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This article aims to elucidate viral myocarditis in neonates, focusing on a case involving Coxsackie virus, in order to enhance early detection and treatment, and, therefore, mitigating the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Our study details the clinical course of a female newborn with Coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis, who underwent diagnostic modalities such as echocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance, and serial biomarker analysis, all of which allowed us to outline the disease’s natural progression and its response to intervention over time. Based on a literature review we identified 6 similar cases, spanning from 1962 to 2022. In this analysis we assessed clinical presentation, diagnostic methodologies, treatment strategies, and prognostic outcomes, drawing comparisons between our case and reported instances. The objective is to highlight optimal clinical practices for managing this pathology effectively. Furthermore, we approach the pivotal role of early diagnosis and its impact on disease prognosis. We emphasize that, though rare, viral myocarditis in neonates can lead to a high rate of mortality, which is why a prompt diagnosis and an appropriate intervention are imperative to improve the outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Clinical manifestations in patients infected with coxsackievirus B are highly variable, with most cases being asymptomatic or mild, and fewer cases presenting with symptoms of severe disease. Multiorgan involvement associated with coxsackievirus B5 is very rare. CLINICAL CASE: A 20-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department with jaundice, high fever, abdominal pain, and sepsis; initially treated as leptospirosis. His clinical status rapidly deteriorated to circulatory shock, pancreatitis, and acute renal failure with proteinuria. He subsequently developed acute respiratory failure, possibly due to cardiac failure secondary to viral myocarditis. He required vasoactive support, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and admission to the intensive care unit. Coxsackie B5 virus was the most likely cause, diagnosed by IgM antibody titer nine days after admission. CONCLUSIONS: The reported case is rare because of multiorgan involvement by Coxsackie B5 virus, which is a common cause of myocarditis and pericarditis and other organ involvement. It is a multiorgan failure of unknown cause; viral infection should be suspected. Coxsackievirus has a wide clinical variability, ranging from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening disease requiring intensive supportive care to sustain life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has generated a high rate of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Since now it persists, the availability of vaccines has increased and there are few approved by the World Health Organization because of their quality, safety, and efficacy. These were created in order to prevent serious illness and hospitalization, essential to control the pandemic. Although erythema multiforme has been associated with different types of immunizations, there are very few reported cases as an adverse reaction to mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. CLINICAL CASE: A 31-year-old female patient with erythema multiforme and myocarditis secondary to the application of the second dose of the Pfizer vaccine against COVID-19, who presented a clinical picture of dyspnea, precordial pain and subsequent attack on general condition, unquantified fever, and rash. The diagnosis of these diseases was made with symptoms presented, as well as electrocardiogram and laboratory studies. The patient was treated with metoprolol and prednisone, achieving remission of the clinical picture. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of erythema multiforme and myocarditis as an adverse reaction to the vaccine, without history of these diseases. It is important to communicate the different adverse reactions to provide suitable information to patients and thus avoid rejection of vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGRAUND: Enterovirus infections in neonates can present as very severe manifestations with high mortality, such as hepatitis with coagulopathy, meningoencephalitis, or myocarditis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 4-day-old neonate who presented a severe enterovirus infection. The mother had presented peripartum fever. He initially developed hepatitis with coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia that required several transfusions of blood products. After resolution, myocarditis developed that required inotropic support. The evolution was favourable. CONCLUSION: This clinical case suggests that those neonates with severe early enterovirus infection may develop subsequent myocarditis and should therefore be monitored after resolution of the infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic myocarditis is a disease with multiple described causes, which shows infiltration of eosinophils in the myocardium, associated or not with hypereosinophilia in blood. CLINICAL CASE: An 85-year-old male patient, immunocompetent, with clinical and pathological findings of eosinophilic myocarditis due to strongyloidiasis, a currently uncommon cause. CONCLUSIONS: One of the causes of hypereosinophilia is strongyloidiasis that presents with myocarditis or de novo heart failure. Most fatal infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis could be prevented with early detection and treatment of asymptomatic chronic infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 disease has affected the entire world, becoming one of the worst pandemics of our generation, as well as being a great social and health challenge. This mainly affects the respiratory system, however, studies have shown that it compromises the