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Although a large part of Brazilian cocoa production is destinated to the domestic market, the international trade is responsible to that add more value to the product and increased income in the supply chain. In this study we aimed to analyze the short and long-term effects of prices and production on Brazilian cocoa exports. We gathered data from 1994 to 2022, we tested the existence of cointegration between the variables export, price and cocoa production using the Johansen test, then estimated a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results confirmed the existence of at least one cointegration vector. It was noted that the price, production, and exports of the previous year have a positive impact on contemporary exports. Shocks and deviations in the market tend to be corrected in the long term at a rate of 29.1% per year. Considering the necessary adjustment time, changes in the external market can influence internal availability, therefore, adding value to the supply chain and improving production systems are important for the cocoa production sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of H-Industria: Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of H-Industria, Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given its history, and its socioeconomic and cultural relevance, viticulture is one of the most important economic activities in central Chile. Peasant agriculture participates in this market as a supplier of wine grapes and as a producer of wines of various qualities. However, given the high concentration of the domestic market, the deployment of non-competitive practices by the main actors and the regulatory weakness of the State, farmers have had to implement various associative upgrading strategies in order to reduce costs, increase quality, ensure competitive volumes and prices, and access dynamic markets. One of these associative upgrading strategies is the certification of winegrowers' organizations under the standards of the Fairtrade International system. Based on a comparative analysis of five case studies, corresponding to the set of Fairtrade-certified small winegrowers' organizations in Chile, this article analyzes the diversity of associative upgrading strategies and their economic results. Using interviews with key informants, the following issues are characterized: (1) business models and competitive strategies for each organization; (2) the upgrading strategies implemented; (3) industry forces; (4) strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by organizations; and (5) the economic results obtained. This analysis makes it visible that the Fairtrade certification, along with other upgrading strategies, appears to be related to positive economic results for producers, allowing them to overcome the oligopsonic structure of the domestic market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of Brazil, South Korea and Mexico, in 2005 and 2015, the importance of the domestic market and its link with the export sector is studied. The methodology used is based on the input-output analysis, in particular the definition of Important Coefficients. The results support the hypothesis that promoting internally oriented activities offers great potential to boost economic development, due to the direct and indirect contribution they have to the generation of added value and employment; likewise, their form of linkage with the exporting sectors has repercussions on economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analyzing Mexico's productive structure in the 1980s and 2013, this paper explores whether promoting the domestic market may complement the dynamism of the external sector and achieve a process of sustained growth and development for an economy highly integrated into the international market. The methodology applied is an extension of the input-output model and network analysis; in particular, the concept of vertically integrated sectors is a major feature to reach conclusions. The results show that stimulating the domestic market can be a complementary strategy for promoting the export sector to boost growth and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Realidad Economica is the property of Realidad Economica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes the intervention of the political power of Mexico City in order to regulate access to the labor market around domestic service. The objective is to explain a fundamental question in the understanding of the meaning and implementation of the regulations that pursued this purpose: how differentiated action frameworks were created between servants, masters and public authorities when establishing guidelines for their interrelation. It is explained that in the decades after Independence, under the justification of seeking domestic and social order, that government intervention was conflictive when trying to impose closer surveillance and control over workers. But its scope was diminished, in part, because they were not willing to support it as long as it did not benefit their interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigaciones Historicas is the property of Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Filosofia y Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Realidad Economica is the property of Realidad Economica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Cuban forestry sector is not able to respond to the demands of the domestic market, and there are reserves for increased production, greater diversification and relationships between the different actors involved in the innovation process, hampered by a variety of factors, including the lack of effective mechanisms to ensure the generalization of the scientific results obtained and the persistent