Search

Heavy metals are pollutants that are generated by different activities, one of which is the dumping of wastewater by industries into bodies of water, which represents a great threat to aquatic and terrestrial biota, as well as health. These contaminants are persistent, bioaccumulative and non-biodegradable, generating a negative effect on the food chain in the area of influence. Nickel is a heavy metal that is used in different types of industries such as battery production. This generates different harmful effects on the human body, such as the cardiovascular or digestive system when exposed in large quantities. The objective of the present study is to use Computer Aided Process Engineering (CAPE) to model an operational column on an industrial scale aimed at the adsorption of Nickel (II) in aqueous solution taking advantage of the biomass of Theobroma cacao L. Consequently, Aspen Adsorption software was used to carry out multiple simulations of an adsorption column using various industrial configurations, with the aim of performing a parametric sensitivity analysis. In the results obtained, it is evident that the Langmuir model - global linear resistance kinetic model (LDF) used to simulate the adsorption column in the elimination of Nickel (II) achieves efficiencies of up to 95.8%. The best conditions for the simulation in the adsorption column were an inlet flow rate of 300 m3/day, a bed height of 5 m and an initial concentration of 2000 mg/L. Furthermore, it was observed that increasing the inlet flow led to a decrease in the rupture and saturation time of the process, while increasing the bed height presented an increase in the rupture and saturation time. On the other hand, concentration did not significantly affect the efficiency of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents botanical and medical knowledge in the department of Artigas, Uruguay. The research was carried out between 2017 and 2018. Information through observations and interviews with different social actors linked to the practice of popular medicine was collected to systematize and analyze. In Artigas, 142 plant species belonging to 65 botanical families were identified, with Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae and Lamiaceae as the most recurrent ones. Of these species 131 are used as medicinal. The remaining have other ethnobotanical uses, such as food, seasoning, timber, body paint, and native traditions. Medicinal plants are mainly used to treat disorders of the digestive system (23%), sensory system (13%), genitourinary system (12%) and respiratory system (11%). The main form of consumption is through infusion (46%) and the part used are mainly leaves (48%). Likewise, a great diversity of popular medicine practices were identified, resulting in an ethnomedicine characterized on the use of medicinal plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intestinal microflora has living microorganisms that promote the well-being and health of the intestine and indirectly of different systems of the body. When probiotic microorganisms are supplied in the correct dose and in an adequate manner, they contribute to the reduction of acquiring certain diseases; Probiotics have numerous properties that affect the microflora of the body, resulting in benefits mainly for intestinal health and the immune system, which can be supplied by nutraceutical products or functional foods. However, there are limitations in their use because they are sensitive under adverse environmental conditions, they degrade in food matrices under acidic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, where they must exert their mechanism of action to generate beneficial effects on the health of the host. Therefore, it is important to implement strategies that provide protection to probiotics against unfavorable conditions, to significantly maintain viability during processing and in the digestive system. There are various encapsulation techniques, including ionic gelation and complex coacervation, both methods with great benefits for the protection of probiotic microorganisms and broad advantages for application in different food matrices; These techniques are made with non-toxic, natural materials approved for human consumption. This review aims to present important aspects of probiotic microorganisms in the food industry and the need for protective barriers, focusing mainly on encapsulation techniques by ionic gelation and complex coacervation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The general surgeon training curriculum requires precision, contextual fit, and feasibility. In 2022, the World Society of Emergency Surgery formulated five statements on training in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery, which can contribute to these purposes. This article examines the scope of these declarations for surgical education in Colombia. Methods: The scope and limitations for Colombia of each of the statements of the World Society of Emergency Surgery were analysed from a critical and reflective position, based on empirical evidence published during the last two decades in national and international indexed journals. Results: The empirical evidence produced in Colombia during this century allows us to identify that the country has the foundations of the national curriculum