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Copyright of 3C Empresa is the property of Area de Innovacion y Desarrollo, SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Educación en Ingeniería is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Facultades de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Almost one fourth of the energy consumed in the U.S. comes from imported oil and only 6% is produced from renewable sources despite the fact that the U.S. is responsible for 20% of the global pollution with barely 4% of the world population. Biofuels are a promising source of renewable energy for the United States and the rest of the world, with favorable energy and environmental balances. If price conditions are adequate for the basic input producers, biofuels will have an important social impact, as well. Colombia has the possibility to participate in the national and international biofuel substitution markets for gasoline and diesel with ethanol and biodiesel, respectively. Oil Palm, Sugar Cane and Yuca, are the raw materials with the best potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article estimates the medium value of the contaminant emission in the Central Termoenergética. The study uses the mixture of the national oil in the decade of 90 employing the statistic estimation of the characteristic parameters this oil reported in the literature. It also seeks to obtain specific indices to the contamination emission of this oil and the economic effect of this emission.

El artículo discute las implicaciones a largo plazo para Canadá de una reducción permanente del precio mundial del petróleo. Durante los años setenta, el precio de petróleo ha subió a causa de la oferta por los países miembros de la Organización de países exportadores de petróleo (OPEP). En Canadá, estos efectos han sido tremendos a causa del nivel de petróleo consumido en el país.