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Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the functionality of ecological design or ecodesign of sustainable products, as well as the evolution of applicable regulations in this field research. In particular, the new regulation proposed by European Commission is analyzed and evaluated, noting those innovations that stand out. Actually, this issue acquires great technical, legal and economic interest, as an advanced and complex common regime envisaged via the EU Regulation, where this environmental instrument stands as the main measure of action for the achievement of strategic objectives intended. The projected regulation could have important effects in different areas and key sectors; it is therefore worth examining the new developments planned and their possible implications for practice. Likewise, it is necessary to bear in mind that the reasons for which this regulatory renewal promoted from EU Law, at this time and in the public or collective interest. Considering all these aspects, an assessment of the projected regime provided, the impact of which could be very relevant. It also outlines the opportunities opened up by this ambitious regulation and the action plan already underway, as eco-design would become a mandatory practice, that is, a required or enforceable requirement for most products distributed in the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermeir@s is the property of Colegio Oficial de Enfermeria de Lugo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Hidalguía is the property of Revista Hidalguia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La vigente Ley de Contratos del Sector público (Ley 9/2017, de 8 de noviembre) ha reforzado la consideración y valoración positiva del cumplimiento de determinados presupuestos cualitativos, ambientales y sociales; lo que, sin duda, supone un destacado avance en lo relativo a la integración y exigencia de dichos aspectos en el ámbito de la contratación pública. De este modo la contratación pública se muestra hoy como útil herramienta estratégica para fomentar el cumplimiento ambiental pretendido. Ello ha sido posible gracias al impulso común desde el Derecho de la Unión Europea (vía las Directivas de última generación dictadas en esta materia). En este sentido se reflexiona en este texto sobre la oportunidad que se ofrece en este ámbito de actividad, para reforzar asimismo el Sistema administrativo de Responsabilidad Ambiental, a efectos de evaluar y prevenir eventuales riesgos ambientales, y en su defecto, garantizar la efectiva cobertura de daños. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia, Docencia y Technologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The broad projection of the climate issue in the present and future is now recognized it involves acting with certainty and speed, taking firm decisions and joint actions that are effective and at the same time efficient, all in the collective interest. In this context, the energy transition process emerges and takes shape on the basis of the European and national strategies that have been drawn up in order to comply with the international commitments undertaken. Without a doubt, the climate challenge brings important challenges (global), - environmental, social and economic-, towards the configuration of the new energy paradigm, and therefore, it also involves updating the classic regulatory system. This paper examines and reflects on main aspects of this energy evolution, where renewables are positioned as a necessary alternative. This, in turn, can be a good opportunity for the competitive consolidation of our energy sector, linked to "responsible" investment of the "renewable energy projects" which are solid and viable in the long term. It also refers to the new modalities of agreements in this area that are implemented to that end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigación Agraria is the property of Investigacion Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of kul-tur: Revista Interdisciplinària Sobre la Cultura de la Ciutat is the property of kul-tur: Revista Interdisciplinaria Sobre la Cultura de la Ciutat and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to reflect on the need to boost the growth of biotechnology, reinforcing its socio-economic projection, and with it, scientific research, development and innovation in this field; which, in turn, will promote the advance of different productive sectors, with high interest in our country. In particular, it examines the main characteristics that identify biotechnological inventions, those that integrate or apply living or biological matter. In this way, recognizing its specialty, a detailed description of the legal requirements for its patentability is provided, and according to the current patent system and in order to observe the main issues that arise in the field of biotechnological inventions (unlike other inventions). In this sense, this text illustrates the positive evolution of the applicable regulatory framework, with special reference to the new Patent Law 24/2015, of July 24, of patents that will come into force in April 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gestión y Ambiente is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With this article we're trying to contribute to the knowledge of the warlike events occurred in Genoa during the spring of 1747, through the exchange of unknown correspondence among some of the principal Spanish allies of this republic, led by Carvajal and Ensenada who found in don Fernando of Silva, Duke of Huéscar (later Duke of Alba), the best link for the conformation of a social network that allowed an unofficial knowledge in order to improve the capacity of action in favour of the interests of Spain in the above mentioned republic. An interpersonal analysis of a historical fact that reveals the diplomatic «tense relationship" between France and Spain, joined by the Family agreement of 1743 and that was decisive for the diplomatic strategies accomplished by both of them during the negotiations of the Peace of Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), which came to an end with the War of the Austrian Succession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brocar: Cuadernos de Investigación Histórica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diaeta is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Dietistas & Nutricionistas Dietistas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The program of the UNCPBA Veterinary Medicine degree has a strict subject correlative order system leading to frequent academic delays. The percentage of students who completed the Histology Embryology and Teratology 2009 course (considering the partial tests and two resist examinations) was below 80% with a downward trend for the period 2006-2009. The objective of this work was to examine whether the implementation of methodological changes that include activities with principles