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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An internal consistency is derived from the term Kinesiology's etymological root and its linguistic precision, when taking into consideration the implications of the term, both in education as well as its definition. Historically, this has led to an interpretative polysemy fraught with errors and inconsistencies. This becomes evident more so, when the term Kinesiology is analyzed, taking into consideration geographical regions, its application in reflection or action contexts, organizations that make use of it, and whether words used actually describe the professional or the discipline action that justifies the term. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the term Kinesiology in its historical aspect, to reconstruct its implications in professional training and the relevance that determines the guidelines of the phenomenon for which it is responsible. The term Kinesiology originates from Greek κινησιολογια meaning the study of movement. From the historical point of view, the relationship concept between movement and the human body has taken more than a thousand years, beginning with Aristotle and ending with Giovanni Alfonso Borelli. Subsequently, the development of this discipline is linked to three major movements: The Swedish, the French and the American. The Swedish School led by Per Henrik Ling at the Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics (RICG), materialized by Branting and Georgii between 1828 and 1854, through the term Kinesiologi first and kinésithérapie later, was declared as a new science of movement that encompassed the principles of a precise and harmonious development of the human body. At the same time, in France, Nicolas Dally, published in 1857 his magnum opus "Cinesiologie ou science du movement" declaring the irregularity of physiotherapy and kinesitherapy to dose exercise. Finally, Nils Posse conceived the term "Kinesiology" for the first time in North America in his 1886 publication entitled: "Modification of the Swedish system of gymnastics to meet American conditions". In Chile, evolution of these concepts was assimilated by Joaquín Cabezas García in 1920, the driving force behind the cultivation of Kinesiology at the Institute of Physical Education, providing the professionals who were trained in teaching, with a clear epistemological concept of the science of human movement, by including this discipline in their study plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of F@ro: Revista Teórica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Comunicación y de la Información is the property of Universidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Myelomeningocele (MM) is a complex disease that results in functional impairment that impacts ambulation, has now used the Motion Analysis Laboratory for the kinetics and kinematics of the lower extremity during running of these patients. Objective. Analyze in pediatric patients with low lumbar myelomeningocele and walking capacity parameters percentage of the support phase, the percentage of the swing phase, step width and average speed in the CRIT EM in the period of 2012-2013. Material and methods. Quasi-experimental study in which 13 patients were selected for the implementation of a program Hydrokinesitherapy, conducting a laboratory study of motion before and after treatment. Results. 13 patients were included of which three along treatment were removed, one of them tethered cord surgery not scheduled for treatment and the remaining two were eliminated by filing a motion with a high energy expenditure. Left to our analysis ten patients, seven men and three women. No significant differences were found before and after treatment in the variables evaluated with the motion analysis laboratory. Conclusion. It is necessary to implement therapeutic strategies that promote maximum functionality with less energy expenditure also must implement the use of assessment tools that can provide important information on the patient response to interventions, considering that there are various factors that they can influence the detriment of the progress and functionality of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The main therapeutic effects of aquatic exercise and physical therapy programs are improvement and preservation of joint range of motion, muscle endurance and strength, gait training and improvement of emotional state. The Halliwick method consists of obtaining a balanced posture by progressive organized movement requiring a major rotational component to obtain the patient's conscientious control of movement. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of an aquatic program in children aged 2 to 10 years with meningomyelocele and functional level L3 or lower. Methods: This is an open-label experimental study. Muscle contractures, strength and lordotic index were evaluated by means of validated clinical scales. Results: A total of 20 children (13 boys and 7 girls) were studied, 16 had an L3 functional level and the rest in functional levels L4 and L5. Compared with baseline clinical evaluation, a statistical significant improvement was observed in muscle contractures (p = 0.015), muscle strength (p = 0.001) and posture (lordotic index) (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The hydrokinesitherapy and Halliwick programs impact positively on patients with meningomyelocele and functional level L3 or lower, as is shown by improvements in muscle contractures, lordotic index and muscle strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]