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Copyright of Revista Avances: Investigación en Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Libre, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación y Humanismo is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Avances: Investigación en Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Libre, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Finite Element Method has showed the wide possibilities that it possesses as tool for the solution of engineering problems and research problems. As a result of it their employment has a great diffusion in the community of engineers, so much in study centers as in research centers and factories. If, this is in this way, then: Which is the reason for which the engineers has a dependence so high of the professionals software, even when the costs of acquisition of these is very high and the research centers or the universities don't dedicate time and efforts to the development of these? According to the author's point of view the reality is that the abilities in the use of software can be acquired by most of the professionals in the matter, but the theory on the method it is even not very understood by the most, even when they have learned how to use one of this professional software. Which is the cause? Most has not reached the understanding of the physical problem and much less can to separate the mathematical tool that is used for their instrumentation not confusing it with the physical problem. The rezone of this is in first instance that the texts published don't leave clear both aspects and in second place because in order to do this work is required a multidisciplinary group with almost exclusive dedication for this task. In this article the fundamental physical problem related with the topic will be presented, with a proposition on the necessary order to transmit the physical problem, separating it of the mathematical tool, in such a way that you can be understood each one of them in separate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences between the approaches of Boltzmann and Gibbs with respect to the problem of irreversibility. This analysis will allow us to show that, in the discussion about the necessary conditions for irreversibility, it goes often unnoticed that the main difference between the two approaches is the use of different concepts of equilibrium and, as a consequence, of irreversibility. Finally, we will argue that, although in principle both approaches seem completely irreconcilable, there are definite physical conditions under which the results provided by both theoretical frameworks are similar enough to be considered equally admissible for all practical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouse agriculture requires control of information related with a number of parameters in order to keep the environment under optimal conditions for the crops. Images of the plants supplies many useful information for evaluating the state of development of the crop. This work presents calculus of a two freedom degree robotic arm, equipped with a video camera for recording desired images of plants. Images will be sent to a computer for its analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Avances: Investigación en Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Libre, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)