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Shigella spp. is the causative agent of gastric infections commonly acquired by the consumption of contaminated food. Chicken meat is an important transmission source of shigellosis due to its high demand and consumption. The purpose of this article is the detection of Shigella spp in chicken meat that is sold in Ambato from different markets. 135 samples were taken, 45 from places with an operating licence, 45 from informal food markets and 45 from slaughterhouses that supply the city of Ambato. Phenotypic identification was performed by culturing bacteria on selective medium, Gram staining and TSI. Shigella spp. candodates were sent for molecular identification by amplification of the 16S region of ribosomal DNA, where the presence of Shigella sonnei (10), Shigella flexneri (5) and Shigella dysenteriae (2) was demonstrated, whereas that Shigella boydii was not in any of the samples. In summary, three species of Shigella were identified, predominantly S. sonnei with greater inclination in slaughterhouses and informal outlets, which can mean a serious problem for Public Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chicken meat is one of the most consumed proteins worldwide, however, it is one of the main reservoirs of Escherichia coli which is the main cause of multiple infections after consumption due to different factors such as inefficient handling at the time of slaughter, poor hygiene and inadequate refrigeration. The diseases it causes not only affect the health of consumers, but also the economy of traders. Therefore, this study aimed to identify by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene different strains that were isolated in chicken meat, for this 135 samples were taken and collected from formal and informal points of sale and from 9 slaughtering centers that supply Ambato. The samples were evaluated by means of microbiological and biochemical tests and then DNA was extracted from the 40 suspect samples, which were analyzed by PCR. The results were obtained through sequencing where a total of 33 different strains were identified, strains AF1 and ATCC 11775 were predominant in the chicken meat samples in the canton of Ambato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteus mirabilis is a bacterium capable of causing pathologies of interest in public health. It occurs commonly in chicken meat. P. mirabilis does not stand out for its pathogenicity levels, but it does stand out for its difficult therapeutic approach once the infection has developed, due to its antibiotic resistance. In this study, 135 samples of chicken meat were collected in several retail centers in Ambato (45 formal sales, 45 informal sales and 45 slaughterhouses). Samples were seeded in selective culture media (McConkey Agar and XLD Agar), Gram staining was used, as well as biochemical tests (Oxidase Test and TSI) and molecular identification were performed by amplifying the 16S DNA ribosomal region, consequently there were 48 samples of P. mirabilis with 17 different strains, NCTC 11938 was the most common. P. mirabilis was mainly identified in formal retail centers, followed by slaughterhouses and informal retail centers. Meet contamination is related to food processing protocols breach. The great prevalence of this bacterium portrays a public concern issue, due to hazards related to meat contamination with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the research was to delve into the risks caused by the presence of Salmonella spp in contaminated chicken meat, characteristics of its genome, the type of infection it causes, clinical symptoms, transmission routes, among other risk factors., both in animals and in man. Salmonella due to its activity at an optimal pH of 6.7-6.8 together with its resistance to bile salts, pathogenic capacity; fimbriae for their adhesion to host cells, plasmids, pathogenicity islands, O, Vi polysaccharide antigens, among others, allow and favor the replication of the bacteria in the organism and in food, being a serious public health problem because it is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in people worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to evaluate the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions on the chicken meat market in Mexico in 2018, with quadratic programming. The country was divided into eight supplying-demanding zones plus two regions for the entry of external purchases: Northwest, North, Northeast, Center-West, Center-East, South, East, Peninsula. An underestimation in total and regional production was detected in 0.4%, equivalent to 13,984 t; magnitude close to the 2018; it underestimated regional and national demand by 0.3%, with a social welfare measured at 2,247.7 billion pesos. Positive production and consumption were generated, a marketing differential greater than the disbursement for transportation, and it activated better supply chains. The coupling of 2018 and results was less than 1%. Optimizing is a viable mathematical option as a basis for the analysis of the market and territorial supply of this meat in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this study was to determine the presence and frequency of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in three levels of the poultry chain production in Costa Rica. The levels studied were farms, slaughterhouse/processing plant, and retails of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica. For detection and isolation of Campylobacter sp., 84 samples from the poultry chain (24 chicken meat samples at retail, 20 carcass rinses and 40 caecum contents taken at slaughterhouse), obtained in November 2012, following the ISO 10272-1:2006 protocol, USDA modified (United States Department of Agriculture). From the 84 samples analyzed, 36 (42.8%) were positive for C. jejuni, and one (1.2%) for C. coli. The quantity of positive samples per sample type, according to Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR), was: for caecal content, 16 (n=40), for carcass, 8 (n=20) and retail, 12 (n=24). Sixteen of the twenty farms sampled were positive. A high frequency of Campylobacter spp. at all sample points of the production chain was determined, which could be associated with modification of parameters related to food safety in each link. Rapid cooling measures and the use of chlorine in the cooling water at the process plant collaborate to decrease the frequency of Campylobacter positive samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven variants of hamburgers were elaborated with different levels of manually deboned meat and mechanically deboned meat of chicken. The maximum level of flour and soy texturized were 16 and 65 %, respectively. Four hamburgers in each experimental run were weighed for evaluate the cooking yields of product before and after of sprouted. Protein, humidity, fat, ash, pH and chloride content of the raw hamburgers were determined. The sensorial quality of the product was evaluated by 13 trained judges, using a scale of 7 points. The hamburgers can be elaborated with CDM and/or MDM of chicken soya protein with high levels of soy protein without affecting their quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La carne de pollo se consume de forma importante en todo el mundo, incluyendo Latinoamérica. La carne de pollo presenta cualidades nutricionales de gran interés para la salud humana. Su composición en ácidos grasos es considerada como favorable para combatir las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Además, se puede modificar por medio de la dieta para incorporar ácidos grasos saludables, como el EPA y el DHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]