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Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Innate immunity and cellular adaptive immunity are considered the first lines of defense against fungal infections in humans. Most of the major opportunistic mycoses occur in individuals with defects in innate and/or cellular adaptive immunity. Morbidity and mortality rates associated with infections caused by fungal pathogens are high, and prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these infections remain somewhat difficult. Altered immune function is thought to cause an increased susceptibility to fungal infections in the host and determine the severity and characteristics of the infection. Non-specific cellular immunity mediated by macrophages, neutrophils, and NK lymphocytes provides efficient protection against fungal infections in healthy individuals. For this reason, the increase in systemic fungal infections is undoubtedly related to the increase in the number of patients with congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. There is increasing clinical and experimental evidence that antigen-specific cellular immunity plays an important role in host protection against fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of the addition of vitamin C in the diet of turkeys reared in a natural hypoxic environment (high Andean zone of Peru, 2750 masl), on productive performance, hematological values, stress status and immune function. One-day-old Hybrid Converter turkeys were assigned to 5 groups of 5 replicates. The birds of the 5 groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control group), 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/kg of vitamin C for 91 days. Vitamin C decreased heterophile / lymphocyte levels (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, vitamin C at a level greater than or equal to 1000 mg / kg decreased bird mortality (p < 0.05), reduced the stress indicator (p < 0.05), increased the antibody titer (p < 0.05), but did not improve growth parameters (p > 0.05). Consequently, dietary supplementation with vitamin C could regulate productive performance, by reducing the level of mortality, promoting immune function, and improving the state of stress in commercial turkeys, reared in a natural hypoxic environment. These results encourage commercial turkey meat production in hypoxic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adipose tissue, which is currently viewed as an organ with neuroimmunoendocrine functions, participates in the homeostasis of the human organism. It has great plasticity and functional variability based on the intake of nutrients or to the increase or decrease of its tissue volume, which modifies both the function and the number of the cells that form it or reach it. The elements that are released abnormally by these cells, among other cytokines and adipokines, cause both local and systemic inflammation, mainly when they come from the visceral adipose tissue, and they can affect diverse organs like the liver and the cardio-vascular system. It has been pointed out that obesity entails a greater risk for developing inflammatory, metabolic, autoimmune, or allergic diseases, as well as alterations in scarring, and cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]