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Objectives: To determine the incidence of neuropathic pain after endodontic treatment with follow-up at 6 months. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational clinical study that was carried out on patients who underwent endodontic treatment or retreatment carried out in the Master of Endodontics at the International University of Catalonia (UIC) from January 2022 to December 2022. After the treatment, a six-month follow-up was carried out, determining the presence of persistent pain, and whether the cause was of non-odontogenic origin, through anamnesis and physical examination carried out in the Department of Craniomandibular Dysfunction and Orofacial Pain of the Faculty of Dentistry. Results: A total of 231 treatments were obtained, obtaining a 53% response via telephone call. A descriptive analysis of the results was done, there were 88 patients who did not present pain after 6 months of endodontic treatment (72%); while 35 patients reported pain (28%). 9% of the cases with pain were caused by endodontic failure, in 74% the cause was due to involvement of another tooth and 11% due to periodontal reasons. It was estimated that 1.5% of treated patients had failed endodontic treatments at 6 months of follow-up. The causes of persistent pain were periodontal problems, such as food packaging, dentin hypersensitivity or pulpal origin associated with another tooth. Conclusions: After 6 months of follow-up, no patient presented neuropathic origin pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: COVID-19 has caused many deaths on the planet. To date we do not know its long-term impact. Conversion of hospital centers and home reclusion impacted those with a disease. Currently, the presence of pain has been identified as a chronic complication of COVID-19. Objective: to document the impact of COVID-19 on patients with pain and its chronicity. Material and methods: literature search in the PubMed database for documents that contained the words «COVID», «SARS-CoV», «Pain» in the title. No metaanalyses were identified. We found systematized and documentary reviews on which we based our information. Conclusions: COVID-19 presents chronic pain as a long-term manifestation. It is advisable to generate lines of research aimed at documenting this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus, especially in low-income countries, poses challenges to healthcare systems. Diabetic foot, a serious and preventable complication, results in high healthcare costs. Patient and family education, along with a structured care approach, reduces rates of ulceration, infection, and amputation in individuals with diabetes. This study evaluates the impact of diabetic foot on patients with diabetes mellitus from a Health Benefit Plan Administrator and proposes an educational model for its prevention. Methodology: Retrospective observational study analyzing patients with diabetes mellitus registered in a specific software, excluding those with other chronic diseases. Computer tools were used to identify cases of diabetic neuropathy, hospitalizations, and amputations due to diabetic foot, collecting data from 2020 and 2021 to analyze prevalence and incidence rates. A validated survey was designed to assess foot care in patients with diabetes mellitus. Results: These indicate a significant prevalence and incidence of diabetic foot complications in the studied patient cohort, with only 1.4% affected by diabetic neuropathy. An increase in the amputation rate was observed between 2020 and 2021 due to diabetic foot and its complications, accounting for 90% of hospitalizations among DM patients. The survey revealed symptoms related to diabetic foot in 70% of patients, emphasizing the need for early detection. The use of social marketing strategies is suggested to implement educational programs that reduce complications and improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with a high burden of morbidity and a significant increase in mortality. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy can manifest through a wide spectrum of alterations, ranging from resting tachycardia to exercise intolerance, and the presence of silent ischemia. The treatment of this complication varies, as there are many factors involved in both its genesis and control; therefore, various strategies have been sought to affect its course. Exercise is considered a first-line strategy for the management of diabetes mellitus and its usefulness in the prevention and management of CAN has also been proven, reducing its incidence and progression over time. In order to safely and effectively prescribe exercise in patients with CAN, healthcare providers need to understand the pathophysiology of the disease, its clinical manifestations and their behavior during exercise, to be able to structure an individualized program for the patients. A database literature search was carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus using the MESH terms diabetic neuropathies + diabetes mellitus + exercise therapy, where it was determined that performing moderate aerobic exercise decreases the incidence and progression