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Resumen: En los dos decenios siguientes a la adopción del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, la OIT aplicó un enfoque realista al defender que el ejercicio de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST) como derecho fundamental pasaba por garantizar ciertas condiciones económicas previas. El presente estudio histórico‐comparativo pasa revista a la actuación de la OIT en ese contexto, a la luz del nuevo complejo de incertidumbre sanitaria mundial y de la incorporación de la SST al marco de principios y derechos fundamentales en el trabajo. Se analiza también la aplicabilidad de un enfoque de realismo vigilante a la labor actual de la OIT en este campo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a detailed comparison of the skills and competencies required for systems and computer engineers in Colombia and the rest of Latin America. The research uses data from 187 universities, based on the ranking from the Cybermetrics Lab of the Spanish National Research Council, to categorize 16 generic and 20 specific competencies that these professionals should possess. The comparison is carried out using Venn diagrams and statistical analysis of frequency and proportionality to identify similarities and differences between the two regional groups studied. The findings of the study are crucial for understanding regional variations in the academic preparation and job expectations of systems and computer engineers. This comparative analysis proves to be a valuable tool for both companies and academic institutions in the decision-making process. Companies can use this information to assess the suitability of candidates based on specific competencies, while universities can tailor their curricula to meet the demands of the job market and enhance the quality of education. In summary, the study offers a comprehensive overview of the essential competencies of systems and computer engineers in Colombia and Latin America, enabling more informed and effective decision-making in the academic and business sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Sociología is the property of Federacion Espanola de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Poligramas is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen: El salario mínimo ha sido una cuestión controvertida desde que se in‐trodujo en la legislación de Australia, los Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido a principios del siglo XX. Los defensores del salario mínimo justifican la intervención estatal basándose en principios de equidad y bien social, mientras que sus detractores se amparan en la teoría del mercado. En este artículo se examina la influencia de estas dos posiciones ideológicas en la fijación de los salarios, y los consiguientes resultados de una y otra. El objetivo es colmar la falta de estudios comparativos sobre los orígenes, la evolución y los actuales sistemas de reglamentación del salario mínimo en los tres países. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Publicaciones s de la Facultad de Educacion y Humanidades del Campus de Melilla (Universidad de Granada, Espana) is the property of Universidad de Granada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigacion Educativa is the property of Universidad ORT Uruguay and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the Spanish-Literature subject is to increase the communicative competence of the students, for this reason the work is carried out aimed at the development of the teaching)learning process of literary analysis and the use of audiovisual media specifically with the dramatic work House of dolls, by Henrik Ibsen. The objective of the research responds to solving the scientific problem, as an investigative result observation guides are offered that strengthen the teaching-learning process of literary analysis with the use of the projection of the cinematographic version of the theatrical work. The research used as methods and techniques of the theoretical level, the historical-logical, the analytical-synthetic, the inductive-deductive, modeling, the empirical level observation and techniques such as surveys, interviews and document analysis were used. From the mathematical and statistical methods, the percentage analysis was applied in graphs and tables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Perceived social support during gestation is important for perinatal mental health. However, little is known about these variables in the Colombian population. Objective: To compare perceived social support with sociodemographic and gynaeco-obstetric variables and positive affect in pregnant women in Santa Marta, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Forty women between 19 and 41 years of age (M=26.48; SD=5.03), in their third trimester of pregnancy and beneficiaries of a program to promote exclusive breastfeeding, participated. The participants filled out a sociodemographic and gynaeco-obstetric form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (a=0.88), and a subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (a=0.82). The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparative statistical analyses. Ethical guidelines for human research were followed. Results: 67% of the participants belonged to a low socioeconomic status, 87.5% had a partner, 67.5% had a higher education, 42.5% were employed, and 47.5% were new mothers. Women of higher socioeconomic status perceived greater social support from their friends (p = 0.01). Family social support was significantly higher in first-time mothers (p=0.01) and mothers who reported higher positive affect (p = 0.03). Finally, social support from significant others was higher when it was the woman's first pregnancy (p=0.02). Conclusions: Significant differences were found in some dimensions of perceived social support according to socioeconomic status, being a first-time mother, and positive affect. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Praxis & Saber is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article makes known the Mapudungun versión of dialogues colected by Dr. Rodolfo Lenz, which were included in his book Estudios Araucanos. The dialogues are exactly as they are expressed today in Chedungun, the dialectal variant of the language spoken in the Pehuenche community of Cauñicú, in the Alto Bío-Bío (VIII Region). These dialogues were shared by various speakers who are highly competent in their natal tongue. The dialogues in Chilean Pehuenche obtained by Dr. Lenz fron Sejundo Jara (Kallvün) are included for comparativwe purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bordón: Journal of Education / Revista de Pedagogía is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Pedagogia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The disease caused by the dengue virus constitutes a serious health problem for tropical countries. The last decade has seen the re-emergence of this entity in Cuba, with evident changes in its clinical behavior. Objective: to compare the clinical-epidemiological behavior