in general surgery, formulated by the Education Division of the Colombian Association of Surgery in 2021; a higher education accreditation system; a universal health insurance model; technological infrastructure, and institutional conditions that can facilitate the successful adoption of said statements for the training of future surgeons in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery. However, its implementation requires greater efforts and investment in surgical simulation, institutional cooperation, and strengthening of the professional recertification system. Conclusion: Colombian surgical education is able to comply with the declarations of the World Society of Emergency Surgery regarding training in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the gross and microscopic anatomy of the digestive system and adjoining organs (liver and pancreas) of Megaleporinus muyscorum, 25 adult specimens of both sexes, with a total length of 32.5 cm and 339 g, were euthanized. Serial 5 µm sections were obtained by paraffin technique and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The mouth is relatively small in a subterminal position, with large flat teeth directed forwards, the gills are long, separated, and defined, the esophagus and stomach are short and muscular, and the latter is “V” shaped and low volumetric capacity. The pyloric ceca are digitiform and range between ten and 15, the intestine is relatively long, with little distention capacity and three convolutions. The liver is prominent, trilobed, and brownish, and the pancreas is diffuse. Histologically, the digestive system is composed of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscle, and serosa. The mucosa in the esophagus was made up of longitudinal folds and stratified flat epithelium with abundant goblet cells. The submucosa presented loose connective tissue in the three organs evaluated: the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. The muscular layer of the esophagus is made up of striated muscle with internal and external circular orientation, different from that reported for the stomach and intestine (smooth muscle with circular and longitudinal orientation). The structure of the digestive system of M. muyscorum is like that presented by other teleost, the position of the mouth and the teeth suggest that it has omnivorous feeding habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article "The perspective of the specialist in digestive system expert in inflammatory bowel disease" highlights the importance of improving nutritional care in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The need for nutritional treatment in Crohn's disease, which can present complications such as fistulas and abscesses, is discussed. The classification of Crohn's disease is based on age, location, and clinical pattern. Nutritional intervention is crucial, especially in children, to ensure proper growth and development. The importance of monitoring different parameters in patients with IBD to choose the appropriate nutritional treatment is mentioned, and the relevance of the intervention of the endocrinologist and the nutrition unit in the management of IBD is highlighted. Although it has not been proven that a specific diet controls the progression of IBD, dietary adjustments can improve quality of life and treatment effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Enfermería Neonatal is the property of Fundacion para la Salud Materno Infantil (FUNDASAMIN) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The analysis of fecal feces are a set of tests used by the doctor to evaluate pathologies related to the digestive system. The results of the analysis allow assessing diseases caused by infectious agents such as parasites, bacteria and viruses. To carry out this type of test, it is necessary to use a stool sample collected by the patient, therefore the collection of the sample must be carried out with the appropriate protocols, since there may be a series of factors that alter the quality of the sample at the moment. After its collection, some of these factors may be related to the materials to be used or to contamination with biological fluids such as urine. For this reason, it is advisable to instruct the patient on the proper technique for collecting fecal simples. The urine test is currently considered one of the indispensable tools used at the medical level, since it provides useful and accurate information about the patient's health condition. A correct urinalysis helps in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases, urinary infections, liver diseases, among others. Generally, this type of test does not cause pain or harm to the patient, which is why it is of great clinical importance. Usually the most common errors during the collection and reception of the urine sample occur mainly in the pre-analytical phase, this is largely due to the lack of knowledge on the part of the patient about the ideal indications that should be followed at the time of sample collection. In order to perform an ideal urine sample collection, the cooperation of the patients is required to a great extent, that is why the laboratory personnel must mention the ideal conditions for the collection either orally or in writing, all this to guarantee adequate samples for their correct analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Científica Arbitrada Multidisciplinaria PENTACIENCIAS is the property of Revista Científica Arbitrada Multidisciplinaria PENTACIENCIAS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Helicobacter pylori is a gramnegative bacterium that inhabits the human gastric mucosa. It is one of the causative agents of gastric diseases as gastritis and gastric cancer. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori by the urease test, and its association with gastric pathologies, in patients aged 25-50 years that were treated at the Ecuadorian Institute of Digestive Diseases in Portoviejo, Ecuador, during the year 2018. Association between H. pylori infection and the manifestation of digestive pathologies, and the relationship between both age and gender, and H. pylori infection was evaluated by the Chisquare statistic. Odds ratios were calculated to establish whether the presence of H. pylori was a risk factor for the development of gastric or lower digestive system pathologies. From the patients diagnosed with pathologies of the digestive system, 31.11% were infected with H. pylori, and 24.3% possessed pathologies of the middle digestive tract. An association between bacterial infection and the occurrence of gastric disorders was clearly demonstrated. Moreover, it was established that H. pylori is a risk factor for the appearance of antral ulcer and erythematous pangastritis. The infection is not associated with age or gender of the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bio-grafía. Escritos Sobre la Biología y su Enseñanza is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bio-grafía. Escritos Sobre la Biología y su Enseñanza is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Acute abdominal pain is a frequent cause of consultation to emergency services. Its incidence is about 5%, of which 10%-25% of patients require surgical treatment. Primary appendiceal neoplasms are infrequent. They currently represent 1% of malignant neoplasms of gastrointestinal origin. They are predominant in women and must be suspected in patients with risk factors. The objective is to understand the importance of timely diagnosis in approaching patients with acute abdominal pain. Case report. A woman with clinical condition of 5 days of abdominal pain. Marked cystic dilation of the cecal appendix with linear and nodular calcifications on its wall and interior found in a tomography of the abdomen. Intraoperatively, a right hemicolectomy was performed with a histological result of mucinous neoplasm of the appendix (serrated adenoma) with loss of the muscularis mucosae, classifying it as a low grade adenocarcinoma. Discussion. Appendiceal tumors represent 1% of malignant neoplasms of gastrointestinal origin, with an incidental finding (0.7-1.4%) in appendectomy procedures. The diagnosis is histopathological, and prognosis is related to its classification. It is important to know, identify and suspect this pathology due to its infrequency, which can improve the patient's prognosis. Conclusion. Appendiceal tumors are infrequent and should be included in the group of pathologies that cause acute abdominal pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a didactical approach, that has been implemented in a kindergarten classroom with 24 children (5-6 years old). It was an inquiry-based proposal with snails which uses modeling to improve digestive system scientific models. To know what the learners have actually learned, initials interviews were made. Final data came from the comunication phase in the inquiry activity. The responses were analyzed and categorizated by intra- and inter-rater agreement. Initial and final analysis were compared. In general, we observed a positive development of the learnings and positive emotions when making science. It is concluded that this type of didactical approaches is able to take scientific practices to kindergarten classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Masticatory efficiency (ME) is the individual ability to achieve crushing and grinding, with the help of saliva, through an undetermined number of masticatory cycles. The maximum bite force in kilograms force (MBF/kgf) is the maximum force generated between the teeth of both arches. Objective. To relate MBF/kgf and ME in patients with and without posterior teeth (PT). Methodology. Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study. Forty patients who attended in the Masticatory Physiology Laboratory of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, who previously voluntarily they accepted informed consent, were registered; divided into two groups: group A, 20 subjects with complete PT; and group B, 20 with incomplete PT. The ME recording technique consisted of measuring the degree of crushing of silicone tablets by condensation, with a diameter of 20 mm by 5 of thick and 2.03 g, the fragments were collected to perform the sieve (Mesh). The MBF/kgf recordings were made with the T-Scan® EH-2 system, positioning the sensor between the arches, exerting the MBF for 28 sec. Results. Of the 40 subjects, 18 (45%) were female and 22 (55%) males, with a mean age of 23.88 ± 9.6 years. In group A, the MBF/kgf was 35.65 ± 10.30, and the MP was 62.51 ± 21.99. In group B, the MBF/kgf was 20.61 ± 13.45 and the MP was 47.20 ± 