Search

Copyright of IDP: Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica is the property of Universitat Oberta de Catalunya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Religación: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades is the property of Religacion: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Cultura Económica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Telos is the property of Revista Telos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides pioneering estimates of the impact of loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, also known as leverage, on Bolivia's GDP. The empirical evidence reveals the pro-cyclicality between the economic and financial cycles, which affects the intertemporal resource allocation processes between the financial and real sectors. The findings from the RBC model demonstrate that shocks in the loan-to-value (LTV) ratios trigger a rise in housing prices and greater consumption by entrepreneurs, leading to an increase in investment, employment, and output. Additionally, the study confirms that LTV ratios can be a double-edged instrument, as excessive use can potentially destabilize the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consistent underperformance of the Brazilian economy in the 21st century, despite some years of higher gross domestic product (gdp) growth in the 2000s, has coincided with positive outcomes in its financial system. This contradiction is examined in the article through the concepts of hegemony and financialization. The aim is to establish a connection between financial hegemony, economic structure, and aggregate profitability, to identify how the former affects negatively the latter. The weight of the financial sector and its ability to influence economic policies and sustain its gains in different contexts are evaluated. Additionally, the determinants of the profit rate and its relationship with structural factors are examined. The evidence points to a significant influence of financial capital, which, through adverse structural changes, affects long-term profit rate trends, and consequently affects the industry and foreign trade, while also allowing the financial sector to maintain its gains over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation was oriented to determine the relationship between private credit, total deposits and gross domestic product in the economy of Ecuador. The study is contextualized in the quantitative epistemological approach, the positivist paradigm. The type of research is correlational, supported by a documentary, non-experimental, retrospective and longitudinal design, taking as a source of information the quarterly data of the Central Bank, in the period 2007-2022. For data processing, the Granger causality test was used, which allowed the determination of short- and long-term relationships in the period 2007T1-2022T3, to later complement the analysis with the Engle-Granger Cointegration test to verify the existence of a long-term relationship between the variables to estimate the cointegration vector and validate it by fulfilling the Gauss-Markov assumptions. The results show that there is no bidirectional causality between the variables under study, but they are cointegrated in the long term at the level of their growth rates, since they are not stationary and have become integrated of order (1), this should to the low percentage of credit to the private sector with respect to GDP, even more so that allocated to productive activities, this is reflected in the miniscule participation of the financial sector GDP in total GDP, going from 2.55% in 2007 to 3.59% in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food security in our country is of great importance as it is related to agronomic and productive activity, which represents 8% of economic income that is related to the gross domestic product, it is divided for the entire country, being a source Employment allows people to acquire greater sources of income. The function of farmers is to produce essential foods for the nutrition of people in order to avoid malnutrition at the level of our country. In Latin America it has had a great influence because by helping this sector it has allowed us to improve food security by increasing improvements in the field either with the creation and use of technical irrigation, also with the existence of regulatory agents such as ISO standards that allow productive activities to comply with the process, in addition to complying with government standards. The food subsystems have a very important contribution not only in the economic factor but also due to the factors that accompany them, since they try to make the products more accessible and have an ideal nutritional activity that satisfies the needs, contributing with the activities of production, that is, with supply and demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate the effect of the implementation of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System on the reduction of mortality due to occupational accidents in Colombia during the period from 2009 to 2021. Methods and materials: An ecological study and an analysis of years of life lost from records of work-related accident deaths were conducted. Two sources of information were used: data recorded on the website of the Colombian Federation of Insurance Companies (Fasecolda) and records from the Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO). Population projections from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) were utilized. The estimation of the impact on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was carried out, and prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression. Results: 97.31% of workplace accident-related deaths were male, with 41.81% of them being between the ages of 27 and 44. As years increase, the risk of mortality due to workplace accidents decreases, with an annual mortality reduction of 6.12%. It was found that men between the ages of 20 and 40, residing in the departments of Antioquia and Cauca, have a higher risk of death compared to the capital. During the analyzed period, a total of 229,573 workplace accidents were recorded, resulting in 7,968 deaths. A reduction in the workplace accident mortality rate was observed from 2009 