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Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TECHNO Review is the property of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación y Humanismo is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Voice and loyalty play an important role because they facilitate market adjustments and improve efficiency. Conventional theory establishes an immediate relationship between prices and output, and ignores the complexities introduced by human interaction in markets. Voice and loyalty postpone exit, and these mechanisms will help companies to improve their relationships with customers. Hirschman's perspective builds bridges between economics and politics. As he said: “I hope to show political science academics the value of economic concepts, and economists the value of political ideas". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social network analysis is one of the most interesting approaches to study Human Interaction. According to John Scott, it comes from two different theoretical «lineages»: the anthropological theory of Manchester's authors (as Barnes and Mitchell) and the structural analsys of Harvard (Harrison White) that leads to the Graph Theory. Italian sociologist Antonio Chiesi looked into the latter theory; which first proposes to quantify human relations, but he criticizes its inability to analyse the qualitative dimensions of relationships. Therefore Italian sociology tries to study the social dimensions of networks, through the inquiries of Paola Di Nicola, PierPaolo Donati and Lia Sanicola. As a social worker, Sanicola proposes to use «Network Design» to represent networks of social help. To exemplify this approach, the essay shows the results of an Italian research work about Social Support Networks for old patients Care. This work was conducted by teams at the Catholic University of Milan and the University of Bologna, Cagliari and Campobasso, in 2002 and 2003. Research staff (a psycologist, a sociologist and two social workers, with the supervision of Clemente Lanzetti) looked into four cases of old patients and shows the social worker as a «co-ordinator of helping networks», supporting the relation between Informal Care and Formal networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presenta un resumen en inglés y en español acerca del artículo "La voz y la lealtad mejoran la eficiencia de los mercados," el cual enfoca en la lealtad del consumidor y la eficiencia económica.