cardiovascular system, which has generated a big concern, since this would imply greater vulnerability in patients with underlying cardiovascular pathologies, which represent a significant percentage of the population. Furthermore, the presence of comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, has been shown to be associated with higher mortality rates. This not only affects chronic cardiovascular patients, but it can also cause cardiovascular alterations in patients without a history of cardiovascular disease, so it is necessary to monitor cardiac biomarkers in these patients for a better approach in their development. Clinical studies have shown that the cardiovascular pathologies associated with COVID-19 are heart failure, myopericarditis, cardiogenic shock, acute cardiac injury, coagulation and thrombosis disorders, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, and Kawasaki disease. This study is based on a comprehensive review of complications associated with COVID-19 and its possible mechanisms of action, for a better understanding of medical and health personnel (PROSPERO ID 316364). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Current knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic is still limited, especially in the pediatric age group. So far, children are considered to be a minimally affected population; however, physicians from different parts of the world have recognized a new pediatric multi-systemic inflammatory syndrome, that provokes a multiple organ dysfunction, from which the heart is not exempted. The direct action of the virus on myocardial cells, as well as the cytokines storm -triggered by the infection-are responsible for the myocarditis developed in these patients. In this article a case with criteria of myocarditis associated with COVID-19 is described. Achieving an early diagnosis of myocarditis secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the current epidemiological context allows a correct and timely therapeutic approach, avoiding the torpid evolution and fatal outcome of this disease, as well as other long-term complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020; one consequence has been the increase in sedentary lifestyle and reduction of sports activity. Exercise benefits the immune defense system especially in older adults; it is recommended to keep a distance of 1.5 meters between people, and if walking or jogging is carried out, the space must be up to 5 and 10 meters respectively. The reported cases are mostly mild up to 80% and can be critical in up to 4.7%; the risk factors are well known, hypertension, diabetes and previous heart disease. Severe or critical cases present as symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in the case of cardiovascular disease, they mainly occur as myopericarditis, acute coronary syndromes, cardiogenic shock, thrombotic events, among others. Returning to exercise after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is always recommended, however it will depend on the clinical picture what measures should be taken prior to its onset, and it is in moderate cases and especially in the severe ones where the evaluation and prescription prior to returning to exercise or sport should be guided by medical personnel experts in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, especially in athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dengue's cardiological manifestations are diverse; the virus is able to enter the myocardium and cause acute myocarditis that sometimes may go unnoticed and be asymptomatic, with benign outcomes; while in others, it may produce electrocardiographic rhythm and conduction disturbances or signs of ventricular dysfunction that could lead to severe heart failure. We present the case of a 21-yearold man, a student, previously healthy, who was admitted to the Department of Cardiology with a diagnosis of dengue confirmed by serology and complicated with conduction disorders (2:1 advanced atrioventricular block) related to acute myocarditis due to dengue. This problem can be seen in areas where dengue is an emerging problem. Therefore it is critical to be aware of it in order to design strategies for prevention and treatment of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue is an acute febrile viral disease produced by the dengue virus, mainly transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. It can take place with or without symptoms and it can cause serious clinical conditions. The case of a 47- year-old man is presented, who was admitted due to fever of three days of evolution, skin rash, nauseas, dry cough and lipothymias. Two days later, the rash worsened and extreme bradycardia appeared. The echocardiogram showed left ventricular dysfunction, with an ejection fraction of 38%. The patient was discharged after 14 days with the diagnosis of dengue complicated by myocarditis. It is evident that it was a viral myocarditis from the beginning of symptoms, which is described as unusual in the bibliography; cough and lipothymias were the expression of the low cardiac output, that together with the bradycardia, and the electroand echocardiographic alterations, helped to establish the diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium. Viral infections are the most common cause, although it can also be due to hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune etiology, among other causes. The clinical spectrum of the disease is varied, from an asymptomatic course, followed by chest pain, arrhythmias and acute heart failure, to fulminant picture. The term fulminant refers to the development of cardiogenic shock with the need for vasopressor support, inotropic or assisted circulation devices either extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or intra-aortic counterpulsation balloon. About 10% of cases of heart failure due to myocarditis correspond to fulminant myocarditis. Influenza myocarditis has