compared to 2021. Conclusion: The annual decrease in occupational mortality was 6.12% according to Fasecolda data, whereas using SISPRO data, an annual decrease of 17.75% was recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to quantitatively evaluate the impact of PT's governments on the GDP per capita of the Brazilian economy. To do that, we use a synthetic control approach to create a contrafactual of Brazil's GDP per capita and, after that, we compare the economic growth under PT's administration against the contrafactual. Once we estimate the standard model using one donor pool of emerging market economies, performed a placebo test and executed some robustness exercises, we did not find strong evidence that the effect of PT's governments on GDP per capita was negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aimed to analyze the behavior of the northeastern municipal economic dynamics explained in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in relation to the volume of the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) destined for each entity, the proportion obtained from the Votes by the Mayor Elected (VPE) in the face of the set of voters participating in the election on the spot and the Mayor-Elect Party Coalition (CPPE) established or not with the state governor, based on per capita variables, in the period of 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. Methodologically, it was used to measurement of research results the quantile regression model for panel data. The results showed that GDP responded positively to PBF and negatively in most countries. municipalities to the VPE and CPPE did not bring favorable impacts on the northeastern municipal economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism in Mexico is one of the most important economic activities, however, there isn’t any rigorously and systematically estimated data on the tourism gross domestic product (GDP) at the locality, municipality, or federal entity levels, which does not allow obtaining basic information for the construction of regional indicators and have more real knowledge about subnational tourist activity in the country. Hence, the general objectives that we intend to achieve in this research are: 1) to estimate the tourism GDP (GDPT) by states and municipalities for the year 2018 and its spatial distribution at the subnational level; 2) to calculate the tourism GDP by locality based on municipal and state GDPT estimates. Both estimates are carried out through rigorous econometric analyzes to provide certainty about their measurement and present the spatial distribution of tourist activity in the main towns, municipalities, and federal entities of Mexico. The empirical results obtained consist of data for 2018 of the tourism GDP for 828 localities, which participate with 90% of the national tourism GDP (GDPTN), 644 municipalities with 97% of the GDPTN, and 100% of the GDPTN for the 32 states of Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the relationship between agricultural methane and nitrous oxide emissions as a function of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and its quadratic term in 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries (1990-2019). It also considers the stock of foreign investment to test the polluting paradise hypothesis, agricultural land (AL), and, additionally, methane for nitrous function. The study comprised unit root and cointegration tests. Coefficients were estimated by using fully modified least squares (FMOLS), correlated common effects (CCE), and augmented mean group (AMG). Results by FMOLS show statistical evidence of an environmental Kuznets curve in the set of countries for methane and support the polluting paradise hypothesis. However, results from CCE and AMG show the opposite. For nitrous oxide, FMOLS confirms a U-shaped curve. The above supports a joint environmental policy for both gases, where AL is a key element. The previous results must be corroborated with other methods and the studies extended to other countries over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the relationship between the services sector and Ecuadorian economic growth using cointegration and causality econometric techniques from 1990-2018. The results indicate that services as a whole, particularly trade and transportation, positively impact economic growth in the long run. However, in the short term, services as a whole have a negative effect, which may be explained by the continuous deterioration of their productivity. Meanwhile, there is a causality effect ranging from trade to economic growth, and from GDP per capita to services as a whole and transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociedad y Economia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TraHs - Trayectorias Humanas Trascontinentales is the property of Universite de Limoges and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Publicando is the property of RPPH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sophia, Colección de Filosofía de la Educación is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Equidad y Desarrollo is the property of Equidad y Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates structural changes in the cyclical volatility of economic growth in Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil between 1980 and 2018. Focusing on Uruguay, we analyze the presence of structural breaks in the cyclical volatility of GDP while controlling for international volatility, following the procedures originally applied in McConell & Pérez-Quiroz (2000) and Stock & Watson (2002; 2003). The results indicate that following the economic crisis of 2002, Uruguay underwent a shift in the cyclical volatility of GDP, resulting in a reduction of over 50%. Brazil experienced a break in cyclical volatility earlier, in 1994, while Argentina did not exhibit any breaks in its volatility. The results obtained for Uruguay dismiss the notion that the observed reduction in volatility is primarily attributed to a scenario of reduced external volatility, also known as the 'good luck hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livestock farming is an activity of greater importance from an economic, social, cultural and environmental point of view, it contributes to the gross