disconnection between key actors in the process. In this sense, the objective of this research is to propose an innovation system for the sector. For the design of the system, a methodology organized in four stages and eight steps was used, with brainstorming, document review and group discussion as fundamental techniques. The main result obtained was: the structure of the innovation system in subsystems and components. The proposal contributes to the improvement of the innovation process in the sector, as well as to the design and implementation of policies and strategies to increase its socioeconomic contribution to the country's development with a view to 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The boom cycle of Chilean vineyards and heritage wines is examined through the satirical magazine Topaze (1931-1970). This political magazine was published in the period in which the patrimonial viticulture of Chile was in its high cycle, both due to the high consumption of the domestic market (50 liters per capita) and the extension of its vineyards (50 hectares), figures much higher than the current ones (14 liters and 15 thousand hectares respectively). It is detected that that apogee was related to the high popular valuation of wine as a drink of social integration, and not of distinction or status, within the framework of the boom in marketing methods that were not controlled by large companies or their brands. On the contrary, the wine was distributed and sold loose, in traditional returnable containers (chuicos). Topaze magazine made visible and valued the symbols of traditional wine drinks, such as wine and chicha, and their symbolic containers such as chuicos and cachos. The legal prohibition of the sale of loose wine, from the amendment to the wine law (1968), and the disappearance of communication media such as Topaze, sensitized to the cultural dimension of wine, contributed to the decline in the popular dimension of wine in Chile, the fall of the domestic market and the decline in heritage vineyards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foro Internacional is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The demand for biofuels in the world recorded a sustained increase, mainly due to the oil crisis of the early 1970s as well as the product of the new requirements for sustainable production, which show "green energy" as capable of reducing pollution environmental. In Argentina, the production of biodiesel and bioethanol constitute two market segments that begin to gain ground from promotion policies, implemented at the beginning of the second millennium. In the Province of Córdoba, two thirds of corn-based bioethanol is produced and, considering that the main destination of bioethanol production in Argentina is the domestic market, the work is proposed to investigate, from the perspective of territorial development, the existing value chains, the possibilities presented by the production of biofuels for territorial development, identifying the actors that can influence the expansion of this market. Interviews and analysis of secondary data were carried out. The main conclusions show that the bioethanol industry constitutes a market segment with ample possibilities to generate productive chains back and forth, under forms of production according to the new paradigms, with high requirements in scientific and technological and ecologically sustainable innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociohistórica: Cuadernos del CISH is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This communication seeks to report the level of contamination of foodstuffs of animal and vegetable origin monitored by a health authority of Peru, namely the National Agrarian Health Service (SENASA), in order to inform consumers and national authorities of the current situation of sanitary control of the Peruvian domestic market. Information was obtained from reports posted on the SENASA website. The data considered correspond to those present in evaluation reports of all food types of vegetable and animal origin analyzed in the period 2011-2015. Results for this period show that 202 samples of animal and plant origin were in violation of standards (noncompliant). Overall, 12.68% of food samples of animal origin and 24.87% of food samples of vegetable origin were noncompliant. Over the course of the studied period, a 30.73% increase in the proportion of noncompliant samples was observed, reaching as high as 50%. The levels of contamination of foods of animal and vegetable origin monitored by SENASA are concerning. It is thus recommended that concrete actions be implemented to address this situation, and that these actions be prioritized and planned with the involvement of all actors in Peru's agricultural system in order to introduce the necessary regulatory changes and establish clear, measurable, and achievable indicators of monitoring and control to protect the health of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document presents the statistics of the annual movement of bovine semen doses in Argentina in 2021. Information is provided on the commercialized semen doses according to breed and destination. The commercialized sexed semen doses in the domestic market are mentioned according to origin and biotype. The evolution of the total commercialized semen doses in Argentina from 2012 to 2021 is also shown. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Semata: Ciencias Sociais e Humanidades is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo discurre sobre el desarrollo económico en Colombia durante el periodo entre 1906-2009. El autor comenta sobre las políticas económicas promulgadas, las cuales enfocaron en las industrias domésticas. También se considera la colaboración entre el gobierno colombiano y estas industrias.