of CAN, favors the control of symptoms and is associated with a decrease mortality risk. Other types of exercise such as strength training and high intensity intermittent training have also shown improvement; never the less there is still limited evidence regarding their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of INSPILIP. Revista Ecuatoriana de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovacion en Salud Pública is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigacion en Salud Publica (INSPI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Trench foot is considered the most common non-combat related military injury and we have known of its existance since Napoleon's time. However, this vasoneuropathy remains a poorly understood condition and, therefore, a diagnostic challenge. With the report of 2 clinical cases treated in our hospital during Filomena storm, which occurred in Spain in January 2021, with Madrid as one of the most affected areas, we intend to contribute a little more knowledge, in order to improve cases identification and the correct management that, surely will improve our patients prognosis, without forgetting preventive measures. In our experience, a rigorous diagnostic study (vascular and electroneurophysiological) and a vasodilatador treatment with sciatic popliteal block, 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors and dihydropyridine calcium antagonists have been decisive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occasionally the scapular notch can be replaced by a bony foramen product of the ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament. This bone formation is considered a precipitating factor for compression of the suprascapular nerve. One hundred and ninety-five adult scapulae from Colombian (114 scapulae) and Chilean (81 scapulae) university osteotheques were studied macroscopically to determine the presence of a bony scapular foramen. Both scapulae of the same Colombian individual (1.75% of the total) presented the scapular foramen and one left scapula (1.23%) presented this formation in a Chilean individual. The prevalence of ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament is highly variable in the different studies and tends to be less than 10%; however, it can become a risk factor due to entrapment or compression of the suprascapular nerve, a fact known as suprascapular neuropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galicia Clínica is the property of Sociedad Gallega de Medicina Interna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by flaccid, areflexic, ascending and symmetrical paralysis, which may have an infectious origin. It has recently been associated with COVID-19. Case presentation: Two pediatric patients with GBS and in whom COVID-19 was diagnosed by PCR are described. In both patients, the diagnosis of GBS was confirmed by neuroconduction studies. Both received treatment with immunoglobulin and had complete resolution of the neurological symptoms. Conclusions: Given that GBS can occur in pediatric patients with COVID-19, both conditions should be suspected in patients with clinical data similar to the cases reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a set of neuropathies characterized by progressive motor weakness, decrease and absence of deep reflexes which is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis in first and second level care hospitals in Mexico. Case report: We present a 22-year-old male patient who began his condition with weakness of the lower limbs (0/5 Daniels) and upper limbs (2/5 Daniels), with a history of respiratory condition 2 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. The cytochemistry CSF showed albuminocytologic dissociation and the electrophysiological test a demyelizing and motor polyradiculoneuropathy. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin was started showing good response continued with rehabilitation therapy until it was decided to discharge for presenting evident clinical improvement. Conclusion: multidisciplinary management and rapid care in patients with Guillain-Barré síndrome, it helps in a notorious way to his rapid recovery, avoiding sequelae of the disease in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic foot is a chronic complication of diabetes that consists of lesions in the deep tissues of the lower extremities, neurological disorders and peripheral vascular disease. It is one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization of people with diabetes and the main cause of non-traumatic amputations. Its main pathophysiological mechanisms are related to diabetic neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease that condition the deformity and higher risk of injury from trauma. The monofilament test as well as the brachial ankle index are useful tests for the early diagnosis of neuropathy and occlusive arterial disease. In addition, both infection and ischemia increase the risk of complications and amputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: la incidencia estimada de tumores malignos de hueso es de 5‚5 por cada 10000 individuos‚ de este grupo‚ el osteosarcoma