domestic product and generates employment. Production is affected in the dry season due to food shortages. For this reason, at the Portoviejo Experimental Station of the National Agricultural Research Institute, corn genotypes are evaluated for the production and conservation processes of forage in the form of silage. The test was installed at the Porvenir of Toachi facility, canton Santo Domingo, province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A divided plot design was used, with a 3x4 factorial arrangement, each treatment consisted of six ten-meter-long beds. The information was tabulated in the R program under the analysis of variance with separation of means for the multiple test of DGC probability at 5%. The hybrid INIAP 554 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare obtained the best yield of green forage (29,028.59 kgha-1) and the highest average dry matter (30.5%) of the silage, the hybrid INIAP 551 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare presented the lowest lodging values (3%). There were no significant differences for germination percentage, days to male flowering, plant height and fermentative characteristics of the silage. It is concluded that the hybrid INIAP 554 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare, produces a greater amount of green forage, under the climatic conditions of Porvenir of Toachi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is one of the most important emerging economies of the present historical moment. Thanks to its geographic and demographic extension, it is one of the countries with the greatest prospects for economic growth, but such growth has been hindered by high levels of poverty, inequalities and social vulnerabilities, falls in GDP and low human development indexes, in addition to the constant political tensions that have arisen since its independence. Today, it has gone from being an economy that privileged agriculture to a market economy, with a strong presence in the provision of services, with tendencies to strengthen relations with the European Union, Japan, the United States, Australia and Latin America. Future prospects include GDP growth, population growth, poverty reduction and a better position in relation to global economies. The method used for the elaboration of the research is of the analytical-descriptive type, it is concluded in the relevance of India within the present geopolitical scenario, in its vital presence for the provision of services, for commercial activity and for the strengthening of multilateral cooperation, with strong presence of Indian labor throughout the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The economic reforms and their implementation process boost the growth of the economy and trade in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam, economies in which an average growth in GDP that exceeds 5 percent, likewise the flows of foreign direct investment and trade present an increase, showing the four countries an orientation of opening to the external market. Thus, the objective of the research is to analyze the economic reforms and their importance in the dynamics of the economy and trade in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam from 1990 to 2021, there is also the hypothesis that the reforms in the four countries they contributed to the growth of the economy and trade, for this we worked through a documentary analysis that allowed the recovery of selective information to explain the growth of GDP and trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting convergence between regions is essential to ensure that both the wealthiest and poorest regions achieve comparable levels of development over time. With this objective in mind, the objectives of the research were to determine the existence of global convergence or convergence clubs among the regions in Peru, as well as to identify the factors influencing such convergence. To identify convergence clubs, the study utilized the load factor methodology introduced by Phillips and Sul (2007) and analyzed panel data from the 2004-2008 period. The results reveal the presence of three convergence clubs based on GDP per capita and labor productivity. Additionally, the composition of the clubs in terms of GDP per capita and labor productivity depend directly on human capital, royalty transfers, and spatial location. These findings suggest that the State should prioritize regions belonging to the poorer convergence clubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign direct investment (FDI) currently plays a relevant role in the world economy. During the last decades, several authors have been concerned about the relationship between foreign direct investment and the economic growth of a country. This work aims to identify if there is a correlation among these economic indicators, using China as study country. In order to meet this objective, a characterization of FDI is carried out in the selected country, with emphasis in its dissimilar contributions, and the determinants and incentives for investment. This work covers data fundamentally until 2019, in the context of pre-pandemic COVID-19. In addition, with the use of SPSS Statistics software and databases, a correlation study between the Gross Domestic Product and foreign direct investment has been carried out. As result, a direct and strong correlation between FDI and economic growth is obtained from the Asian country. At the end, there are experiences to following for Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Técnica Industrial: Revista Cuatrimestral de Ingeniería, Industria e Innovación is the property of Fundacion Tecnica Industrial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ECO Revista Académica is the property of Universidad Rafael Landivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lecturas de Economia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research analyzes the impact of investment in Research and Development (R&D) and the number of researchers on the economic growth of some of the economies of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), for the period 1996-2016. A causality analysis in the sense of Granger is performed and a panel data model is estimated. Data are obtained from the World Bank. There is empirical evidence