This article identifies the aspects where tensions between different ways of carrying out the agricultural activity emerge, their local impacts and the responses of social agents both in material and discursive terms. It analyzes a district of the Argentinean Pampas region where traditionally labor intensive crops with participation of family farmers and oriented to the domestic market have developed, and in which there is a growing expansion of extensive agriculture oriented to world markets. Often regarded as an expression of the agribusiness paradigm, the latter is associated to large-scale agriculture seeking short-term benefits, and with the dislocation of production of the place where surpluses are invested. While there are elements that reflect the consolidation of the so-called agribusiness model, its features are not reproduced mechanically and evenly in the rural space. There are hybrid situations and processes not directly attributed to the influence that one of them takes over the other. The importance of family farmers and the nature of their productive behavior may represent potential barriers to this. Nevertheless, their weakness as social actors to position their interests is an indicator of their difficulties to persist within the agrarian structure that is emerging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se analiza el nivel de los salarios mínimos reales de México, en el marco de una política económica que ha promovido la competitividad internacional, a partir de muy bajos costos de la mano de obra. Esta forma de procurar el crecimiento económico ha sido el primer obstáculo para convencer a la iniciativa privada (ip), sobre la importancia de transitar a un modelo basado primordialmente en el reforzamiento del mercado interno. Con dicho modelo no sólo se alcanzarían beneficios sociales largamente postergados, sino que sería un paso lógico en el proceso de desarrollo del país, como muestra la experiencia de las economías actualmente desarrolladas y algunas emergentes, que en su mayoría han seguido un patrón similar al de la así llamada curva de Kuznets. Empero, México se encuentra lejos del punto de inflexión de dicho esquema, que marca la diferencia entre una economía en proceso de desarrollo, concentradora del ingreso, y una desarrollada, con equidad en la distribución del ingreso. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ensayos - Revista de Economía is the property of Ensayos Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The new commercial globalization changed the map of the global industry. Today's world is different from yesterday. North does not dominate South in the same way. In the South there are large heterogeneities between developing countries, the emerging Asian and Latin American countries, etc. Some countries in the South have come to impose their own rules. However, not all emerging economies in the South have the same capacity prevail, as Latin America. Some Asian countries benefit temporarily from high growth, but experience a process of deindustrialization that weakens them. Some theories and analytical tools have become outdated or inaccurate, such as the center-periphery approach. Countries that yesterday belonged to the periphery have acquired characteristics of the old center and even exercise control over developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Fomento Social is the property of ETEA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Desarrollo Económico is the property of Instituto de Desarrollo Economico y Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anáhuac Journal is the property of Universidad Anahuac del Sur S.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Gerenciales is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reviews main theories that explain the speed at which occurs the firm's internationalization process. Sequential theories have traditionally explained internationalization by a series of stages that are approached by the firms gradually. This process, from a progressive viewpoint, serves the Internationalization Model proposed by the Uppsala School and firm's innovation theories. However, these approaches are not able to explain the behavior of firms called International New Ventures which have international activities since their start-up or, the case of firms that exhibit accelerated internationalization episodes or phases of involution with profound reorientation to domestic markets after the occurrence of certain events. These phenomena show that internationalization is not a lineal, incremental and unidirectional process as first theories refer, but it is a process that can occur at an accelerated rate even from the moment of conception of the firm, or it can also occur that firms cease to be international and be oriented to local markets after a critic episode has occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the research methodology of case study, in this article we analyze the main characteristics that condition business's survival of four business's incubators in Colombia (Bucaramanga, Créame, Parquesoft and Gestando). The researchers applied the guide of best practices of the business's incubators of Nodriza as a tool for the exploratory analysis. The results reveal that 70% of the companies comply with this guide, allowing them to continue surviving at the domestic and international market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the tensions between the Caribbean New Granada and center of the country in the process of building a domestic market and the efforts made in the first half of the nineteenth century by the Cartagena economic elites to overcome the crisis facing by the port of this city, in this direction are discussed initiatives for merchants to influence the government's economic policies and opposition to those founded by traders in Bogota. The objective of the Cartagena traders was to boost trade flows of the port and make it the coordinator center of a regional and national market, among these initiatives are to eliminate tax impediments on agricultural production to stimulate the production of some fruits, eliminating the monopoly of the production of snuff and then to create a free port status to Cartagena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trade balance of the Mexican pork industry has been unfavorable since 1988, as imports increased 515.7 % between 1988 and 2007. The objective was to represent pork market performance, taking into account import prices of both pork and feed grains and to quantify their effects on foreign trade balance. To this end an econometric model of simultaneous equations was developed which was quantified through the Least Squares Method in two stages for 1961 to 2007. Results show that import price elasticity of foreign trade balance was inelastic, which resulted in a 0.66 % import decrease (846.7 t), although in some years below normal value imports affected both producer and consumer domestic prices, fostering consumption and discouraging production. Demand had greater impact on pork import increase and cancelled any positive effects due to supply factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se trata el mercado de las mayorías, compuesto de las comunidades populares, en Venezuela. Se explica que los emprendedores que sirven a este mercado generalmente tienen éxito en parte porque no afrontan los problemas de acceso y distribución a los que frecuentemente deben hacer frente las empresas tradicionales.

