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Copyright of Semestre Económico is the property of Sello Editorial de la Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The economic inclusion of the vulnerable and/or excluded from the market constitutes an element of unsustainability both for the market and for states, societies and economic agents. In his works, Adam Smith addressed this problem by proposing a double reciprocal system of economic behavior: the exchange of equivalents, based on self-interest and the contract between the parties, and inclusive reciprocity, based on the benevolence and active participation of the parties. involved and/or affected. While the former was shown to be the most suitable for establishing relationships between economic agents within the market, the latter offered the possibility of achieving effective inclusion of both the vulnerable and the excluded. The objective of this work will be to propose an inclusive reciprocity of Adam Smith, developed through the cordial recognition of Adela Cortina, as a mechanism of effective economic inclusion of vulnerable economic agents and non-economic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo presenta una aproximación al tratamiento mediático y online de la economía sumergida en Navarra realizada mediante técnicas de big data. En base a determinadas palabras clave y a través de dos instrumentos (web mining para la información generada en Internet y MyNews para la prensa escrita) se ha realizado un estudio acerca del mercado de trabajo sumergido en el periodo 2016-2018. Pese al carácter polisémico de este concepto, gran parte del contenido de las referencias analizadas versa sobre el fraude fiscal y presenta connotaciones críticas a pesar de la condescendencia hacia este fenómeno. Asimismo, la presencia en redes sociales de comentarios sobre esta temática es prácticamente inexistente y no se configura como canal de conversación. Esto abre un interesante espacio para que las administraciones adquieran mayor presencia en las redes sociales poniendo en marcha medidas de concienciación y mostrando mayor eficacia contra esta lacra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atlantic Review of Economics / Revista Atlántica de Economía is the property of Colegio de Economistas de La Coruna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atlantic Review of Economics / Revista Atlántica de Economía is the property of Colegio de Economistas de La Coruna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The crisis and the loss of population activates in subsectors as the construction and other partners to the services, has propitiated the return and incorporation of many workers to the primary activity. This return is carried out fundamentally out of the system of official control, turning into an economic irregular activity that nowadays it supports to many homes. The Administration, to avoid this situation, has carried out measures like the banks of lands and the urban gardens, which alone have supposed a partial solution to the poor familiar economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studiositas is the property of Studiositas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Firstly, the article argues that contemporary immigration into Italy, as well as into the other countries of southern Europe, is motivated, among other reasons, by the labour market demand from the receiving economic systems. In a framework of restrictive immigration policies, a well-established underground economy fosters unauthorized immigration but, when they are regularized by frequent amnesties, immigrant workers satisfy a large demand for registered labour, although at the lowest levels of the occupational ladder. However, the new immigrants are different from the «targeted» ones of the old European immigration, because many of them are highly educated people who have no other choice than to take jobs that require little in the way of qualifications. Using data from a survey carried out on 8,000 immigrants living in the largest Italian region, the second part of the article focuses on two points: whether the proportion of educated immigrants is lower among those who entered Italy more recently and how education levels affect the insertion of immigrants into the receiving labour market. The results show that the behaviour of the new immigrants is also different. The fact that «those that follow» are just as educated as the «explorers» always were confirms that unauthorized immigration is permanently self-selected. Finally, if we control other factors, education levels do not appear to affect the employment and unemployment probabilities of immigrants. We can suppose, therefore, that higher levels of education are not a resource, but a social constraint for many immigrants who do have not a merely instrumental commitment to work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]