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The article analyzes the future of Christians in the Holy Land after five months of war. In Gaza, Christians represent a small minority of about 1,000 faithful in a population of 2.3 million. They have sought refuge in the Holy Family parish, which has provided them with food, water, and medical attention. In the West Bank, the closure of borders prevents them from accessing their jobs in Jerusalem, and tourism has come to a halt. Emigration puts the survival of Christians in the region at risk, as many no longer see a future there. The situation in Gaza is desperate, with shortages of food, fuel, and medical care. The reconstruction after the war is estimated to last until 2093. Christians residing in the West Bank and East Jerusalem are facing a desperate situation due to the war in Gaza and the escalating tensions between Israelis and Palestinians. The region is experiencing a widespread economic crisis, with a record unemployment rate of 72%. The lack of pilgrims has left the local economy in ruins, affecting sectors such as religious tourism and the sale of souvenirs. Christians in the Holy Land are struggling for their survival and are calling for international solidarity to preserve the sacred sites. Aid to the Church in Need (ACN) has announced a second emergency aid package for Christians affected by the war in Gaza, which includes medicine, food vouchers, and support for education and housing. ACN will also support training programs for young Christians, providing them with new skills and employment opportunities. [Extracted from the article]

This article makes visible the productive-reproductive work of an organized group of women coffee growers in Chiapas with the theory of constructivist ecofeminism through a plate of good food that comes from three productive systems: orchard, cornfield, and coffee plantation in the context of pandemic by the COVID-19 virus, food shortages and the impact on the environment and health by processed foods. The research is qualitative and involves semi-structured interviews and participatory workshops using feminist ethnography. The consumption of local food contributed to strengthening the immune system of the families and therefore the community health, as they were unharmed by the virus, the women were in charge of the care of life in times of crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livestock farming is an activity of greater importance from an economic, social, cultural and environmental point of view, it contributes to the gross domestic product and generates employment. Production is affected in the dry season due to food shortages. For this reason, at the Portoviejo Experimental Station of the National Agricultural Research Institute, corn genotypes are evaluated for the production and conservation processes of forage in the form of silage. The test was installed at the Porvenir of Toachi facility, canton Santo Domingo, province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A divided plot design was used, with a 3x4 factorial arrangement, each treatment consisted of six ten-meter-long beds. The information was tabulated in the R program under the analysis of variance with separation of means for the multiple test of DGC probability at 5%. The hybrid INIAP 554 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare obtained the best yield of green forage (29,028.59 kgha-1) and the highest average dry matter (30.5%) of the silage, the hybrid INIAP 551 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare presented the lowest lodging values (3%). There were no significant differences for germination percentage, days to male flowering, plant height and fermentative characteristics of the silage. It is concluded that the hybrid INIAP 554 at a density of 125,000 plants per hectare, produces a greater amount of green forage, under the climatic conditions of Porvenir of Toachi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arxiu d'Etnografia de Catalunya is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Organizations / Revista Internacional de Organizaciones (RIO) is the property of Analisi Social i Organitzativa grup de recerca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the Tigray region, in northern Ethiopia, the war has caused thousands of deaths and massive displacements of people. The government of Abiy Ahmed and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) have announced a ceasefire and the cessation of hostilities. There have been massive human rights violations and a humanitarian crisis in the region, with food shortages and the destruction of churches. Bishop Tesfaselassie Medhin has called for a peaceful solution and the Pope has called for a ceasefire and humanitarian assistance. It is expected that the ceasefire will facilitate access to humanitarian aid. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To characterize the growth dynamics of fattening males under rational Voisin grazing conditions on soils with undulated to rough topography, in the humid tropics of Los Santos, Panama. Materials and Methods: The trial was conducted in a production area of 8,40 ha, divided into 24 paddocks of 0,35 ha as average. The pastures were managed according to the principles and concepts of rational Voisin grazing. Fifty-three steers were used, with Zebu basis and its F1 and F2 crossings (Zebu x Holstein), divided into two fattening groups. The first fattening period (27 animals) lasted 150 days, and the second (26 animals), 79 days. The initial weights were 369 and 401 kg, for the first and second group, respectively. The animals were weighed every 30 days to determine live weight gain per period and individual daily gain. The data were processed by variance analysis and Duncan's test was used for p < 0,05. Results: The grazing pressure was high (4,63 kg DM/100 kg LW/day), with an average pasture availability of 23,2 kg DM/a/day. The animals of the first fattening cycle averaged 0,653 kg/day, with a beef production per hectare of 336,63 kg. In the second cycle, they gained 0,670 kg per day; while beef production was 145,55 kg/ha. The two continuous fattening periods allowed the farmer to sell more than 24 t of live beef in one year. Conclusions: It is concluded that the fattening of Zebu bulls and its F1 and F2 crossings in a Voisin rational grazing system is feasible, because average gains close to 0,700 kg/animal/day are obtained, without weight loss at times of higher food shortage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article talks about the fall of the Khmer Rouge and the taking of the city of Phnom Penh in Cambodia, by the army Vietnamese, Colonel Mai Lam, forensic expert in corpse analysis in war zones. It mentions about the crises faced by Cambodia such as food shortages, epidemics, destruction of economic infrastructure; and Vietnam, as an ally of the Soviet Union, was considered by the United Nations an invasive and expansionist state.