25.73. Conclusions. The importance of the relationship between PT in relation to MBM/kgf, and ME was observed, which showed that patients with incomplete dentures present less trituration and grinding, which can directly affect the digestive system, therefore, the need to keep the highest number of PT in the mouth was demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (INETs) represent the highest percentage of this type of lesion in the digestive system. The treatment of choice is removal of the primary lesion and its regional lymph nodes. The aim of this study is to report the results of patients with INETs treated surgically, in terms of postoperative morbidity (POM) and mortality. Series of cases of patients with intestinal INETs operated consecutively at Clínica RedSalud Mayor Temuco, between 2006 and 2020. Result variables were POM and mortality. Other variables of interest were location and diameter of the tumor, type of surgery, and hospital stay. Descriptive statistics were used. Eleven patients (54.5 %) were treated, with a median age of 56 years. 54.5 % of the tumors were located in the jejunum-ileum. The median tumor diameter, surgical time, and hospital stay were 2 cm, 75 min, and 4 days, respectively. The most frequent type of resection was right hemicolectomy (63.6 %). The MPO was 9.1 % (seroma in one patient). There were no reoperations or operative mortality. With a median follow-up of 18 months, there were no recurrences. Reported results in relation to POM and mortality are adequate in relation to the published evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims at evaluating self-regulated and collaborative learning on the digestive system (DS) and homeostasis of the internal environment (IE) using analog models in process in 56 students of the Biological Science Faculty. The students built analogue models reflecting previous and learned ideas about structure-function of DS organs (conduction, secretion, digestion) and integration of molecules to IE._66% described adequate knowledge about structure-function and continuity of organs; 91% secretion of adnexal glands; 89% digestion and 64% absorption and transport of molecules from DS to IE. Through schemes in process, 100% of students interpreted chemical components in the IE, and 89% classified the types of dehydration, reflecting on possible solutions. In the problem case, 76.5% indicated erroneous previous ideas about IE in the initial scheme, correcting 88% through self-regulated and collaborative learning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Compendium of Veterinary Sciences / Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are a frequent alteration in the population over 65 years old, who have risk factor. In most of cases, are asymptomatic, and they can be diagnosed as an incidental finding in the study of other pathologies, however, in this case, the patient presents digestive symptoms and it was in abdominal exploration where we find a pulsatile abdominal mass, it necessary to request an urgent abdominal ultrasound that confirmed the existence of a high risk AAA. It is essential the physical examination as well as the clinic of the patient, making a good differential diagnosis of potentially serious pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methane is a greenhouse gas that potentially contributes to climate change. The characteristics of the digestive system of ruminants enable them to digest fibre by ruminal fermentation, generating gases such as methane. Polyphenols have the ability to inhibit the production of this gas. These compounds are available in different plants and agro-industrial by-products, such as grape pomaces, whose inclusion in diet of lambs could cause a decrease in enteric methane emissions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of gas production, as well as the production of methane from 15 varieties of grape pomace (white and red), in order to select those varieties with less methanogenic characteristics and include them in lamb feed. To this purpose, the in vitro gas production technique has been used in two different fermentation periods, 18 and 96 hours. The results obtained for gas production at 18 and 96 hours in red pomaces were 59.77-104.28 ml/g and for white pomace 94.44-173.23 ml/g respectively. In terms of methane production in red pomaces we obtained 3.72-6.79 mlCH4/g compared to 9.66-26.08 mlCH4/g produced by white pomaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To investigate on the presence of helminths in Didelphis marsupialis and Rattus rattus in zones invaded by the African Giant Snail Achatina fulica in the Metropolitan area of Bucaramanga, Santander. Methodology. Specimens of Didelphis marsupialis and Rattus rattus, were captured and examined for the presence of helminths in internal organs. Results. Angiostrongylus sp. was not found in the blood vessels of the two mammal species examined. The following adult nematodes were observed in the gastrointestinal tract of Didelphis marsupialis: Physaloptera sp., Aspidodera sp., Travassostrongylus sp., Cruzia sp., Trichuris sp., and Capillaria sp., along with the trematode Rhopalias sp. In the digestive tract of Rattus rattus two nematodes: Nippostrongylus sp. and Heterakis sp., as well as two cestodes: Hymenolepis sp. and a strobilocercus of Taenia taeniaeformis, were