been considered an infrequent condition, however, its incidence has increased since 2009 as a result of the AH1N1 pandemic; otherwise, myocarditis due to Influenza type B remains an infrequent entity. We describe the experience in a cardiovascular center of 2 confirmed cases of fulminant myocarditis due to Influenza B that required circulatory assistance devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We present the case of a 72-year-old immunocompetent patient from Chocó, Colombia, with a 12-day course of fever, headache, progressive neurological deterioration, and rapid evolution to multiorgan failure and death. In the histopathological study of tissues obtained at necropsy, tissue cysts morphologically suggestive of being bradyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii were identified and confirmed by immunohistochemistry in heart, brain, and striated muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium, due to the low incidence and the variability of the clinical course, the diagnosis is an exclusion one. The etiology is mainly viral, although a shift of the specific agent in recent years has taken place. Treatment is controversial and the prognosis related to dilated myocardiopathy is generally bad. We present the clinical case of a patient with myocarditis due to cytomegalovirus in the cardiology department of our Hospital. We conducted a bibliographic review of the topic to help to determine the etiology, the treatment and to be able to establish a prognosis at the discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to perform a systematic review on dengue virus infection (DENV), with cardiovascular involvement, in the pediatric population, in order to describe and establish useful criteria for diagnosis and management. Methods: in a database search, Embase, Medline, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and LILACS. With limits and keywords that included randomized clinical trials and cardiovascular involvement in viral infection by DENV. Conclusions: DENV infection with myocardial compromise in pediatrics is a great clinical challenge. It presents multiple manifestations, where clinical suspicion, the different evolution and course of the disease together with the use and interpretation of diagnostic tests different from Biopsy, may throw clues or divert attention from the actual organ involvement observed. The pathophysiology of myocardial compromise beyond shock in the pediatric patient should be understood in order to perform its evaluation. The possibility of dilated cardiomyopathy should be taken into account in DENV and refractory shock, associated with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Early detection, immediate resuscitation, entry into the intensive care unit, and avoidance of aggressive intravenous fluid therapy are crucial life-saving measures and can improve patient survival. Adequate classification and diagnostic criteria define the essential management of support, avoiding fatal results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Myocarditis is the inflammation of the myocardial tissue, primarily caused by viral infection. Dilated cardiomyopathy (MD) is the most serious complication. Immunomodulatory therapy is not validated in these patients; however, it appears to offer benefits in the prognosis of this disease. The aim of this work was to determine the prognosis of immunomodulatory therapy in the development of MD in pediatric patients with viral myocarditis effect. Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients between 4 and 17 years diagnosed with viral myocarditis was integrated. It was considered as the main exposure treatment, which was divided into two types: normal (drugs targeted for heart failure and antiviral exclusively) and immunomodulatory (hyperimmune immunoglobulin, azathioprine and prednisone plus usual treatment). Time between diagnosis and treatment, history of asystole and positive for enterovirus and adenovirus antibodies: as measured confounders. The follow-up was 48 months. The outcome variable was the MD (LV diastolic diameter > + 2 Z-score and positive biopsy). Results: 31 patients were obtained with a median of 5 (4-15) years; 6 received immunomodulatory therapy and regular rest. The MD was presented in 17% of patients exposed to immunomodulatory therapy vs. 35% traditional, with HR = 0.5 (0.1-0.7). Conclusions: Inmunodulatory therapy is a protective factor for MD in patients with viral myocarditis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic Lupus Erythematous is an autoimmune disease of unknown origin, whose clinical features include diverse cardiovascular manifestations. They can present in between 50 and 60% of the patients. Myocarditis is infrequent (10%) and may evolve either to a dilated Mycordiopathy or to the improvement. For such reasons, a case of 24 year old black female is presented. She was admitted to the Jose Ramón Martinez Hospital in the Guanajay Municipality, Artemisa, due to dyspnea and palpitations on moderate exert. She had e previous history of respiratory infection during the pandemic period of H1N1 influenza diagnosed due to pneumonia with a effusion which evolution was torpid. The key clinical elements in the suspect and diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematous were the presence of ulcers in the soft palate and signs of arthritis in the inter-phalange joints of both feet, so as previous history of pleural effusion with manifestations of cardiac insufficiency, i.e. multisystemic participation. Laboratory tests showed positive antinuclear antibodies screening, decreasing of the levels of CH50 and C3 complement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of chest pain is variable, ischemic heart disease is one of the most frequent causes with high morbidity and mortality. This paper reports the case of a 21-year-old male, who started five days earlier with malaise, hyporexia, nausea and diarrhea of 2-3 times a