The religious authorities of Ukraine, including the Catholic Church, express their opposition to violence and commit to supporting their faithful despite the difficulties caused by the conflict in the country. The organization Aid to the Church in Need has provided financial support to priests and religious in Ukraine, with the aim of helping the population affected by the conflict. The foundation has provided support to the diocese of Kharkiv-Zaporizhia and the city of Mariupol, where the situation is described as hellish due to bombings and shortages of food and water. The foundation has urged people to pray for peace in Ukraine. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Historical knowledge of climate is essential to analyze its variability over time, as well as its impact on natural ecosystems and human populations. Objective: To analyze the annual growth of the sabino trees, also known as ahuehuete trees (Taxodium mucronatum) from the Sabinas River to reconstruct the historical variability of precipitation in El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Methods: The annual growth of 116 sabino samples was dated to develop a chronology of 544 years (1474-2017). The period that admitted a series of samples suitable for climate analysis extends from 1550 to 2017 (468 years). Results: Based on the analysis of the response function, it was determined that the winter-spring precipitation (November-May) significantly influenced the radial growth of sabinos in the study area (R= 0.77, P < 0.001). The reconstruction recorded high climatic variability at interannual and interdecadal levels, in which the presence of droughts was identified at the beginning and end of each century, as well as the presence of extreme cyclical droughts every 50 years. These droughts stood out for their social and economic impact at the regional and national level. The most important droughts are the "Año Uno Conejo" ("Year One Rabbit") according to the Aztec calendar in 1558. In 1696 with a strong impact in Northern Mexico. "El Año del Hambre" ("The Year of Hunger") in 1785-1786. Also, the drought of 1801 that brought alongside food shortages. 1951 within the period of "Mass migration of the rural sector"; and the most recent drought, recorded in 2011. The most representative extreme rainfalls occurred in 1756 and 1816. Conclusions: If the precipitation pattern registered at El Cielo Biosphere Reserve continues, it is possible to expect the presence of extreme droughts in the mid and late 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the problem of hunger in the world, one of the most aberrant phenomena with which humanity began the new decade. Starting in 2014, an upward trend in food insecurity began to manifest itself, reaching serious levels in 2019-2020. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, concern grew about the effects it could have on the food crisis worldwide and, especially, in Latin America and the Caribbean. The latter, because it is the region where commercial access to food is among the most expensive in the world. By the way, Latin America does not face a shortage of food, but on the contrary it has an abundance of them. These contradictions make it necessary to question whether market liberalization has been a solution to solve the problem of hunger at the world level. As well as reviewing the relevance of "official" food security policies and their driving institutions. One of the solutions is to achieve coordinated and permanent action by the States to guarantee the provision of food to the population and prevent the advance of hunger. Our conclusion is that the strengthening of regional integration projects based on food sovereignty is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Estudios Politicos (01215167) is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Analyze the Mexican food policy in the period 2000-2018; measure the intensity of the intervention of four food programs and the changes in the levels of food shortage at state level between 2010 and 2015 and the effect of those programs on the lack of food in the Mexican states. Methodology: Documentary and statistical analysis from secondary sources; the latter included the construction of indicators and the application of the statistical regression technique to quantify the relationship between coverage levels and spending of four food support programs at the state level, as well as between these and the behavior of food shortage between 2010 and 2015. Results: The programs do not share a specific resources distribution pattern, although all show an expansion of their coverage, probably related to the increase in their spending level. However, according to the analysis carried out, the increase in the intervention of the set of programs between 2010 and 2015, did not have a significant effect in the reduction of the food shortage and, in some states, it did not avoid its increase between both years. Limitations: The exploratory study section does not delve into the contextual factors that could be conditioning the results of the programs, for which new research is required that limits the intervention capacity of the programs in the face of important changes in the economic or social environment. Conclusions: The results show that it should be questioned the effectiveness of the resources assigned to certain food programs, as well as the criteria under which the priority federal entities are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Tiempos Modernos is the property of Tiempos Modernos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses food shortages and mortality crises in Cantabrian Mountains, Spain between 1680-1860. Various aspects discussed include food consumption behavior of consumers in the region, famines between the period, adult mortality crises, crop failures, impact of famines on mortality rate and impact of shortages on family budgets.

This article discusses the efforts of the municipal government of Jalapa in Veracruz, Mexico, to prevent famine during the period 1914-1917. The author comments on the establishment of the Junta de Administración Civil (Civil Board of Directors) and describes the policies they enacted in regards to food shortages and to curb the prevalence of famine in the region. The relationship between the prices of agricultural products and food shortages is examined, and the government's purchase of grain is also detailed.

El artículo discurre sobre la importancia de mantener niveles aceptables de nutrición en países en desarrollo. El autor comenta sobre el rol de los gobiernos en la implementación de políticas asociadas con la alimentación de sus poblaciones. También se considera el trabajo del Programa Mundial de Alimentos de las Naciones Unidas.