representa cerca del 85 % de los casos. Los osteosarcomas‚ se clasifican según su origen en central‚ periosteal y paraosteal‚ la frecuencia de presentación más común es en el esqueleto apendicular y en menor proporción el esqueleto axial; aspectos que repercuten tanto ortopédica como clínicamente. Objetivo: reportar el caso de un osteosarcoma osteoblástico periosteal en vertebras torácicas con invasión medular. Métodos: canino‚ 7 años‚ pastor belga‚ con signos de torticolis‚ paresia progresiva y evidencia de una masa sobre la región cervical y torácica. Dado el mal pronóstico se decide realizar la eutanasia y estudio de necropsia. Resultados: se encontró una masa nodular en región dorsolateral de la musculatura‚ dispuesta sobre las primeras vértebras torácicas T2-T5; de aproximadamente 18 x 10 cm; al corte‚ presencia de invasión del canal medular y compresión de la médula espinal; 90 % aprox. en vertebras T3-T4 y 70 % en T4-T5. Histológicamente se observó una proliferación neoplásica de origen mesenquimal‚ crecimiento expansivo e invasivo‚ no encapsulada‚ se organiza a modo de hebras y trabéculas irregulares de diferentes calibres‚ en focos incompletas alrededor de osteoblastos malignos; múltiples focos con formación de matriz osteoide. Células fusiformes‚ algunas amorfas‚ citoplasma eosinofílico‚ algunas células con vacuolización intracitoplasmática‚ anisocitosis y pleomorfismo celular severo. Núcleos: ovalados‚ circulares‚ irregulares‚ cromatina vacuolada‚ laxa y granular‚ algunos núcleos con cromatina hipercromática y condensada‚ prominencia nucleolar de dos o más nucléolos‚ anisocariosis y pleomorfismo nuclear severo‚ algunas células multinucleadas. Mitosis: 10 en 10 HPF. Conclusión: osteosarcoma primario periosteal del esqueleto axial con compromiso intramedular; esta es una presentación poco frecuente‚ documentar este caso es necesario para contribuir junto con otros reportes‚ en la identificación de su prevalencia y grado de agresividad cuando afecta la región del cuello en caninos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the neurological symptoms and signs in SARS-CoV2 infection. Acquisition of evidence: A bibliographic search was carried out, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, in PubMed and LILACs databases. One hundred fourteen articles published from January 2020 to July 2, 2020 were selected, which addressed the clinical manifestations and neurological complications in SARSCoV2 infection. The search terms were COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, CoV-2, in combination with the terms nervous system, neurological manifestations, neurological symptoms, neuro-psychiatric symptoms, neurological damage, demyelination, neurological complications, encephalopathy, disease cerebrovascular, and encephalitis. Results: Neurological symptoms and signs are frequent in patients with COVID-19. The clinical manifestations of the central nervous system, musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system are observed in both COVID-19, severe and non-severe forms. Headache, taste and smell alterations, and myalgias are referred to in the non-severe and severe forms of the disease. Disorders of consciousness, delirium, and pyramidal signs are characteristic of severe COVID-19. In the advanced phase of the disease, symptoms compatible with peripheral nerve involvement, dysautonomia, and myopathies are exhibited. Conclusions: The current epidemiological panorama requires that attending physicians be aware of the wide spectrum of neurological symptoms and signs of COVID19 for early diagnosis of the disease and complications. The inclusion of neurological practice in the diagnostic-therapeutic protocols allows optimizing the care of patients with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CES Odontología is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia, Tecnología y Salud is the property of Ciencia, Tecnologia y Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus often presents complications including peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs. This is a micro-vascular complication, altering the quality of life and increasing the morbidity and mortality of those who suffer from it. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 323 patients. This was calculated with 95% confidence, 30% prevalence of obesity, 5% inference error, infinite population, and they entered the study sequentially. The diagnosis of neuropathy was made with the DN4 questionnaire. Data were collected directly. Results: The prevalence of neuropathy was 44,0% (95% CI 35,8-52,2); in women 49,3%, in men 34,0%; in children under 40 years 0%; between 40-64 years 42,6% and those over 64 years 48,3%, Conclusions: The prevalence of neuropathy was higher than the 30% stated in the hypothesis, and was associated with the time of evolution of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The ulnar tunnel syndrome is the second compressive neuropathy, followed by the carpal tunnel, making it a frequent reference in hand surgery. There are few published studies about endoscopic technique. Material and methods: We studied 26 patients with ulnar tunnel syndrome diagnosis, were operated