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The article presents information on "Vigraha-Vyavartani," the fundamental text of Madhyamaka. The text is studied in the Buddhist schools. It originally belongs to the Indian society and depicts the dialectical disputes that occurred during the ancient times. The text is written in Sanskrit language and has many brief verses that resemble the pattern of the Aryan literature. The text explains the concept of sunyata or voidness in life. The text was restored by philosophers E.H. Johnston and Arnold Kunst.