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The ignorance of the climate aptitudes of areas where grape plantations (Vitis vinifera L.) are developed in Cuba has limited the productive potential of cultivars introduced for the development of this cultivation. Bioclimatic indexes for grapes growth during summer and winter seasons in Jagüey Grande municipality, Matanzas province, were determined in this work. Results showed that climate from this location is appropriate for setting up grape plantations; though it was detected as limitations that high humidity and temperature in certain periods of the year enhance the incidence of fungus diseases and may affect the productive parameters in this region. These results are basic for the selection of cultivars, rootstocks and the right management technologies as strategies for the adjustment of this crop to the Cuban climatic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Powdery mildew, caused by Uncinula necator (Schwein) Burrill is one of the most damaging disease affecting grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in Mendoza and worldwide, reducing yield and fruit quality. Throughout six growing seasons (2001/02; 2002/03; 2005/06; 2007/08; 2008/09; 2009/10), powdery mildew incidence values (expressed as daily epidemic increment rates) were observed in clusters from flowering to onset of ripening (change of color of the grape berries), in a grapevine planted with the susceptible Chenin cultivar at the EEA INTA Mendoza (Luján de Cuyo). From hourly values of thermal-moisture elements recorded by upper canopy sensors, meteorological variables were calculated in the 15 previous days of each epidemic observation. Using variables which integrate the effects of air temperature and humidity and frequency of light precipitations over the epidemic progress, logistic models were adjusted for estimating the probability of occurrrence of severe, moderate and nil epidemic increment rates, reaching maximum prediction accuracy of 92.5% (two variable models, N=40). Predicted values by the univariate model (selected by Stepwise procedure; prediction accuracy: 87.5%) were validated with the epidemic curve observed during 2000/2001 growing season. These model predictions could complement epidemic observations, giving regional scale to warning systems for improving the decision making process regarding disease chemical control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Terms related with grapevine diseases from the Spanish used in Uruguay in the 19th century showed lexical, semantic, and terminological variation. This was probably due to the fact that technical preparation of vine-growers was different and, thus, various terminological units were created and used. Those who had studied formally showed precision in their terms while those who had empirically learned, used general language to transmit their doubts. This study focuses on the 19th century terminology used in this field and the variant terms created to represent various degrees of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses viticulture, the cultivation of grapes, in the Balearic Islands of Spain in the 19th century. Drawing on financial and production records, the vineyard economy is discussed on the islands of Majorca and Minorca in particular, contrasting the domestic market focus of the latter with the export-oriented economy of the latter. Also discussed are the impacts of pests and disease, including Phylloxera and powdery and downy mildew, the latter of which were responsible for the decline of viticulture and winemaking on the islands after the 19th century.

The objective of this investigation was to provide new evidence about the model of permanence of yeasts of the grapevine in the natural cycle. It was carried out the observation, measurement of number and morphologic description of different aerial organs from the grapevine. It was come to the aseptic harvesting from samples in field of bud in activity, bud in rest, young leaf, adult leaf, bark, tendril, flower bud, flower, fruit. The results revealed two moments of maximum population of yeasts: in closed bud by the end of autumn and opened terminal bud in the middle of summer. The evolution of yeasts in the fruit referred to the surface of the berry showed little relation between both variables, whereas the value to consider would be the amount of yeasts by berry as unit. Bark displayed very uniform values throughout the vegetative cycle, assuming from this perspective the role of reserve of moderate importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planococcus ficus Signoret is an insect placed in the Order Hemiptera, Family Pseudococcidae. Lately high infestation levels have been reported in the vineyards of Mendoza. It feeds on a wide range of host and has been cited in many grape-growing areas. This pest can reduce the vine vigour, low the quality of the harvested grapes and affect the organoleptic features of wine. The aim of this work was study the bioecology, the distribution and seasonal behaviour of the vine mealybug. The trial was conducted on vineyards that had a history of mealybug infestation, sampling vines that showed symptoms. Have been taken pieces of bark in winter; leaves, buds and clusters in spring and summer. During the survey period, the mealybugs hibernates hide beneath barks in crevice on the trunk of the plant, as eggs laid on sac-egg. Mealybug completed six gene-rations in 2005. As soon as temperatures rise, crawlers move out onto aerial portions of the plant, settling on buds, leaves. From the 3rd generation of mealybugs clusters are reached. In fall the downward migration of the vine mealybug take place once again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta información sobre la uva caleta. Se habla de la presencia de la uva en Cuba y la cantidad de especies. El artículo da detalles sobre el hongo patógeno, Uredo coccolobae, y su relación con la uva y los problemas que el hongo puede producir, como lesiones en las hojas.