Most of historians assert that the Argentinean pampa agriculture has never had the same technological equipment as other cereal regions. They argue that this phenomenon is linked with the impossibility of farmers to accumulate, having a highly negative impact on the domestic market. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence demonstrates that the size of the implements and agricultural machinery market was not inconsiderable, even from the beginning of cereal export economy. In this article, we want to show the extension of the domestic market, which not only enabled a voluminous import but also made it possible to manufacture implements and agricultural machinery in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foro Internacional is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the past the responsible authorities of the Italian government have limited their performance to react to those pressures coming from the European Commission in respect to competence matters, but only in some exceptional circumstances the different Italian governments have acted in a reactive way. In this article it is demonstrated that the Italian policies regarding competence have been erratic; sometimes the authorities have reacted in time, but in some other occasions their intervention was quite urgent and it has arrived later than it was expected. To this effect, interest is focused in analyzing the evolution of the market and in pointing out the most significative advances that have been reached in respect to their internal market liberalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The viability of the Mexican sugar industry is a political imperative. Sugar is Mexico's largest agricultural industry. Sugar cane is the first largest cultivated crop, supplying raw material to over 57 mills located in 15 states. The current inefficiency of the Mexican industry and the advent of increased production, displacing domestic sugar used in soft drinks; and the government issued a large number of import permits thus allowing large quantities of lower price world sugar like HFCS to enter the domestic market. All together these factors contributed to crisis of sector. The industry should be restructured and downsized to be competitive producing ethanol (EtOH), like the easiest ways to increase the predominate alternate fuel and the opportunity to make the Mexican sugar cane future a reality. If the ethanol (EtOH) is produced, it's possible to see a growing role for renewables in the Mexican's energy future, the factories sugar must involve them as partners in the continued expansion of ethanol production and use in México, export opportunities, increase public awareness of ethanol's benefits and create an economic climate for ethanol's expanded use. The flexibility of production of sugar and ethanol at the factories will allow a role for ethanol to be used to achieve the nation's clean air goals. The most important opportunity for sugar cane industry is to continue to reduce ethanol production costs through genetic engineering, feedstock diversity using whole sugar cane and technology improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to show that the renewed impulse to the production of cut flowers in the Mexico State has modeled a new type of external economy which characterizes the fortification of the relations with the international market, the artificial improvement of the time's economy in the places of the production, as well as the systematization of the flower offer and the commercialization process. The factors of the new economic model have changed towards the outside, but on the inside of the production areas, the advantage of the basic resources favors technological change and the interests from some companies that have increased their individual and corporative productivity in the national and international market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Centro de Investigación. Universidad La Salle is the property of Universidad La Salle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article intends to analyze a theme, that although has been object of discussion in seminars and specialized panels, it still hasn't been enough examined to determine if large and medium-size enterprises could consider as net winners in the process on the international globalization of economy and industry, or if on the contrary, an strict cost-benefit analysis at same level of the manufacturing and production processes within enterprises, would throw lighgt on the conveniences and disadvantages of focussing on the domestic market only and consign to middle distance any action involving in inter-border trading. In the case of Mexico, the research carried out by UNAM's School of Economics shows that its integration to world economy brings more benefits that the policy to only cover captative markets at domestic level (1). However, lot has been detected a weakness concerning the definition of globalization of economy and industry itself in its direct relationship with small and medium size companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta los resultados empíricos del estudio anterior. Este enfoque se centra en la importancia del petróleo en la economía nacional e internacional. Aunque un país tenga una economía bastante cerrada y autosuficiente, es posible tener fluctuaciones que afectan el precio del petróleo a causa de la integración de distintos mercados regionales. Argentina siempre ha sido bastante autosuficiente. Sin embargo, los indicadores muestran que esta situación está cambiando, con varios crecimientos relacionados con los impactos del petróleo.