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Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Most of the students of Latin American origin in Catalan schools are invisible statistically due to the growing weight of nationalizations and second generations. 2015-2016 students' microdata has been connected with the Population Register. With this data we have constructed a generational typology to analyze the migratory trajectory of the students in relation to their school achievement. This analysis has been conducted for Latin American students, with the main aim of knowing their sociodemographic characteristics and their school performance, measured from a suitability rate and the obtention of compulsory studies. In addition to the Latin American group, five origins has been studied (Honduras, Bolivia, the Dominican Republic, Argentina and Ecuador), all of them characterized by an important presence in Catalonia but with very different calendars on their arrival in Spain, as well as in their sociodemographic profiles and in his incorporation into the school. Results obtained from this study indicates the increasing weight of the immigrants' descendants in schools, and a school performance that is strongly disturbed by the migratory process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International immigration has led to post-modern societies being more diverse and multi-cultural. The aim of the research this article is based on is to use the discourse produced in four discussion groups to identify and analyze Latin American immigrants' social signifiers about their socio-cultural integration into New York City. The author uses a phenomenological, qualitative, empirical methodology and deals with the material in an interdisciplinary framework. The results suggest that, for our narrators, socio-cultural integration is linked to models of assimilationism and, to a lesser extent, to liberal multiculturalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of immigration involves multiple challenges and barriers as well as benefits and opportunities. Each year, innumerable Latin American families immigrate to the United States of America seeking employment, medical care, or education for their children. The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the effects of the process of acculturation in the parental involvement and maternal self-efficacy among Latin American immigrant mothers living in the United States. In order to achieve this objective, four research questions were formulated: (1) What is the description that Latin American immigrant women express about their own process of acculturation? (2) What are the changes these women have experienced during their acculturation process to the United States of America? (3) How Latin American immigrant mothers are involved in the academic, emotional, social, and behavioral development of their children (4) What are the perceptions that Latin American immigrant women have about their abilities and resources as mothers? In the present study, 14 women from five different Latin American countries participated in qualitative interviews. Participants' narratives were analyzed using the Consensual Qualitative Research method proposed by Hill, Thompson and Williams. After having analyzed all transcripts, five main themes were identified: (1) Adaptation, (2) Expectations, (3) Challenges, (4) Benefits, and (5) Resources. Results shows that participants had to adapt their behavior and ideas to the current American traditions, laws, and norms. Regarding participants' expectations, they talked about how one of their main expectations was to obtain an employment with which they could satisfy their basic needs and provide a good educational level to their children. Immigrants experience multiple obstacles; for instance, lack of employment and health services, legal status, changes in family functioning, separation from family, discrimination, fear of deportation, intergenerational conflicts, and language proficiency. Besides these external barriers and challenges, Latin American immigrants are affected by internal challenges with possible negative consequences, such as intimate partner violence, despondent moods, loneliness, feeling of inadequacy, gender inequality, stress, anxiety, and alcoholism. In this study, the main barriers these participants had to cope were their immigration status, separation from their families, and language proficiency. In contrast, these participants had several benefits as a result of their decision to immigrate to the United States of America such as economic resources, their children's education, and professional information they received that helped them improve their maternal skills. In consequence, they have been able to develop their maternal skills and spend quality time with their children. All participants in this research emphasized that these benefits have been determinant for their parental involvement. The last factor related to their maternal experience was the resources they have found in the United States of American. Participants talked about the support they have received from the American government, formal and informal knowledge about how to become a better mother, and the social support provided by other Latin American families. In general terms, immigrants experience better life conditions when they have a network of relatives and friends previously established in the receiving country. Consequently, they have more opportunities for a successful relocation in the new region. The importance of social support is related to the presence of these networks which provide any kind of support when necessary. In particular, due to this support, these participants have had a better adaptation to their new life. In conclusion, this research reveals that in spite of multiple challenges Latin American immigrants have to cope, all participants concluded that after immigrating to the United States of America their competence and involvement as mothers have increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principal group of the immigrants origin in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona are the Latin Americans. Geographically, their territorial insertion is characterized by the existence of the lower levels of residential segregation. Yet, some spaces of localized concentration are to be seen, preferably in the municipalities of the first metropolitan crown. There are objectives of this project, characterize socio-demographically the group of Latin-Americans that inhabit in this area of concentration and analyze the effects of the internal immigration in the conformation of this space. We work at inframunicipal level using the Population and Housing Census of 