between two series of cases of patients with dengue confirmed diagnosis, in different periods of time. Methods: a descriptive, comparative study that included two series of cases of hospitalized patients with dengue confirmed diagnosis: series A, sample of 83 patients seen in 2017; and series B, sample of 327 seen in 2018. Variables such as: age, signs and symptoms, clinical findings, alarm signs, severe forms, and indicators of quality of care in dengue patients were analyzed. Results: in general, the acute febrile syndrome predominated, although other signs and symptoms such as asthenia, anorexia, rash and retro-ocular pain, manifested a higher incidence in series B. In both groups the most frequent paraclinical finding was lymphocytosis. In series B, the quality standards for the care of patients with dengue were more affected; as well as it also presented a higher rate of alarm signs, serious forms and complications. Conclusions: Although the study analyzed series of patients in two consecutive periods, the more complex behavior was evident in the second, due to the higher incidence of symptoms and less favorable figures for the quality standards established for the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanica Olomucensia is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pedagogía Social is the property of Pedagogia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is part of a broader research project focused on analyzing rockshelters and shallow caves located in different regions and geological contexts in Argentina. The main goal is to evaluate patterns and peculiarities in the development of their morphologies and stratigraphies from a geoarchaeological perspective. These sites provide restricted environments with particular dynamics that form, evolve, fill up, and collapse in many different ways that need to be studied at a regional scale to interpret the archaeological and taphonomic records they contain. In one same area, these geoforms can be found at different steps of evolution; but the velocity of this change process, as well as their characteristics, are poorly known for different regions of the country. Thus, 24 case studies, located in different areas, are analyzed in this contribution to start evaluating patterns and recurring processes. So far, some interesting regularities have been observed, regarding the sites themselves (morphologies, types, and dimensions) as well as their sedimentary deposits (characteristics and chronologies). The preliminary results obtained, begin to offer useful information for their archaeological and taphonomic interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Pedagogicos (Valdivia) is the property of Estudios Pedagogicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este estudio comparativo, los autores analizan los vínculos entre las relaciones laborales y los ajustes salariales o de plantilla tras la crisis de 2007-2008, a partir de dos encuestas comparables sobre empresas de Gran Bretaña (WERS) y de Francia (REPONSE) en 2010-2012. Pese a las diferencias contextuales (composición del tejido productivo, circunstancias temporales e intensidad de la crisis), los vínculos entre las relaciones laborales y las estrategias de ajuste son parecidos (la presencia sindical no logra evitar los ajustes). Por lo tanto, la diferenciación de los sistemas de relaciones laborales no permite explicar las divergencias entre las modalidades de ajuste a nivel macroeconómico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003-2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU-SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se analizan las diferencias de ingresos entre migrantes calificados occidentales, árabes y asiáticos del sector privado en los países del Consejo de Cooperación del Golfo de 2012 a 2014. Utilizando dos métodos de descomposición estándar, se investiga si las percepciones de los empleadores son la causa de la prima salarial de los occidentales. Según los resultados, de un tercio a tres cuartos de la brecha de ingresos reales por hora son atribuibles a las características relacionadas con la productividad, y el resto a los mayores costos de oportunidad. El efecto potencial de las percepciones no observadas resulta no significativo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, theories on how to select executives at universities, and ways in which they are selected in practice are identified with the aim of comparing them with the ways executives are selected at the Salesian Polytechnic University of Ecuador (UPS) in particular. How to search for candidates, what criteria are applied to select them, how the selection process goes, and how executives are trained, are the main things which are compared. Finally, major differences between executive selection process at the UPS and in other institutions are presented and analyzed for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: Aunque el espectacular aumento de la participación laboral femenina en los últimos decenios se relaciona con cambios significativos en las oportunidades económicas de la mujer, las disparidades laborales de género persisten en muchas formas. Este artículo evalúa si las mayores diferencias de género en los mercados de trabajo europeos están directamente relacionadas con las malas condiciones económicas. Con este fin, se actualizan los resultados de un indicador compuesto diseñado por las autoras en un estudio anterior y se construyen tres nuevos indicadores compuestos que arrojan clasificaciones de las condiciones laborales de hombres y mujeres por separado, y de la brecha de género. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality assurance policies have expanded in the educational scenario in diverse parts of the world. At the school system level, there is a growing body of literature related to the design, implementation and effects of these reforms. However, there is little attention to these policies at the level of early years education. This article aims to analyze systems of quality assurance at this educational level in different countries. For this purpose, the results of a comparative research are presented that included the study of eight countries/regions: Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, United States (Colorado), England, Italy (Reggio Emilia) and Sweden. The research identifies two models that respond to different socio-historical contexts and traditions in educational policy; named "performance accountability" and "professional-communitarian accountability". The paper concludes with lessons from both models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Letras (Lima) is the property of Letras, Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas. Universidad Nacional Mayor De San Marcos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ingeniería Solidaria is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Desarrollo Económico is the property of Instituto de Desarrollo Economico y Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spanish Journal of Comparative Education / Revista Española de Educación Comparada is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen La autora analiza los ingresos de los trabajadores del cuidado en el Canadá, Estados Unidos, Japón, República de Corea y Taiwán (China) con microdatos del Luxembourg Income Study. Desagregando las definiciones existentes del trabajo del cuidado, distingue entre ocupaciones de categoría superior e inferior, según el grado de «cierre social», revelando la prima o penalización salarial asociadas en los países del estudio. También estima empíricamente las similitudes y diferencias entre países en función de su régimen de bienestar, «liberal» o de «desarrollo productivista», corroborando la hipótesis de que la globalización ha fomentado una convergencia sustancial del mercado internacional del cuidado. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anagnórisis: Revista de Investigación Teatral is the property of Anagnorisis: Revista de Investigacion Teatral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Analisis Politico is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Some of the historical and political aspects that have shaped Library and Information Science professions in Spain, and other countries such as Brazil and the United States, are reviewed. This paper aims to identify some of the key trends and to propose some contents that should be covered by graduate and undergraduate programs. I propose a greater emphasis on technology, ethics, critical theories, and research in LIS studies, as well as a closer collaboration with Journalism, Communication, and Computer Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Organizations / Revista Internacional de Organizaciones (RIO) is the property of Analisi Social i Organitzativa grup de recerca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen La importancia de armonizar las definiciones estadísticas nacionales de empleo e inactividad es evidente, tanto en aras de la exactitud en general como de la comparabilidad de los datos internacionales. Se comparan aquí someramente las prácticas estadísticas de Albania, Bosnia y Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croacia, Eslovenia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia y Turquía. Si bien todos estos países recaban datos a través de encuestas de población activa, existen discrepancias en las definiciones y la clasificación según la situación laboral de determinados grupos, en particular en lo que respecta a la categoría estadística de desempleo. Por eso es necesario continuar la labor de armonización. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the beginning of 2014, a comparative study was started on literacy of cadets of the Military Academy between the years 2010 and 2014, in order to verify if changes made and suggested by the study carried out in 2010 concerning the implementation of creative workshops I, II and III had an effect on the military training of young cadets, as well as to identify what kind of actions must be taken to improve, in search of academic excellence of tje Military Academy of Cadets regarding literacy, i.e., the ability to read and write. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the well-being as a linguistic, cultural, philosophical and economic concept. It states that the welfare, as an abstract concept, is especially representative of the culture and the national image of the world, because it has no real immediate support in the extralinguistic reality. Firstly, author makes a review of some important conceptions of well-being in philosophy and economics. Their study indicates that many classical philosophical conceptions accept the existence of three types of well-being with a preeminence of internal well-being over the external and physical ones, whereas the economic concept mainly focuses on its external aspect. Secondly, this article presents the results of a linguistic study of the concept of well-being based on the analysis of components. After a brief explanation of the principles of construction of lexical-semantic fields, author describes and compares the lexical-semantic fields of the concept of well-being in the Spanish and Russian languages. Thirdly, author claims that in the study of abstract concepts such as well-being, the analysis of components should be complemented by the analysis of combinability in order to discover their associative potential. This article presents the results of a comparative study of combinatorial properties of the lexemes bienestar y блᵃгᵒϲᵒϲτᵒяᵒие in Spanish and English, respectively. Finally, author concludes that the concept of well-being has an important place in both Spanish and Russian linguistic cultures and highlights the similarities and differences in the way speakers of both languages perceive it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The aim of the study is to determine the concordance between the PROCAM (Prospective Cardiovascular Münster) and Framingham scales in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Materials and methods. A cross sectional study was conducted in HIV-positive male population who use HAART in a national reference hospital located in Lima, Peru. To evaluate the concordance between the two scales the graphic method of Bland and Altman was used, for the evaluation of the correlation we used the Pearson coefficient and to measure the agreement we use the kappa coefficient. Results. 111 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 47.0 years. The distribution of patients according to the risk was low, moderate and high, 81.2%, 13.6% and 5.4% respectively for PROCAM and 71.2%, 25.2% and 3.6% for Framingham. According to the graphic method of Bland and Altman, the concordance was adequate in low values and was lost as the risk score increased. Pearson's test found a strong correlation (r=0.87 and p<0.05) and the kappa coefficient was 0.56 (p<0,001). Conclusions. The agreement we found at low risk decreases as the risk increases. Strong correlation was found between the two scales. We recommend further studies in order to know which scale of cardiovascular risk is the most optimal scale for clinical practice among HIV population who receive HAART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing importance of participatory processes as a complement to representative democracy in local spaces among other results have led to a substantial increase in the experiences of participatory budgets. These experiences have been -since its beginning- observed from different standpoints, in order to understand them and, at the same time, determine the possibilities of their primary aims. We present a methodology for the evaluation and comparison of one of the main protagonists of the processes of participatory budgets: the citizens' proposals -equipment, work, activities, and services- in which these experiences are developed. Thereby providing quantifiable criteria for both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the objectives of participatory budgeting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencia, Tecnologia y Sociedad is the property of Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)