by endoscopic release of the ulnar tunnel. Nine women (35%) and 17 (65%) male patients. We used the modified McGowan, and the Wilson and Krout classification to analyze preoperative and postoperative variables. Results: After endoscopic decompression we obtained 18 patients (69%) with excellent evolution, 6 (24%) with good evolution, and 2 (7%) with acceptable outcome. We obtained a significant p of < 0.05. Conclusion: Endoscopic decompression of the ulnar tunnel is a safe technique, less invasive and with good outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fibromyalgia suffers from pain frequently reported in women of reproductive age. A method to evaluate the sympathetic fibers in peripheral neuropathies, is the evaluation of the sympathetic response of the skin. Objective: Search association between small fiber neuropathy and fibromyalgia, in patients treated at the Hospital Central Militar. Material and methods: Pilot study, population-35 patients; A sympathetic skin response study was performed, reported as present-absent. Inferential statistical analysis using relative risk and moment ratio. Results: For analysis: two groups, control group-20 patients, group with fibromyalgia - 15 patients. Group with fibromyalgiawomen 100% (n = 15), control group 60% (n = 12) women and 40% (n = 8) men; distribution by age, control group between 29-38 years and fibromyalgia group between 39-48 years; noting that people with fibromyalgia lack sympathetic skin response 0.2 times more than people who do not have fibromyalgia, the possibility that patients with fibromyalgia have small fiber neuropathy in 3%. Conclusions: An association was found between small fiber neuropathy and fibromyalgia, as reported in the international literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Bruns Garland syndrome (diabetic amyotrophy) it is a very rare condition, with few cases reported in the literature. Clinical diff erentiation of diabetic amyotrophy or cauda equine syndrome may be difficult. The issue of misdiagnosis has been discussed as a reason for poor outcome after lumbar spine surgery. We report a case of diabetic amyotrophy that mimics a cauda equina syndrome. Case description: A 59 years old man diabetic patient that suddenly begins with weakness of lower extremities and loss of sphincters control. The patient was seen in the emergency room, the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the lumbosacral spine evidenced spondylolisthesis L5-S1 level II of Meyerding. However, the MRI show no vertebral canal compression, nerve root compression or disc extrusion. Electrodiagnostic study revealed diabetic amyotrophy (Bruns Garland syndrome). The patient rapidly improves with treatment based in antineuritics, diabetes control, physical therapy and rehabilitation. Four months after the diagnosis he recover his muscle strength, has no alterations in the march, no loss of balance, his sensitive is preserved and has no pain. Conclusion: Electrodiagnostic and radiologic studies should be used in every diabetic patient presenting with leg pain and/or weakness to diff erentiate diabetic neuropathy from cauda equina syndrome. Treatment of both diseases may be needed for relief of the patient's pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The primary Sjögren syndrome (PSS) implies a number of extraglandular manifestations, the prevalence of neurological manifestations is variable. Previous studies suggest that anti-SSA and anti-SSB are associated with involvement of the CNS, but those results are controversial. Objective: To test whether a difference exists in levels of anti-SSA and anti-SSB in PSS with or without extraglandular manifestations. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We examined the clinical value of anti-SSA and anti- SSB in 182 patients at the time of PSS diagnosis. We documented if they developed a neurological manifestation attributable to PSS. We then compared the level of antibodies between patients with and without neurological manifestations developed during clinical evolution. Results: We included 182 patients, 94.5% women, aged 60 ± 15.3 years. We found 48 patients (26.3%) with a neurological complication, the most common was axonal distal sensory-motor polyneuropathy and only three patients had CNS implication. There were no differences in the level of antibodies in patients with and without neurological manifestations. We found that anti- SSB levels were significantly higher in patients with other type of extraglandular manifestations (p=0.03). Conclusions: We found no difference in antibodies levels between patients with or without neurological complications, attributable in part to the low prevalence of neurological manifestations and the retrospective nature of our work. Our observations form the basis for studying the role of antibodies in the genesis of the extraglandular manifestations of SSP in our population. Ethnicity may play an important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charcot arthropathy is defined as an articular degenerative, chronic, progressive disease that affects one or more peripheral joints, develops as a result of a failure in the normal sensory