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This paper studies the concepts of "special ecological importance area", "excludable mining zone" and "mining concession", to show the tension between two activities of public interest: the mining activity and the protection duty over special ecological importance areas. Also, the paper analyzes whether mining concessions and environmental licenses create or not, acquired rights for the mining concessioner. This, to conclude if the execution conditions of the mining concessions can be modified due to the creation of a new special ecological importance area, declared and defined as such after the creation of the mining contract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right to freedom and its exceptions have been reformed on several occasions, since its enactment in 2004. The following study analyzes two main norms on this matter, introduced by such reforms: the first one is the regulation on pre-trial detention regarding sexual violence against children; the second is the prohibition of substitution of pre-trial detention. This article intends to argue, supported with field research that these norms are against the principles on which pretrial detention is founded, as they privilege the use of this instrument, and restrain the discretionality given to the judge in an adversarial criminal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]