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In underground water studies, a big amount of data is generated and compiled: these data should be jointly processed, correlated, and analyzed in order to look for relations and/or patterns through which appropriate conceptual and numerical models are defined for explaining, in a coherent way, hydro-geological functioning in a specific zone. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) must be considered as one of the basic tools of hydro-geologists, because they allow storing, analyzing, and visualizing data and information in an easy and dynamic way, as well as the analysis of their behavior in both spatial and temporal dimensions. However, in many cases, the use of GIS in hydro-geological projects has been limited to both the elaboration of cartography of different hydro-geological units included in the study area and to the location of different measurements and parameters related to underground water resources, without taking advantage of their capabilities for the analysis of complex multivariate spatial phenomena. The present research presents two GIS application examples in Latin America which have helped in the modeling and pre-processing of the phenomena and the involved variables, in addition to the traditional identification of different essential characteristics of aquifers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]