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From a relational perspective of the community, we explore the relationships that allowed sustaining life in spaces of proximity during the Covid-19 pandemic in Chile. From a qualitative methodology and the study of cases, one in Concepción and the other in Talca, it is observed that in the face of the rupture of daily life, community relationships are reconfigured to adapt to the new scenario. This plasticity allows them to adapt their production of relational goods to meet needs arising in the crisis and, thus, their action replaces and/or complements state and mercantile actions that diminish their protagonism. Finally, these multiple relationships and the goods they produce can be understood as a social sphere with its own meaning: the community. This plays a central role in the satisfaction of individual and collective needs and the reproduction of life, particularly in contexts of crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Chile, the dominant way of organizing local community relations shows little transformative capacity. This has its origin in a sociopolitical process that has fostered a heteronomous, contained, depoliticized and bureaucratized organizational culture, sustained by a neoliberal idea of neighborhood-community and framed in legislation that does not recognize its public function. But in the last fifteen years this hegemonic form has given way to more articulated and flexible community experiences, which discuss the scales of action, the type of relationship with the State and the established modes of organization. Integrating results from research carried out between 2014 and 2023, the article identifies potential for the transformation of community culture expressed in forms of networks that occur in different areas and scales: primary ties and daily neighborhood life, territorial-based organizations and heterogeneous territorial networks. The above allows us to propose the idea-horizon of the Community Sphere, which would allow us to discuss the fragmentation with which the community is observed and experienced in current Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative research is an work with health professionals, who work in the intra and outpatient sector in the city of Talca, Chile. The objective is to understand how the mental health of nurses was affected, due to the work stress caused by the COVID-19 emergency. The results point to fear of contagion and death as the most stressful factors in terms of work; on the other hand, there is evidence of absence of self-care, as well as psycho-emotional assistance from State institutions. He also notices how work stress is aggravated when workers do not feel support from supervisors or co-workers, as well as having limited control over their work and work pressures; Comparing experiences of intra- and extra-hospital teams, he realizes that team dynamics are essential to cope with the high workload; in this context, nurses in the outpatient area were more affected than those working in the in-hospital sector. The discussion points to the need to incorporate care strategies for those who care, highlighting the importance of analyzing social aspects that lead to work stress in extreme situations, placing the role of the community and the agency as keys in mental health management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The solidarity circles are made up of groups of 10 to 30 people from disadvantaged strata of the city of Medellín, Colombia, excluded from the traditional financial system, who cooperate for the development of economic and productive activities. This article shows the results of the research, "Impact of the Public Policy of the Bank of the opportunities of the Municipality of Medellín in the credit lines Círculos Solidarios and Bancuadra of the Corporación Fomentamos"; Its objective is: to describe the benefits of social impact, associated with microfinance, within the framework of the application of said Public Policy, from the perspective of human and social development. Materials and methods: 9794 beneficiaries of the policy, 8123 of the solidarity circles credit line and 1671 of the Bancuadra credit line were taken as the target population, by simple random sampling with 133 beneficiaries. Results: The results ratify solidarity microfinance as an alternative for improving the human and social development of people living in poverty, which could be made visible in aspects such as: The improvement or acquisition of housing, savings, credit, better living conditions, comprehensive training, relevant inclusion from the gender perspective, generation of links, relationships and bonds of trust between the beneficiaries and members of the solidarity circles. Conclusions: In general terms, the solidarity circle becomes valid when solutions to family and social problems are generated, when basic, essential, and urgent needs are solved, when the community is prevented from resorting to illegal loans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pensamiento y Acción Multidisciplinaria is the property of Universidad Catolica del Maule. Escuela de Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to reveal the tensions perceived by community actors in the settlement and conformation of the territory during the internship of the School of Medicine of Universidad de Antioquia in the rural settlement Granizal between 2009 and 2018. Methods: Hermeneutic study that used Grounded Theory techniques to collect and analyze data. Eleven in-depth interviews with leaders were conducted and two focus groups with community mothers, teachers and leaders were carried out which were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding techniques. Results: there is a permanent tension between leadership with different shades and the community unity which receives various threats due to the permanent eviction of their vital spaces by outlaw actors linked to drug trafficking, to the absence of the State and to internal interests for power. This tension seeks to be overcome through the collective effort to learn to survive and through the links that are born from the trust generated with the University and the internship of the Faculty of Medicine that has supported the progressive understanding of the social determination of the health-disease process which has allowed for greater wellbeing. Conclusions: There are constant community struggles in Granizal to overcome the deprivations of subsistence vital minimums, in which autonomy and human development are debated between hope and despair to maintain firmness in the construction of the social fabric and in the search for solutions that make life and wellbeing possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional is the property of Cadernos de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional de Sociología is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a solidarity response to the food crisis, 700 soup kitchens and picnic areas were created by various community networks in different parts of Uruguay in 2020. In the context of preventive confinement measures --as a result of COVID-19-- people found ways to organize themselves to fight hunger, preparing and distributing 8 million portions of food in four and a half months. This article takes a global perspective on this common action, based on the systematization of a national survey of 433 initiatives implemented between August and October. It presents the existing heterogeneity based on the profile of their organizers, dynamics and links, in order to raise some questions about the meanings and horizons in dispute that are beginning to emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Describe the infant and young child feeding practices of children cared for in institutions of the Colombian Caribbean, includes in implementing the baby friendly hospital strategy. Methods: Qualitative study framed in ethnography through semi-structured interviews, aimed at beneficiary mothers of