perception (pain and proprioception) in the innervation of joints located in the foot and ankle, is characterized by destructive bone lesions without the presence of infection. Neuropathy is directly associated with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Surgery is indicated when there is severe involvement of soft tissue, foot joints are unstable, at the presence of chronic or recurrent ulcers or when the foot and ankle can not fit to a normal shoe, and had limitation to perform activities of daily living. Material and methods: Design: observational, prospective, transversal, descriptive. Sample: patients diagnosed with Charcot neuropathy type 3a of Brodsky. Surgically treated by ankle arthrodesis with an intramedullary blocked nail, from January 2010 to August 2015. Results: 16 patients were analyzed. Preoperative AOFAS score was 35.0 ± 5.2 points. Postoperative follow-up period of 4 years to 7 months. Postoperative AOFAS scale showed an improvement of 40 points (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The proposed treatment allows bone stabilization, resulting in a full foot plantar support and decreases the occurrence of chronic ulcers that are difficult to treat, and is an alternative method that avoids lead to amputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mononeuropathy that affects the sciatic nerve is called pyramidal syndrome and is usually caused by the entrapment of the sciatic nerve trunk of the pyramidal muscle or other local structures such as the sciatic notch. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, with the treatment of choice being conservative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term "compression neuropathy" includes physiological, functional and structural alterations in the nerves caused by a chronic compression process, and they are located in certain areas of the anatomy. The mononeuropathy that affects the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is called meralgia paresthetica and is the second mononeuropathy entrapment most frequent of the inferior member. It is usually caused by entrapment of the nerve between the inguinal ligament and the anterior superior iliac spine, for different reasons. The diagnosis is basically clinical, with the treatment of choice being conservative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sequel of supracondylar fractures of distal humerus in children is the angular deformity. It is usually more frequent cubitus varus, but there are reported cases of cubitus valgus. The latter may be the cause of the occurrence of a late ulnar nerve neuropathy, which will require treatment. There is controversy as to whether it is possible to successfully treat both problems at the same surgical procedure. This article describes the case of a girl of 11 years old, who has a cubitus valgus deformity secondary to supracondylar fracture of distal humerus of right elbow at the age of seven years, associated with progressive symptoms of ulnar nerve neuropathy. This patient was treated successfully by a single procedure for corrective dome-shaped supracondilar osteotomy associated with subcutaneous anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve through a posterior approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is defined as an extrinsic and/or intrinsic compressive neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve or one of its branches. Its causes include venous insufficiency. Clinical case: 51 year-old female patient from León, Guanajuato. Hypertensive, with Guillain-Barré syndrome for eight years, vascular insufficiency and obesity. Her condition started with left ankle and heel pain; she was treated with NSAIDs and rehabilitation and achieved partial improvement. X-rays and MRI of the left ankle showed posterior impingement. She underwent arthrosco-py and improved but one month later she presented with severe pain in the left ankle and sole and dysesthesias. Electromyography showed a lesion of the posterior tibial nerve. We had the patient's case history, preoperative tests, and dorsoplantar and lateral X-ray views. The arthroscopic diagnosis was Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL) tendinitis, synovitis and posterior ankle impingement. Syno-vectomy, decompression and smoothening of the FHL tendon were performed. The patient did poorly and underwent electromyography with axonotmesis of the medial plantar branch. After the nerve was released, Lazorthes venous plexus was found to be tortuous and compressing the entire nerve tract. The possible causes for this include intrinsic compression secondary to tumors, and anatomical changes of the tarsal tunnel. However, less often varices may confound the diagnosis and cause irreversible damage if not treated timely. The patient is currently pain free and can walk, has mild dys-esthesias of the first toe and limited flexion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy, or Guillain-Barre syndrome, is a progressive autoimmune disease manifested secondary to a viral infectious process in almost 60% to 70% of cases, with spontaneous recovery, that is characterized by muscle weakness, motor and symmetric