of bidirectional causality between R&D and GDP per capita, but predominantly R&D Granger-causes GDP. Bidirectional causality is also found between the number of researchers and GDP per capita, but predominantly GDP Granger-causes the number of researchers. While the dynamic panel model of the MGM system in one stage shows that economic growth is positively affected by investment in R&D and the number of researchers. This work differs from others in the following aspects: 1) it considers a sample of 25 OECD countries in the period 1996-2016; 2) there is a greater availability of data, and 3) a dynamic panel data analysis is carried out that allows the use of a greater number of countries, variables and periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the origins of the Circular Economy (CE) are formally visualized in various disciplines and schools of thought in evolution since the 1970s, the results show that environmental economics and Industrial ecology were decisive in promoting its development. It is estimated that the application of the CE would positively impact global GDP by 1.1%, promoting the creation of jobs, a greater resilience of the economies and contributing to the goals outlined in the 2030 agenda. The purpose of this research is to improve the understanding of the background and growing importance of (CE) as a model of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a systematic analysis of the dynamics of the actors associated with the defense industry in Ecuador, as one of the economic branches that has the best chance of boosting economic growth through contributions to the Gross Domestic Product, employment generation and the promotion of national production. The analysis was carried out with a prospective approach, applying the quintuple helix innovation model that allows an integral analysis from the economic, social and environmental components to address a topic of great interest for Ecuador. The research methods applied were historical, systemic, dialectical and modeling, supported by procedures such as analysissynthesis and integration-abstraction. In particular, a comparative analysis was carried out between Ecuador and other countries in the region, which made it possible to determine common aspects and gaps, especially with Brazil, Latin America's leading country in this area. The development of the research project summarized in the article will allow laying the foundations for decision making in the sector focused mainly on two variables: investment policies and the management model to be implemented that will allow dynamizing the participation of the different public and private actors in the development of the Ecuadorian defense industry system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article, through the methodology of (Schintke & Staglin, 1988), processes the information contained in the Domestic Input Product Matrix at the basic price of the year 2018 (111 x 111), in order to verify the existence of a correlation (+/-) between the dynamics of significant impacts generated through minimal effort and the growing outsourcing of the economy. It is a matter of verifying the hypothesis that services to a greater extent contribute to disseminate, expand the possibilities of development of economies. The study confirms that outsourcing makes services activities with a significant contribution to GDP, and high productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The industrial sector plays an important role for the Mexican economy. 32% of GDP comes from companies inserted in the industrial sector, which generates a positive impact, since new jobs and new income are created in these organizations, which help economic growth. However, the companies of the industrial turn need to acquire resources to be able to develop, and one of the ways to achieve it is through bank credit; In this sense, it becomes a complex situation due to the existing credit constraint, derived from a series of events in the financial and banking system, such as the diversification of markets - multiple banking - and weak regulations. This article investigates the determinants for a bank loan granted to be destined to the industrial sector in Mexico. The quantitative data correspond to the period 2008-2018; However, the ENAFIN database contains data from 2010 to 2018, generating a limitation to make the research more robust. The regression analyzes used - PROBIT and TOBIT - show a forecast that when the economy improves, the probability (94%) that an approved bank loan will be granted to a company in the industrial sector increases; on the other hand, an increase in the amounts of bank loans granted to other items and a rise in the number of credit applications make the probability decrease (24% and 15%, respectively). Based on these results, the urgency of the political implications that help improve the link of bank credit with companies in the industrial sector is derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is analyzed which, according to the theory of economic integration, emphasizes the economic and trade benefits of the trade partnership between countries, particularly in gross domestic product and employment. From the comparative method, we contrast the RCEP with the T-MEC, the European Union and the TIPAT through the analysis of the main goods that the member countries of each trade agreement with each other, as well as with countries outside said agreements. We review the importance of each of the countries that make up the RCEP in terms of their products and trade partners. We hypothesize that the RCEP may become the main trade agreement in Asia-Pacific, thanks to China's economic-trade dynamism. We conclude that the RCEP will be, in the medium term, the new center of gravity of global trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo presenta una investigación empírica sobre la volatilidad económica de América Latina y el Caribe, comparándola con la de otras regiones. Primero se utiliza un filtro pasabanda asimétrico para descomponer series cronológicas de crecimiento del PIB en ciclos de diferentes tipos de 136 países, usando datos de Maddison Project Database del período 1950-2018. Después se utilizan métodos de agrupamiento k-medias para clasificar patrones de volatilidad. En la mayoría de los países de