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Copyright of Lumina (0123-4072) is the property of Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina is the property of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista En-Contexto is the property of Tecnologico de Antioquia, Institucion Universitari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mirai. Estudios Japoneses is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Argentine floriculture presents a challenge that includes the improvement of production through the use of organic compounds. Phytohormones, such as brassinosteroids (BRs), are a promising alternative. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic response and structural changes in Petunia × hybrida leaf against the application of BRs. Dreams® Series seedlings were transplanted into pots, after 15 days the application of the first dose of BRs EP24 and BB16 was carried out. The second application was made after 20 days. For the agronomic analysis the following were evaluated: greenness index, biomass, foliar area and number of flowers; for structural changes: stomatal closure, deposition of callose and lignin. Results showed that plants treated with BB16 and EP24 showed higher biomass production in relation to absolute controls. Plants treated with EP24 showed an increase in the number of flowers, less stomatal opening, and greater deposition of callose and lignin in the vascular bundles of the main nerve. BRs could be used in the cultivation of Petunia × hybrida, as a biotechnological alternative to improve flower production, promoting plant growth and reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The indigenous territory of Zinacantán, Chiapas, was transformed beginning in the 1980s by the introduction of greenhouse flower cultivation. This technology displaced the ancestral practice of growing corn in plots, which meant that families had to invest more time in their new livelihood. Flower production increased their income, leading to changes in their diet. A problem that arose from intensive flower production was a shortage of water for human consumption and health problems due to the use of agrochemicals. The objective of our research was to show how these changes in agriculture, food, and environmental problems are intertwined. Our methodology was based on the qualitative method supported by ethnographic descriptions. We conducted thirty surveys with parents of households and eight semi-structured interviews, in addition to using social mapping and satellite imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Colombia, the flower agroindustry is an export-oriented sector, with a high feminization of labor and precarious working conditions that affect health. A qualitative case study was carried out to analyze the effects of employment and working conditions on the health of women workers in Madrid (Cundinamarca), the main flower-producing municipality, focusing on the trajectories and perceptions of women. Based on the articulation of contributions from Marxist feminism and social medicine-collective health, labor-health and labor-capital relations were explored. An analytical model was also developed on the association between frequent health problems and body conditions; emotional conditions and work practices; and between the working conditions at each production stage and employment conditions required to produce flowers. Seven recurring health problems were identified as suffered collectively, which are related to the lack of protective elements and inadequate infrastructure, the polyvalence of tasks, the extension of the working hours, and the pressures to increase the pace of production. It is shown that the tendency to reduce the cost of producing flowers through savings in salaries of personnel needed to cover the various tasks, the extension of working hours without remuneration or compensation and savings in infrastructure and protective equipment are mechanisms of surplus production, which allow entrepreneurs to accumulate profits at the expense of the health of those who work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: to evaluate the ornamental potential of 20 Cuban orchids as part of phase one of the methodological process of adaptation to the cultivation of native and endemic species for ornamental use. Materials and methods: the evaluation was carried out by building an evaluation matrix of 14 criteria divided into tree categories, based on previous studies in orchids and ornamental plants. Based on the sum of the qualification of each criterion, the ornamental value of the studied species was defined. Results: the following were classified as species with high ornamental potential: Bletia purpurea, Brassia caudata, Encyclia phoenicea, Trichocentrum undulatum, Prostechea cochleata and Encyclia plicata. Conclusions: the present study constitutes a methodological proposal to evaluate species with ornamental potential applied to Cuban orchid species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Terra Latinoamericana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El goal of this paper is to determine cultural, historical, social, religious and commercial links of the gardenia with the identity of the region of Fortin de las Flores, Veracruz; introduced as agribusiness in the 19th century, through a descriptive study with qualitative methodological framework and interpretative approach, using the technique of case study, interviews and snowball, due to the absence of publications and reliable crop data. The results establish that by several factors, primarily changes in land use to other crops, the closure of the passenger railway station at Fortin and the creation of the Mexico-Veracruz highway and other impacted that the traveler no longer stop in this region as buyer tourist of gardenias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Hojas y Hablas is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Monserrate - Unimonserrate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Commercial production of flowers, accumulation of