2011. The results achieved by the study, reveals an association between the socio-demographical characteristics of the individuals and their place of residence. And this particular spaces are built on the basis of internal mobility, dominating the displacements of the centre of the city to the first metropolitan crown. In contrast, spaces of medium concentration are identified in the historical centre of the central city, where the weight of migrations are coming directly from the foreign domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Education History / Historia Social y de la Educación is the property of Social & Education History / Historia Social y de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study analyzes dropout rates among Latin-American immigrants with alcohol abuse problems (AAP) participating in a batterer intervention program, and whether those perpetrators who finalize the intervention benefit the same as those participants without AAP in a number of program outcomes. The sample was 107 Latin-American immigrants convicted for intimate partner violence perpetration. Contrary to what was expected, there were not higher dropout rates among participants with AAP. Participants who finalized the intervention program, however, showed improvements in all outcomes variables explored regardless of whether they had AAP, including a reduction of alcohol abuse among participants with AAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the discussions in the education and employment of young people the validity of educational Inequalities and the implications of these on the employability of young people Is highlighted. In this sense, and returning these issues, this paper stresses and challenges In education and youth work In Latin America were discussed. We worked through a comparative approach bases on statistical data from secondary sources used by way of reconstructing the current landscape of both issues in the period 1990-2012. Trends indicate that variables with recognized social sector and gender, economic variable that warns other traits who drink to the existence of complex scenarios for much of the young population sector is added. But it also notes that countries in the region have declined existing inequalities but other latent inequities persist. Situations that result in latent challenges in education and work, understanding the equal opportunities as a target range for all young people in our latitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune systemic and chronic disease. Fertility in SLE patients is considered normal; factors that have been associated in these patients with ovarian failure are: disease activity, autoantibodies, and the use of cytotoxic agents. The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a marker that helps to determine the follicular reserve. Objective: Determinate the objective was to determine AMH levels in women of reproductive age with SLE. Material and methods: We included 65 women with SLE classified according to the 1997 ACR criteria, 18-to 40-years old. We obtained demographic, clinical, obstetric, and gynecological characteristics as well as serum levels of AMH. We performed a bivariate analysis among patients with low ovarian reserve and those with normal ovarian reserve. We also performed a correlation analysis between activity and damage index and between the cumulative cyclophosphamide dose and AMH levels. Results: We found a median of serum AMH in SLE patients of .61 ng/mL. The prevalence of low ovarian reserve in our study was 3.07%. We found a median MEX-SLEDAI score of 1 point and the median SLICC score was 2 points. Twenty-five patients (38.4%) had used cyclophosphamide and their cumulative average dose was 7.5 grams. Conclusions: We found a median of AMH of .61 ng/mL in our population. The prevalence of low ovarian reserve in SLE patients was 3.07%. We did not find a correlation between AMH levels, the use of cyclophosphamide, and disease activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is a reflection upon the exercising of transnational citizenship as a consequence of international migration, applied to Latin Americans resident in Portugal. In order to do this we have adopted the concept of transnational citizenship, as its malleability allows us to consider the whole concept of countries of origin and destination and the influence of bilateral and international relations. We ask how transnational citizenship is exercised in the European Union, Ibero-American and, particularly, Portuguese spaces, and whether it is affected by the economic crisis in Europe and, in particular, Portugal, by analysing the cases of Argentines, Brazilians and Uruguayans living in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas (17949998) is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas, Facultad de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Through the history of Spanish-speaking Catholic community of Riches Claires, Brussels, Belgium, this article explores the relationship between religion and migration, raising the hypothesis that, thanks to its international presence, Catholicism has become an instrumented and medium for the protection and integration of migrants to the new context, the creation of an identity" Latin American “in exile, gathering and integrating into a new context religious and cultural traditions of different origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is based on a specific survey conducted in 2009-2010 on 348 African and 457 Latin American reunified family members, who live with their families in Spain's coastal provinces between Girona and Almeria. The family members also provided information about their spouses and their children. This information focuses on social integration factors that are relevant to family groups. As a scale, we used the entire territory studied, as well as the three subareas: coastal Catalonia, the Autonomous Region of Valencia and Murcia-Almeria. The integration factors studied were: knowledge of the Spanish language (for the Africans), harmonious social relations, the marriage partners preferred for their children, the desire to remain in Spain, financial income and perceived well-being, relations with family in the country of origin and the family home in Spain. Africans and Latin Americans provide different responses to integration factors, and within the family groups, it is the children who show the most positive attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicoperspectivas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Escuela de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicoperspectivas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Escuela de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For several reasons, Latin American immigrant adolescents are an important group in HIV/AIDS research. Firstly, being an adolescent and immigrant imply a double vulnerability for HIV infection. Secondly, these adolescents come from one of the worldwide regions with the highest HIV infection cases. Moreover, Latin American group is larger and thriving each time in some of the most worldwide developed countries and it is characterized by being young people (one third is younger than 18 years old). Finally, due to the high HIV infection rates that Latin American people possess, research in this group is very important. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the state of research in the last ten years regarding sexual risk behaviour and related factors for HIV infection in Latin American immigrant adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migrations are phenomena inherent in civilizations, but it is not until recent times that their psychological effects are being investigated. This study has a triple objective: 1) to establish the degree of stress and perceived quality of life experienced by Latin American immigrants who are living in Barcelona, 2) to analyze the relationships between stress and quality of life, and 3) to contrast the degree of stress and perceived quality of life of Colombian immigrants who are living in Barcelona with those of a control group of Colombian non-immigrants. The Perceived Stress Scale (PPS) and the Quality of Life Index (QLI-SP) have been applied to a sample of 113 participants (83 immigrants living in Barcelona and 30 Colombian non-immigrants). Results indicate that the degree of stress is around the average, with women scoring significantly higher than men. Perceived quality of life in Barcelona is medium-high, but 21% of women report having low quality of life, indicating that it is more difficult for women to reach an adequate quality of life after immigration. A close relationship was found between stress and quality of life, especially in the case of men. Immigrants report higher levels of stress and lower quality of life than the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, our understanding of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has progressed from studies of war veterans and specific disaster victims to studies that examine the epidemiology of PTSD in the United States (USA) population. Epidemiologic data on PTSD in developing countries is an understudied area with the majority of studies were developed in the USA and other developed countries. Of the few epidemiological surveys undertaken in other countries, most of them have focused its interest on the prevalence rates of PTSD and its risk factors for following specific traumatic events. Besides increasing the international normative and descriptive data base on PTSD, an examination of prevalence rates and risk factors for PTSD in a socio-political and cultural context (that is markedly different to established market economies) can deepen our understanding of the phenomenology and determinants of PTSD. Although many psychiatric diagnoses can be related with previous traumatic experiences, PTSD has been identified as a disorder that requires a previous traumatic exposure for its diagnosis. A growing literature strongly suggests that early exposure to traumatic events disrupts crucial normal stages of childhood development and predisposes children to subsequent psychiatric sequelae. A series of epidemiological studies has demonstrated that childhood sexual abuse is associated with a range of psychiatric disorders in adulthood that includes mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, even after adjusting for possible confounds, such as family factors and parental psychopathological disorders or other childhood adversities. There is little evidence of diagnostic specificity of childhood sexual abuse, although a consistent finding has been that alcohol and drug disorders are more strongly related to childhood sexual abuse than other psychiatric disorders. Other forms of childhood traumas have been less well studied. This article reviews the findings of an epidemiological study that took place in Chile and examined prevalence rates of PTSD, traumatic events most often associated with PTSD, comorbidity of PTSD with other lifetime psychiatric disorders, gender differences in PTSD as well as trauma exposure in a representative sample of Chileans. This article also reported a comparison of prevalence rates of various psychiatric disorders among persons who reported the first trauma during their childhood, those who reported the first trauma during their adulthood, and those with no trauma history. The study was based on a household-stratified sample of people defined by the health service system to be adults (aged 15 years and older). The study was designed to represent the population of Chile. This analysis is limited to three geographically distinct provinces, chosen as being representative of the distribution of much of the population. The interviews were administered to a representative sample of 2390 persons aged 15 to over 64 years. The measures used were the DSM-III-R PTSD and antisocial personality disorder modules from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and modules for a range of DSM-III-R diagnoses from the Composite International Diagnostic..… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this research note we present the object of a research study that seeks to study the migrations of Latin-American social scientists to Spain, putting the accent, amongst other things, on the forms these migrations have adopted and on the influence they have, and still do, exert. We will also point out some of the precedents that have suggested this study and some of its expected contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents some statistical data on the Hispanic population in the United States and its growth, caused by a sustained immigrant influx. The paper develops the following points: 1) the importance and relevance of the Hispanic population in the United States; 2) the role of Mexican and Central American migration as the main sources of manual labor for the American economy; 3) the importance of migrants in the regional and national development in the countries of origin; 4) the situation and perspectives of the second generation; 5) the long-term integration of the Latin American immigrant population in the United States. The supporting arguments of recent essays criticizing the presence of the Hispanic population in the United States are examined as being a threat to English dominance and a factor for cultural disintegration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]