paralysis, with or without lost of sensitivity that may be accompanied by autonomic disorders. In the acute motor axonal neuropathy variant (AMAN), lesion affects nerve terminals, there is axonal neuropathy mediated by macrophages, blockage of ion channels in the axolema and the lymphocitary infiltration may be limited or null. This paper reports the case of a 40-year-old male patient with this axonal variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first description of tarsal tunnel is attributed to Richter in 1897, in 1932 Pollock and Davis described the syndrome for the first time, in 1960 Kopell and Thompson described the clinical features of tarsal tunnel syndrome; and in 1962 Charles Keck described tarsal tunnel syndrome in a detailed manner with clinical cases. We present the case of a 61 year old female patient who presented symptoms in 2010, she had intermittent talalgia that increased gradually, six months later pain is constant and limiting gait, EVA is 6/10, she is diagnosed with plantar fasciitis and is referred to physiotherapy with no improvement after two months of treatment. The plantar fascia ultrasound reports thickening with micro tears in the heel bone attachment, we infiltrated the plantar fascia with platelet rich plasma with no improvement, two months later she has shock wave sessions with no changes observed. We reassess the case and make the diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome clinically and with electromyography and in 2011 we infiltrate a steroid with local anesthesia with temporary improvement. In 2012, we found an EVA of 7/10 and an AOFAS of 54 points, we perform surgery and the intraoperative finding is a varicose vein that decreased the caliber of the tarsal tunnel compressing adjacent structures. The clinical case is presented and we reviewed tarsal tunnel syndrome in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic foot represents one of the most common complications in patients with a long standing disease. The etiology is neuropathy, infections and ischemia that together contribute to the sequence of tissue necrosis, ulceration and gangrene. Since treatment is very difficult, we must look for several options to solve these problems caused by chronic hyperglycemia. Thiamine pyrophosphate or carboxylase perform multiple metabolic and non-metabolic activities that are considered important in the resolution of diabetic impairments, therefore, this work shows the results when using it in patients with diabetic foot. 29 patients with diabetic foot were treated between January 1998 and July 2012: 19 Wagner type III and 12 Wagner type IV. Management was the administration of antibiotics, partial surgical procedures and thiamine pyrophosphate. The infectious process was controlled, the appearance of granulation tissue and scarring of the lesion in a period of 2 to 6 months depending on the severity of the problem. Given the clinical data and evolution of the patients, we conclude that the administration of thiamine pyrophosphate was able to control metabolic and non-metabolic dysfunctions that lead to complications in diabetic patients, therefore we must consider it a tool in the treatment of diabetic patients in general and for diabetic foot salvage in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most frequent peripheral neuropathy and it affects nearly 3% of the general population. Although electromyography tests have become the gold standard for diagnosis, currently there is controversy between the correlation of clinical data and electromyography for diagnosis. The purpose of this work is to study this correlation and determine the possible prognostic factors in this pathology. Material and methods: 139 patients who underwent surgery were reviewed retrospectively between January 1995 and December 2008. All patients had an electromyography preoperatively to obtain motor conduction rate and latency, sensitive conduction rate and clinical examination, especially the Tinel and Phalen signs in order to correlate them with the final postoperative symptoms. In order to establish if there were statistically significant differences, these were determined through the T-Student and x2- Results: Preoperatively, there is a clinical correlation (p < 0.05) between the Tinel and Phanel clinical signs with the compression electrophysiological grading. Likewise, there is a correlation between clinical persistence in the postoperative period with motor conduction rate and latency involvement specified in the preoperative electrophysiological tests. Conclusion: Electrophysiological tests in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome have an added prognostic value with regards to the final result after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The case report of a 55 year-old patient is described, with apparent good health up to 6 months before death who began to present chronic migraine which did not improve with treatment, personality disorders, confusion, cranial neuropathy, papilloedema and deep coma, without response to antifungal treatment. Keeping in mind the results of cerebrospinal liquid examination, a meningoencephalitis due to Cryptococcus was