of formative assessment could improve the quality of the teaching-earning process. The proposal included: to teach the topics evaluated in practical works (PW) allowing enough time for reading and comprehension; to present the students with power point files with images of histological preparations in each PW; to give them the PW assessment in writing; to allow resist of PWs corresponding to basic tissues after delivery of the corrected assessment; mandatory seminars and consultation meetings designed as learning instances prior to final exams. As indicators of the impact of the proposal the percentage of students who completed the course (PSC) and the number of times students sat for the final exam to pass it were taken into account. Periods 2010-2012 (new proposal) and 2006-2009 (traditional course) were compared by Chi2. The PSC was higher for the period 2010-2012 (93.1%) compared to the 2006-2009 period (82.4%; p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the percentage of students who sat between 1 and 4 times the final examination (50.2%, 27.6%, 15.6% and 6.6% respectively, p>0.05). The changes proposed would become a strategy to improve the academic performance as evidenced by an increase in the percentage of students completing the course; however, they had no positive impact on the academic performance at the final examinations instances suggesting the need to find strategies to make more efficient the final accreditation of the course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determine the prevalence of malnutrition in valid adults older than 75 years old in Xinzo (Spain), and study institutionalization as a possible risk factor of malnutrition. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of prevalence. Sample: 311 people over 75 years. Variables studied: Age, gender, marital status, education level, institutionalization or not, nutritional status (MNA and anthropometric parameters), social support (Duke- Unc scale), Quality of life (Euro- Quol scale); associated diseases, swallowing problems, type of diet and medications. Results: The median age was 82.55 years (SD: 4.83), 51.8% were women. The 52.7% were married, regarding the educational level, 76.8% had completed the primary education. The 17.4% were institutionalized. The median of pathologies was 3 (SD:1.42 and the number of drugs for individual was 4 (SD:2.44). The 54.70% lived with another family or partner. The median of quality of life was 6.84. According to the results of the MNA did not find any case of malnutrition, but a 20.3% of patients present values of risk. Multivariate analysis found relationship between the presence or not of malnutrition and the institutionalization OR = 0.403 (95% CI: 0.186-0.872), the number of pathologies OR = 1.301 (95% CI: 1.032-1.641), quality of life OR = 1.401 (95% CI: 1.145-1.716). Conclusion: Our valid elders are well nourished. The age, a good quality of life and a good support are protective factors. The risk of malnutrition is associated to a higher age, to institutionalization and to higher number of pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determine the prevalence of malnutrition in valid adults older than 75 years old in Xinzo (Spain), and study institutionalization as a possible risk factor of malnutrition. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of prevalence. Sample: 311 people over 75 years. Variables studied: Age, gender, marital status, education level, institutionalization or not, nutritional status (MNA and anthropometric parameters), social support (Duke-Unc scale), Quality of life (Euro-Quol scale); associated diseases, swallowing problems, type of diet and medications. Results: The median age was 82.55 years (SD: 4.83), 51.8% were women. The 52.7% were married, regarding the educational level, 76.8% had completed the primary education. The 17.4% were institutionalized. The median of pathologies was 3 (SD:1.42 and the number of drugs for individual was 4 (SD:2.44). The 54.70% lived with another f'amily or partner. The median of quality of life was 6.84. According to the results of the MNA did not find any case of malnutrition, but a 20.3% of patients present values of risk. Multivariate analysis found relationship between the presence or not of malnutrition and the institutionalization OR = 0.403 (95% CI: 0.186-0.872), the number of pathologies OR = 1.301 (95% CI: 1.032-1.641), quality of life OR = 1.401 (95% CI: 1.145-1.716). Conclusion: Our valid elders are well nourished. The age, a good quality of life and a good support are protective factors. The risk of malnutrition is associated to a higher age, to institutionalization and to higher number of pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: Desde hace 20 años, a imitación del Oxford Team, la Comisión de Nutrición del hospital diseñó Nutriciones Parenterales (NP) estándar, para todos los tipos de estrés, estando a disposición de los Facultativos la "carta". Además, se pueden solicitar NP individualizadas cuando la situación clínica lo requiere. Objetivo: -- Observar la adherencia a las cartas de NP estandarizada. -- Estudiar si el uso estandarizado de NP es Coste/Efectivo. Material y método: Se ha estudiado un periodo de 5 años , utilizando las bases de Datos de la Farmacia del Hospital, y la Base de Datos de la Unidad de Nutrición para la referencia de Patologías y prescripción. Se ha manejado el Indicador de % de NP estándares e individualizadas. Resultados: Se han elaborado 79.866 unidades, de las cuales 73.258 se ajustaban a las estándar. La media de uso de la NP estándar fue 91,95 ± 6,57% anual, con un mínimo de 89,66% y un máximo de 94,72%, siendo las individualizadas utilizadas una media del 8%. La tendencia del uso de las estándar en los 2 últimos años ha disminuido a causa del aumento relativo de las individualizadas. Esto ha coincidido con el aumento del peso del Hospital (complejidad del paciente/coste) que ha pasado de 1′586 a l' 665 en este intervalo. Los Servicios con mayor adherencia a la NP estándar han sido los de Cirugía General que las utilizan siempre, bien como NP Perférica (79,82%) o como NP de estrés moderado y de estrés severo (iniciada en Reanimación). El segundo Servicio usuario de las estándar es Medicina Interna que siempre prescribe la NP Periférica. Por último Hematología/Oncología utilizan las NP estándar en el 58%, siendo el resto diseñadas individualmente. El Coste de las NP está en función de los Nutrientes y el Tiempo de Elaboración, calculándose que las NP estándar se elaboran en 1/3 de Tiempo que las individualizadas (15 min.). Si todas fueran estándar, el ahorro en el periodo de tiempo estudiado, sería de 1.104 horas para el personal de Farmacia, y de 15 h para el facultativo de planta. Conclusiones: 1. La NP estándar tiene un alto nivel de utilización. 2. La NP individualizadas son un hecho necesario en la práctica médica; el porcentaje menor de l0% lo consideramos aceptable. 3. La NP estándar es Coste/efectiva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]