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In order to estimate the hydraulic behavior of a drinking water storage tank, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation program was used to numerically evaluate blend speed and time profiles. Speed profiles showed a maximum value when leaving at 0.76 m.s-1 and 0.2 m.s-1 speeds near walls, creating recirculation areas near the inlet stream. Injection of tracer and the variation coefficient for 17 monitoring points in the tank resulted in a blend time of 19.06 hours and it was found that the blend near walls is less efficient than in the inlet stream trajectory. Necessary volume to enter the tank in order to achieve a good blend was inversely proportional to the water mass stored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) is a field of great interest to science medicine, for example, anti-TNF agents (infliximab and adalimumab) represent an important tool for the management of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. To characterize the physical parameters that could be involved in the kinetic behaviour of MAbs and study the interaction with their antigens, could be helpful to increase the MAbs kinetics and improve their efficiency. The authors of this paper consider that the total kinetic MAbs has two principal components: transport kinetics and chemical kinetics. In this work we focus on the physical description of the transport kinetics of MAbs in a fluid with laminar flow and parabolic profile and, we present some physical considerations necessary to take into account in the study of antigen-MAbs interactions with intention to integrate the information of chemical kinetics with our model of the transport kinetics. To simulate the kinetics of the MAbs, standard equations were solved numerically (using The Verlet algorithm) to calculate the motion of a particle with a spherically symmetric inside of parabolic laminar flow, in order to find the time evolution of the antibody velocity in blood plasma in function of the increase of the radius, mass and density of the MAbs, and the fluid pressure in blood vessels. In this work we used the physical parameters that characterize the monoclonal antibody "infliximab", which is administered by intravenous infusion and is distributed predominantly in the vascular field. We take the mesenteric blood flow as a laminar flow. In the case of we fixed the value of the antibody density, their kinetics increased when the pressure in the vessels increased. When we fixed the pressure in the vessels we found: if we reduce the antibody radius their kinetics increased, and when we increase antibody density we found that their kinetics also increased. From these results we predict that MAb transport kinetics increases with decreasing of their volume. This result could improve the therapy effectiveness using MAbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analytical study of the Maslov chain conditions for regular by pieces kinematics waves is performed. The constancy -along each one of the structured time intervals- of the rupture orders associated to the singular points is mathematically proved. Attention is then focused into the study of non-cero rupture orders and the remaining results are restricted to this area. The singular paths are then proved to be restricted to evolve in time along segments of characteristics lines. Significant simplifications are then performed into the Maslov chains. Some further developments lead to the conclusion that the simplified chain conditions can be solved as two independent iterative sequences of linear first order ordinary differential equations. Trough the totality of the present study the only assumption about the flux is that it is an entirely function of the density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a mathematical model is presented for the optimization of aquifer resources management. The model is based on the porous media flow AQÜIMPE model embedded within a linear programming algorithm. Theoretical considerations are introduced first and then it is applied to a case study in which a number of different linear objective functions (LOF) are tested. One of the LOF's is to maximize the discharge flow from the aquifer and the other LOF is to minimize drawdowns in the discharge nodes. The whole model has been built on the mathematical assistant MATLAB and has been made fully interactive with the GIS tool AQTRIGEO which is associated with AQÜIMPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]