diagnosed; likewise the pathological study corroborated the existence of systemic cryptococcosis and AIDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The n-3 and n-6 fatty acids compete for the same elongases and desaturases, still highly deficient synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids from n-3 linolenic acid. The n-3 polyunsaturated prevent disease and are important in the development and maintenance of neuronal activities, necessitating a proper relationship with their antagonists n-6. This paper studies the proportion of these fatty acids. Material and methods: We analyzed the fatty acids of n- 3 and n-6 in sera and membrane phospholipid with 374 children neuropathies and 34 healthy children, using gas chromatography with mass detector. It has made the relevant statistical study. Results: The n-3 (EPA and DHA) in serum and their corresponding membrane phospholipids correlate better than the n-6 family. The major n-6 (LA and ARA) are equally in serum, being significantly higher in phospholipids of healthy children. The n-3 (EPA and DHA) have higher values in healthy children, both in serum and phospholipids, their sum is equal to the membrane phospholipids. The n-6/n-3 ratio is higher in children with neurological disorder in both samples. Conclusion: Not being the cause of the high rate n-6/n- 3 neuropathy, however it is advisable to increase the intake of n-3, DHA particularly across the population, especially in children with neurological disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opioids can cause various side effects so lets meet timely prevention and treatment. Objective: Identify adverse reactions in patients treated with opioids at the Interdisciplinary Center for the Study and Treatment of Pain and Palliative Care. Material and methods: A descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study analyzed the medical records of hospitalized patients were demographic variables, algological diagnosis, pain intensity, analgesics employed and presence of adverse effects: constipation, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, depression, anorexia, urinary retention, dysuria, headache and neuropsychological disturbances. The results are recorded in electronic database and descriptive statistics was applied. Results: A total of 189 cases, 146 patients had nociceptive somatic pain syndrome, nine neuropathic pain syndrome, 34 combined pain syndrome. It was observed that constipation was the most obvious effect, followed by nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, depression and anorexia. In smaller proportion had cardiovascular symptoms such as palpitations, tachycardia, hypotension and neuropsychological alterations. Conclusions: The results are consistent with reports on the frequency of digestive symptoms, in this study highlights the increased prevalence of depressive symptoms not described by other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to determine whether a utility model can be used with acceptable sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: cross sectional study, non-probability sampling, in 381 type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic foot risk. To determine the DPN, it was evaluated the protective sensation in 10 sites on the foot. It was a positive diagnosis if three or more points showed insensitivity at the touch of the skin with Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM). Monofilament was compared to the utility model (MMU); the diagnostic methods of application were the same for both. Results: mean age was 62 years, 11 years of development of DM, mean body mass index of 29 kg/m², average glucose 129 mg/dL (78-264 mg/dL). With sensitivity of 73.68%, 97.67% of specificity, positive predictive value 77.78%, negative predictive value 97.10%, the positive likelihood ratio was 31.59 and the negative likelihood ratio 0.27. Conclusion: currently, diagnostic devices for tactile sensory loss are not readily available in our country; therefore, the results of this research will help to make the diagnosis of the MMU timely, inexpensive and easily accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neuropathy due to ulnar nerve compression at the elbow level is the second most frequent neuropathy. The scratch collapse test is useful to diagnose compression neuropathies. This test helps us rank compression sites and decide the type of treatment to use. Methods: From May to July 2011, 34 patients, mostly females, were preoperatively analyzed with this test. Ethyl chloride was also used to show other compression sites. Results: The main compression site was found to be at the level of Osborne's ligament, contrary to the idea that it was located at the medial epicondyle. Another finding was that at the hand and wrist level it is more common to find compression in the proximal fascia of the forearm than in Guyon's canal. After surgery, CRP became negative in all patients. Discussion and conclusions: When the primary collapse point is Osborne's ligament, the patient will require ulnar nerve transposition. When the primary collapse point is located at the level of the medial epicondyle, decompression is