water, and social struggles for equitable distribution and a healthier environment have an intimate relationship. Ecuador is the third world exporter of roses. Cayambe-Tabacundo is the main production region and counts with major water conflicts. Large floriculturists accumulate water, leaving the rest for subsistence agriculture and livestock in indigenous communities. Floriculture uses private environmental and fair-trade certification, but the standards are permissive. This article analyzes the power relations that steer flower certification practices. It concludes that only after pressure from government agencies, NGOs and user associations, floriculture began to meet the standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Antropología Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas: Investigacion y Reflexion is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of soil in potting production difficult the crop management and involves the depletion of a nonrenewable resource. Therefore, is necessary to find alternatives for replacement. The objective of this study was to formulate substrates from pine bark (C), leaves of pine (P) and subtropical peat (T) to evaluate their physicochemical properties and quality for growing flowering plants in pots. Seven formulated substrates were evaluated: 1) 1C:1P:1T, 2) 2C:1P:1T, 3) 1C:2P:2T, 4) 2C:1P:2T, 5) 2C:2P:1T, 6) 1C:4P:2T y 7) 2C:4P:1T, one local substrate (leaves of pine + subtropical peat + mineral soil) and one commercial substrate (Blonde and black peat + perlite + vermiculite). Bulk density, total pore space (TPS), water holding capacity (WHC), pore air (PA), particle size, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) was analyzed. Was performed a trial with Viola tricolor var. Yellow, one with Petunia hybrida var. White and one with Salvia splendes var. red. Each trial was composed of nine treatments (substrates evaluated) and 10 repetitions. At the end of the trials the number of buds and flowers, length and stem diameter, shoot and root dry mass were measured. The formulated and commercial substrate presented low bulk density (<0.4 g cm-3). The local substrate was noted for having the highest bulk density and percentage in the size fraction <1 mm due to the presence of soil in its formulation. The particle size >3.35 mm was higher in the substrate 6, 7 and commercial substrate; this explains the high percentage of PA in the first two. The substrates 6 and 7 showed the lowest values in the percentage of the fraction <1 mm, coinciding with lower CRA. All substrates had a suitable pH and EC values (pH: 5.5 - 6.3 and EC: < 1dS m-1 (1+5 v/v)). The substrates formulated obtained floral seedlings quality, but the substrates 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were highlighted to achieve greater absolute value in most variables. These substrates had a more balanced water/air ratio (PA <50% and CRA> 35%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo tiene como objetivo central presentar el diseño de dos instrumentos económicos para el control de la contaminación del suelo, generada por plaguicidas empleados en actividades agroindustriales como la floricultura. Así, mediante una revisión bibliográfica analítica, se realizó un reconocimiento de la normativa ambiental nacional e internacional en torno al control de la contaminación del suelo. Igualmente, se propone un modelo de gestión ambiental en empresas floricultoras colombianas. Este trabajo concluye que los subsidios e impuestos ambientales pueden ser elementos relevantes en la estructura general administrativa de una empresa, pues su incorporación promueve no sólo el aporte organizacional hacia el medio ambiente, sino que también incentivan el mejoramiento económico de la actividad, pues reconocen la competitividad y responsabilidad social, como componentes que pueden posibilitar el ingreso a nuevos mercados y lograr un mayor y mejor posicionamiento dentro de éstos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looking for safe and environmentally respectful products, retailers and manufacturers became more interested in the use of ‘sustainable’ methods. In the agricultural production this includes diverse concepts like integral farms, none or minimum pesticide use, environmental sensitivity, long term soil management, as well as preoccupations related to the worker dignity, health, and well-being. The Colombian floriculture represents one of the main agricultural sectors for the country, due to its employment generation and external money incoming, but its production can entail diverse ecological and social problems. It is here where the management systems and environmental certification work. The management is related to a process of continuous improvement through the planning, the implementation of good practices, the elaboration of protocols, registries and revision. In the floriculture there are different certification systems like EurepGAP-GAP, MPS, FLP and the Rainforest Alliance, among others. In Colombia the program Florverde, by Asocolflores, is remarkable. These systems present differences and similarities in their approaches and demands, but in general they can be related with the search of a greater sustainability on the flower production. Nevertheless, its sole implementation does not guarantee sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dendrobium, are among the most cultivated orchids worldwide, due to its easy cultivation and the large number of hybrids obtained of different shapes, colors and size. Dendrobium cultivars is sold as a cut flower, in vitro material and potter and they are placed as the fourth most sold among floricultural products, after the Palms, Dracaena and Anthurium. This scientific note shows the main characteristics of a new cultivar of Dendrobium. ´Tropical Classic´; it was obtained fromcross pollination between Dendrobium ´Taiwan´ and Dendrobium ´Kuranda Classic´. It is registered in the database of the Royal Horticultural Society of England, in Orchids Review Supplement 121 (1304), September 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]