found; the latter cestode was found in the liver. Strongylid Type eggs, in addition to Ascaroidea, Spiruroidea and Trichuroidea eggs, were observed in Didelphis marsupialis feces. In Rattus rattus feces, Strongylid Type, Ascaroidea and Hymenolepididae eggs, were detected. Conclusions. Possums (D. marsupialis) and rats (R. rattus) from the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga seem to be parasitized by a wide variety of helminths in their digestive system, judging by the findings of several genera of nematodes, cestodes and trematodes, with only having processed two specimens of each mammal species. The authors recommend further similar studies in the region including a larger number of animals and the examination of more organs, like the heart and the gall bladder, in addition to the digestive tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify from fermented cocoa in Caldas Colombia, bacteria with potential application in biotechnological processes such as detoxification of cadmium (Cd(II)) and arsenic (As(III)) in the human organism. In total, 36 isolates were obtained, from which 11 were recovered in the presence of 1.0 mg/L of Cd(II) and 25 in presence of 0.1 mg/L of As(III). Molecular identification showed most isolates belong to the genera Lactobacillus. Minimum inhibitory concentration assays, in presence of different concentrations of the elements, allowed to determine that the majority of isolates have resistance to higher concentration of As(III) (300 mg/L) than Cd(II) (10 mg/L). Acidity tolerance assays at pH 2.5 showed that type strain Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1055, and native isolates L. plantarum A19, A26, and C16, presented the highest tolerance, thus they were selected to evaluate their tolerance to salinity conditions. The evaluated bacteria could grow in bile salts up to 4 g/L. It is concluded that the evaluated L. plantarum have great potential to be used in assays in which bioaccessibility of Cd(II) and As(III) is diminished under in vitro conditions of the human digestive system, due to its resistance to high concentrations of the elements and tolerance to acidic and high bile salt conditions. These facts, together with the recognized probiotic potential of these microorganisms, may allow their future use in biological processes to mitigate Cd(II) and As(III). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to develop a descriptive study of the skull anatomic structures in home cats (Felis catus). The cranium -from the Greek kranos, "helmet" or "hood"- is a vital structure for every vertebrate living being because it provides the lodge to the encephalon and senses. It also provides the entrance organs to both the digestive and respiratory systems. The cranium is formed by an assortment of bones articulated or joined together thus forming the splanchnocranium and the neurocranium. There is not too much anatomic literature on the cat anatomy, unlike the canines. Therefore, a detailed description of the bone segments in the splanchnocranium and neurocranium is the starting point for an in-depth anatomic study of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se determinaron las características morfométricas de los órganos digestivos de 24 cerditos, de 68 d de edad y 21 kg de peso vivo, procedentes de un cruce comercial y descendientes de cerdas tratadas con Bacillus subtilis, antes del parto (0, 21 y 30 d) y durante la lactancia (33 d). No se constató efecto del tratamiento en el peso fresco relativo del tracto y órganos digestivos, aunque el intestino delgado evidenció correlación baja (r = 0.237; P < 0.10), al ser menos pesado con el transcurso de los días de tratamiento, desde 44.8 hasta 40.9 g/kg de PV. El peso fresco relativo del intestino delgado estuvo muy correlacionado con el del tracto gastrointestinal (r = 0.936, P < 0.001) y representó, como promedio, 59.1 % del peso de todo el tracto en esta etapa de la vida de los animales. La densidad lineal del intestino delgado mostró disminución significativa (P < 0.05) cuando el tratamiento se alargó en el tiempo, desde 0.60 hasta 0.53 g/cm. Se sugiere que las medidas morfométricas del canal alimentario pudieran constituir un indicador de la respuesta de los cerditos descendientes de cerdas tratadas con Bacillus subtilis, antes del parto y durante la lactancia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizaron dos experimentos, según cuadrado latino 4 x 4, para determinar la digestibilidad ileal y rectal de nutrientes y energía en cerdos Yorkshire x Landrace en crecimiento. Se alimentaron con niveles variables (0, 10, 20 y 30 % en base seca) de harina de follaje de batata (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). En el experimento 1, se utilizaron cuatro cerdos machos castrados, de 35 kg, preparados con una anastomosis ileorrectal. En el experimento 2, se usaron ocho cerdos intactos, de 38 kg. Se constató que la digestibilidad ileal de MS, materia orgánica y energía disminuyó, significativamente, (P < 0.05) con la inclusión del follaje. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias entre los tratamientos, con 0 y 10 % del follaje, ni con 10 y 30 %. La digestibilidad rectal mostró el mismo hecho (P < 0.05) para la MS, materia orgánica y energía. La digestibilidad ileal y rectal, medidas por diferencia, fueron igual a 34.4 y 61.1% para la materia orgánica del follaje. Para la energía fueron de 40.6 y 59.0 %. Desde el punto de vista digestivo, la harina de follaje de batata se puede suministrar a los cerdos en niveles no mayores de 30 % del alimento, como fuente de proteína y minerales en dietas muy bajas en fibra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) is the second source of fish production in Colombia after the red tilapia (Oreochomi ssp.) and before the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). It also stands out as one of the species with the most productive potential in the country. A histological examination was performed on the digestive system of the Piaractu sbrachypomus in order to determine normal morphology at different stages of development. For that purpose, the animals were classified according to age, size and weight in fertilized eggs, yolk-sac larvae, fingerlings after yolk-sac reabsorption, young (3-5 cm, 5-7 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm) and adults (300 g). Tissue fixation took place in formaldehyde at 3.7 % and the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestines and related glands, liver and pancreas were microscopically described. Finally, the anatomical organization of this system was macroscopically described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digestive system is derived from the endoderm and mesoderm, which form its epithelium and smooth muscle, respectively. As in the other systems, there is an epithelial-mesenchymal interactions mediated by molecules such as Hedgehog, BMP and FoxF1, determining intestinal growth in the main axes. The Hox genes, together the rest of the molecules, involved in the regionalization of the digestive system. In the beginning we call it primitive gut, consisting of a tube derived of endodermal yolk sac, divided into foregut, midgut and hindgut. In this review we will see how these 3 segments give rise to different structures of the digestive system in vertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this review is to describe the effect of nutritional and management strategies on body condition and postpartum reproductive and productive performance in beef cattle. Beef cattle experience a negative energy balance during postpartum, losing body condition. Follicular development, pregnancy rate, fertility, intervals from labor-first estrus, labor-conception and labor interval are superior in cows with moderate body condition during postpartum compared to thin cows. Supplementation with long chain polyunsaturated lipids, allows earlier resumption of ovarian cyclicity, regardless their energetic contribution. Protein supplementation helps to maintain or improve body condition during postpartum, maximizing the ruminal environment and animal digestive efficiency. Early weaning and restricted sucking have been used in extensive breeding systems, since the implementation of such strategies is relatively easy. These activities have effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and reduce milk production thus allowing the improvement of body condition and the restarting of ovarian activity, also optimizing the results of treatments with progestogens when they are used alternately. In conclusion, appropriate postpartum body condition is essential in order to ensure the reproductive performance of beef cattle. The use of lipid and protein supplementation during postpartum improves body condition and optimizes the reproductive performance of beef cattle. Management strategies such as early weaning are effective, but their use is restricted only when nutritional sources are scarce or the application of nutritional strategies is not possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CES Odontología is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

TICs (Technologies of Information and Communication) are digital technologies for saving, transmitting and receiving information. The society has changed and the University education must be updated due to the presence of computers and other TICs. The ways of studying the digestive system, together with the importance of its anatomical relations, makes it a wide field for the use of TICs. The objective of this study were to evaluate the importance of TICs as a pedagogic tools in teaching the digestive system to University students, and connect it with the social, educational and economic characteristics. A standardized poll was done to 305 university students (year 2007) from the course Anatomy (UBA) and the data was studied with statistic tests. 89,1% finds TICs useful during the digestive system TP., preferring Power Point presentations (68.1%). 78% considered the clinical surgical cases necessary to fixate Knowledge and concentrate during the TPSD. 82% uses the Virtual Museum as a tool for learning and study. The students that don't work showed more adherence to the clinic-surgical cases. Meanwhile, the others chose tools that maximize their study time and fixate knowledge. We saw a correlation (r2=0.72) between the amount of hours worked and the use of tics. Tics are a base for a new background in which the process of teaching and learning will have to develop. It can be seen that there is a need to encourage an "educational-integrative" conception of TICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)