enough. In case of several simultaneous collapse points before applying ethyl chloride, a surgical procedure will not necessarily be required for each one of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamins that belong to the so called B complex, specifically thiamine or vitamin B1, pyridoxine or vitamin B6, and cobalamine or vitamin B12, have been utilized either alone or combined as food supplements in cases of serum deficiencies. Nevertheless, vitamins recognized also as neurotrophic, have pharmacological effects as well. One of these biological effects is analgesia, effect little known, but proven both experimentally, and clinically. B vitamins deficiency associated neuropathies pathophysiological bases are reviewed, specifically related to diabetes mellitus and chronic alcoholism, as well as clinical trials that have shown both their efficacy and tolerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a peripheral neuropathy caused by inflammation and pressure that occurs inside the tunnel of the wrist and the transverse ligament in the wrist, where they cross the median nerve and tendons. Objective. Evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic laser treatment gallium arsenurio patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Material and methods. They conducted a randomized study in the area of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AMFR) of HCM in a total of 46 patients (73 hands) were included and randomized into two treatment groups with the diagnosis of CTS: Control group with 23 patients (39 hands) operated night splints placebo laser group and 23 patients (38 hands) handled dosimetry of 1.2 J / per point (10 points) for 15 sessions and use night splints. LASG device was used with a power of 125 mW, frequency 5,000 Hz, wavelength 905 nm. All treatments were applied once a day (Monday to Saturday) for a total period of 15 sessions, and both groups used night splints for three months. The clinical variables were studied before treatment, after 15 sessions of laser treatment and the review within three months. Patients were assessed with the Boston Questionnaire (CB). Besides electrophysiological study performed totas hands. The electrophysiological variables (latencies, amplitudes, nerve conduction velocities of sensory-motor) were studied statistically in both groups at three months taking into account the values before starting treatment. Results. The results for clinical and electrophysiological variables were initially similar in both groups. Regarding the clinical variables was highly significant improvement in the laser group than the control. The comparison between both groups showed improvement p < 0.05 in terms of scoring the severity of symptoms and functional status (CB) in the laser group at three months. In terms of electrophysiological variables, overall there was no statistically significant difference between both groups at three months, except motor latencies of the laser group in which differences were found with p < 0.03/0.04 respect to its comparison with the control group. Discussion. The results of our study indicate the effectiveness of laser therapy (laser group) compared with placebo (control group) with respect to clinical variables (decrease in severity of symptoms and improvement in functional status) assessed by the CB. Therefore, we suggest the use of Lasgo, since it is a good alternative as a method of treatment in patients with STC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a rare mitochondrial disease characterized by chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and pigmentary retinopathy with onset before age 20. It is associated with a heterogeneous group of clinical manifestations, among which heart conduction disturbances, muscle weakness, peripheral neuropathy, diabetes mellitus, short stature syndrome and sensorineural deafness are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We approach the problem about relationships between personality dimensions and the use of coping strategies in chronic pain patients. The most frequently used theoretical model in the area of stress and its relation to pain is the transactional model, taking into account that the incorporation of personality traits improves predictions via coping in the stress process. Following the Big Five model, the relationships between personality and coping strategies in patients with chronical neuropathic pain were established. The results showed slight relationships between the Big-Five dimensions and coping. A vulnerable personality profile in patients with chronic neuropathic pain was obtained, consisting of high neuroticism, low extraversion, openness to experience and responsibility, and moderate agreeableness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial nerve palsy is one of the most common neuropathies. The case of a bilateral facial nerve palsy is presented, secondary to cerebral commotion, cranial base and temporal fractures and was initiated on steroids with no signs of improvement, then a surgical decompression of the facial nerve was carried out with subsequent resolution of symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]