prioritized health institutions. Results: The mothers recognized the nutrtitionals benefits of breastfeeding, in two territories also the emotional benefits. They also show appropriation in relation to perceptual feeding. However, they do not comply with the exclusive period of breastfeeding, they refer to some beliefs around it, an early start of complementary feeding is observed. In turn, the mothers recognized the importance of family and social support networks, such as the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Conclusion: This research made it possible to recognize factors that favor and limit the adequate feeding practices of infants and young children, in pregnant and lactating mothers and their support network, who live in conditions of social and economic vulnerability and are cared for in three health institutions of the Colombian Caribbean that are in the process of implementing the babyfriendly hospitals initiative. The foregoing provides elements for the formulation of educational processes in health in the maternal and child population, both in the target population and in institutions that are in the process of implementing the baby-friendly hospitals initiative and policies to maternal and child health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Introduction: in several countries, there is an increasing trend of consumers and distributors of organic food. Objective: to identify consumer motivation, a socioeconomic profile and possible sociopolitical actions for the development of public policy by the consumers of organic products supplied by 12 alternative food distribution networks in Medellín and Eastern Antioquia. Methods: qualitative study with semi-structured interviews and participant and non-participant observation. Results: the main reason for organic food consumption is personal wellbeing, specifically health, followed by care for the environment and social welfare because such consumption contributes to improving the quality of life of poor producers (farmers and indigenous people). The consumption of these foods is also in some cases a form of resistance against the food industry, agroindustry and supermarkets; however, this social awareness does not imply that consumers commit themselves to sociopolitical actions transcending to the collective sphere. Conclusion: action by local governments is required to develop strategies that consolidate the transformative potential of consumer practices regarding organic products from alternative food networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflects on maternal mortality among indigenous women in Mexico and the changes that have occurred in care practices during pregnancy and childbirth. Through ethnographic qualitative research in the state of Guerrero between 2008 and 2012, which included over a year of fieldwork as well as in-depth interviews and surveys with indigenous women, the article analyzes the increasing medicalization of reproduction, the role of family networks in gestation, delivery and postpartum care, and the participation of men during childbirth, in dialogue with other anthropological research on maternal health in Mexico. Medical anthropology allows us to understand the medicalization of reproduction in indigenous contexts and identify the tension that characterizes family care networks, which both operate as protectors and mobilizers in seeking care and reproduce power relations marked by gender and generational conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The consolidation of a support area for network research, which promotes collaborative research, training and the dissemination of knowledge through the use of ICTs, requires the organization of a work methodology to share and exchange resources in a specific network that is already running. The establishment of communication mechanisms between researchers from different groups will be necessary along with the introduction of the ICTs in the teaching and advanced environments of research training, different inventories of the research resources that are available for exchanges and shared use between groups and laboratories, and finally, a shared scientific documentation system with the appropriate maintenance of the previously listed tools. Large administrative structures and detailed plans are not needed to comply with all of the above functions. The availability of effective tools, however, to combine efforts and search for resources in all of these areas is needed, with the agility and flexibility that allow us to currently use new communication and information technologies. The results of this research support area should lead to an increase in the efficacy and quality of the network by increasing the flow of information and the inter-group collaboration in teaching, research and professional development, along with the transfer and dissemination of research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Colombian Ministry of Social Protection through a call for proposals started a process searching for the design of a health management model that could support the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI). A research process that defined the problem in the implementation of the IMCI strategy was established, trying to understand why the IMCI strategy has had problems in finding its way to be effective in the Colombian national health system. Primary information sources were explored through: document analysis, interviews to experts and focus groups in three different territories of the country where the IMCI strategy has been operating. Through the analysis of information that was collected, a theoretical approach that was later operationalized in a model was constructed. The model considered four different elements for its design: Building a collaborative alliance, Directing and planning the process, Citizenship capacity building, and Health services delivery. An overall follow up and evaluation strategy was designed to support its development in managing infant and childhood health and well being within territories and institutions. The suggested model was validated and adjusted according to the recommendations of groups of experts and territorial focus groups, who had the opportunity to review it in its first versions. The model is now available to be used by all those Colombian territories interested in improving the conditions of health and well being of its children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Colombian Ministry of Social Protection through a call for proposals started a process searching for the design of a health management model that could support the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI). A research process that defined the problem in the implementation of the IMCI strategy was established, trying to IMCI why the IMCI strategy has had problems in finding its way to be effective in the Colombian national health system. Primary information sources were explored through: document analysis, interviews to experts and focus groups in three different territories of the country where the IMCI strategy has been operating. Through the analysis of information that was collected, a theoretical approach that was later operationalized in a model was constructed. The model considered four different elements for its design: Building a collaborative alliance, Directing and planning the process, Citizenship capacity building, and Health services delivery. An overall follow up and evaluation strategy was designed to support its development in managing infant and childhood health and well being within territories and institutions. The suggested model was validated and adjusted according to the recommendations of groups of experts and territorial focus groups, who had the opportunity to review it in its first versions. The model is now available to be used by all those Colombian territories interested in improving the conditions of health and well being of its children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]