necessary to adopt therapeutic measures that positively impact patients. patient prognosis, decreasing morbidity and death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. An intestinal obstruction due to intraluminal blood clots is a postoperative complication that is infrequently reported in literature. We reported the case of a patient with an intestinal obstruction due to postoperative intraluminal blood clots from a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Clinical Case: A 53-year-old male patient appeared with recurring cholangitis secondary to a benign stenosis of the bile duct after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed 2 years prior. Treatment with an endoprosthesis by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) did not improve cholangitis episodes, for which reason transition to reconstruction by hepaticojejunostomy was considered. He showed signs of intestinal obstruction during early postoperative care. The computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen with contrast showed free fluid and signs of obstruction. The patient was taken to an emergency surgery, where the Roux-en-Y anastomosis was found to be obstructed by a large intraluminal blood clot. It required an enterotomy to be extracted. Discussion: A postoperative intestinal obstruction secondary to intraluminal blood clots is unusual, but must be suspected in patients with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. The ideal method for diagnosis is by tomography and treatment involves a relaparotomy to extract the blood clots. It is important for doctors to have knowledge of this condition, since it is a rare complication that requires good diagnostic insight and timely treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]