day without mucus and blood and not associated with food intake. Subsequently sense of gastroesophageal reflux and chest pain were added, so we suspected gastrointestinal etiology; however, during his evolution in hospital, patient cursed with fever, oppressive chest pain and tachycardia; so, acute myocarditis was diagnosed. Patient was discharged after five days because clinical improvement, without presenting any complications or sequelae. It is important to assess in a timely manner causes threatening life, especially ischemic heart disease. It is important to do a proper medical history, physical examination and support studies in search of the etiology. If ischemic heart disease is suspected, risk should be stratified in order to install adequate and timely therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder. The true incidence of myocarditis is difficult to determine. It is found in 1-9% of necropsies and in 5-12% of unexplained sudden deaths. Myocarditis is a rare but potentially lethal condition, that is diagnosed by a combination of clinical and pathological findings. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment improves outcomes. We report the first case of SLE associated myopericarditis in a young female patient with no evidence of viral infection. The diagnosis was made by the clinical evolution and response to therapy. We emphasize the initial clinical presentation with massive effusive pericarditis rapidly progressing towards severe left vebtricular systolic disfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxocariasis is a parasitic infection produced by helminths that cannot reach their adult stage in humans. For their etiological species (Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati), man is a paratenic host. Infection by such helminths can produce a variety of clinical manifestations, such as: visceral larvae migrans syndrome, ocular larvae migrans syndrome and covert toxocariasis. In the visceral larvae migrans syndrome, the organs that are mainly involved include liver, lungs, skin, nervous system, muscles, kidneys and the heart. Regarding the latter, the importance of cardiovascular manifestations in toxocariasis, as well as its clinical relevance, has increasingly begun to be recognized. The current article is based on a systematic information search, focused mainly on the clinical and pathological aspects of cardiovascular manifestations in toxocariasis, including its pathophysiology, laboratory findings, diagnosis and therapeutical options, with the objective of highlighting its importance as a zoonosis and its relevance to the fields of cardiovascular medicine in adults and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the case of a nine year-old girl, previously healthy, attended in the Emergency Department for acute neurological complaint of 24 hours evolution, consistent with cerebellitis (fever, ataxia, tremors, dysdiadochokinesia), without evidence of heart failure. Electrocardiography showed changes suggest viral myocarditis probably with severe injury to conduction system manifested by right bundle branch block, with fast progression to second-degree atrioventricular block that recovery with steroid bolus. She was sent to tertiary pediatric center outcome to lethal arrhythmia. Echocardiography and resonance magnetic imaging allow a more acute diagnostic. Complex molecular interactions between viruses and host immune response mediated pathophysiology therefore immunoglobulin IV and interferon are promissory treatments. Myocarditis is a big challenge diagnostic by high risk of mortality and severe chronic cardiac sequels. Electrocardiography remains as a highlight diagnostic tool within emergency room. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the first case of Rocky Mountains Fever Myocarditis diagnosed in our hospital, in which the clinical evolution was severe and rapidly lethal. The autopsy revealed the bacteria Ricketssiarickettsi within de myocardial muscle. Being the first case in northwestern Mexico with histopathological evidence, we emphasize the importance of performing as many as possible clinical cardiological tests to evaluate the magnitude of myocardial damage and other hearth malfunctions that might affect hemodinamically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We present the case of a young woman who suffered cardiogenic due to by Coxsackie virus B6. The patient attended a private clinic with an acute gastroenteritis and after one hour of receiving hydratation,she developed hypotension and shock, severe hypoxemia and bilateral lung infiltrate. The patient entered the Intensive Care Unit, where she received hemodynamic support. Due to the clinical picture and cardiac enzymes increase, a cardiac failure was suspected and the echocardiographic findings suggested 'myocarditis". The evolution was successful and Coxsackie B6 virus infection diagnosis was made during the follow up by increase of the levels of antibodies for virus Coxsackie B6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We review the epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis and treatment aspects of myocarditis in childhood. We recognize the importance of viruses as primary causal agents of it; we emphasize the importance of taking into account the disease as a complication of systemic bacterial processes, especially in children with staphylococcal pneumonia or disseminated infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is shown a patient from Mazamari, province of Satipo (Peruvian central jungle) with a clinical presentation of dengue, with serological confirmation, where myalgia was one of the most striking symptoms and the patient developed rhabdomyolisis, CK 6931 µ/L (normal values: 0-190 µ/L) and myocarditis, increased CK-MB and troponin I. Appropriate treatment with hydration and analgesics led to the patient's recovery without major complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]