la región, la volatilidad se explica por el dominio relativo de ciclos económicos largos vinculados a una fuerte dependencia de las exportaciones de productos básicos, con cambios en la especialización resultado de cambios impulsados por la tecnología en los insumos utilizados por los países a los que exportan. Pese a lo que se afirma en la literatura, la región no es la más volátil del mundo, pero sus países tienen muchas características particulares comunes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various analyses have studied the hypothesis of the change in mortality rates, finding, in some cases, a decrease, which has been associated to different factors, including economic growth. This study applies a cross-quantilogram to study the relationship between GDP per capita and the mortality rate for both men and women, taking the United Kingdom as a case study. The objective is to show that there are associations between different quantiles of the variables studied. It is found that there are asymmetric associations, the results show that there is a greater impact of GDP (Gross domestic product) per capita on the mortality rate, compared to the opposite relationship. In the case of women and men, high quantiles of economic growth have a greater impact on reducing mortality rates compared to low quantiles of economic growth, this may be a factor that can be attributed to the highly loaded labor force for males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to show an econometric calibration through a model of simultaneous equations, using a sample made up of 231 monthly observations for the equations of: real GDP, and Credit from the Financial System in the Private Sector; between the periods of September 2003 and June 2023; that allows us to highlight the codependency of the variables mentioned above, through the use of other variables such as: monetary policy reference rate, liquidity of the financial system, CPI for food and energy, market capitalization, placement of corporate bonds, exports of copper and privatization of the operations of the Central Government. The econometric results show that there are consistent estimators for the first equation (of real GDP) at 95 percent confidence, taking into account the level of significance of the possible autocorrelation of the errors thanks to the applied tests. However, it does not turn out to be the same case for the second equation (related to credit), since these tests reveal the existence of a positive serial correlation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to find the relationship between the ideology of the political parties and economic growth in Mexico at the subnational level, considering the Political Business Cycle (PBC) under a partisan approach. A linear regression analysis with panel data has been used, where autoregressive models have been estimated considering the data of each State of Mexico for the period 1990-2020, the left-right spectrum has been employed to locate the position of the political ideology and the gross domestic product per capita to quantify the economic growth. Empirical evidence has been found that proves the existence of the CPE in its opportunist modality and only partial evidence of the CPE in its partisan approach in Mexico, which has shown a partial systematic behavior but not cyclical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper has two objectives, the first is to identify during the period 1993-2022 the economic cycles of Mexico and the USA. The second consists of showing the degree of economic integration of the two countries. Production data was obtained from the FRED database of the Federal Reserve of St. Louis. For the first objective, the growth cycles method was used, while for the second, an integration measure known as LINK was calculated. With the support of the growth cycle method, four cycles with five recessions were found in Mexico and the USA. Regarding integration, the percentage change in the variance of Mexican GDP because of innovations in US GDP, after 16 quarters, was a LINK of 87.48. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education is a fundamental factor for any citizen regardless of age, race, belief and sex. The objective of this research was to evaluate different statistical variables associated with education in the different countries of South America, in the last five decades. For the analysis of the information, the multivariate techniques called MANOVA, cluster and canonical analysis were used. A high percentage of illiterate people belonging to the third age was found, mainly in the rural sector. Bolivia is the nation that invests the highest percentage of GDP in education. Significant differences between nations were detected in the variables: gross domestic product, average number of students per teacher, percentage of literacy, percentage of students completing a cycle and educational life expectancy. It is concluded that the level of illiteracy is decreasing significantly in recent decades, which allows building a more equitable and inclusive society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to meet three objectives that were identified based on a documentary investigation: 1. Compare the levels of corruption registered in Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala and Mexico, 2. Study the relationship between other factors associated with a lower or higher presence of corruption in these countries. 3. Identify the most relevant causes of corruption in these nations and the programs developed to deal with them. Based on the cases of Chile and Costa Rica, the Rule of Law Index, the Executive Oversight, the Liberal Democracy Index, the Human Development Index and GDP per capita are positively correlated. In addition, it is shown that, if these indicators present poor results, as is the case in Colombia, Guatemala and Mexico, corruption increases. On the other hand, it can be seen that if such indicators are favorable, as is the case in Chile and Costa Rica, corruption decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Org & Demo is the property of Revista ORG & DEMO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estado, Gobierno, Gestión Pública is the property of Revista Estado, Gobierno, Gestion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)