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Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales is the property of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales del Centro Agropecuario Sena Buga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The catechin content in barks of the forest species Pinus patula, Pinus oocarpa and Eucaliptus grandis, cultivated in the Department of Cauca-Colombia, was evaluated. The ethanol extracts were obtained by evaluating the best conditions of particle size, agitation time, solvent-bark ratio and temperature. The catechin content was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detector and using solid phase extraction (SPE) for sample cleaning. A catechin content of 2.00 ± 0.03%, 2.96 ± 0.02% and 0.18 ± 0.03% was found in barks of P. patula, P. oocarpa and E. grandis respectively. Catechin content indicates the great potential in industrial and medicinal applications for a renewable resource such as bark, abundant in the region and whose field disposition environmentally affects forest areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We assessed the technique using free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) used to determine the antioxidant capacity of foods and synthetic compounds; for that purpose this free radical has been used in concentrations between 0.037 and 0.2 mM, likewise, to perform this evaluation the catechin and epicatechin standards have been used in a concentration range of 6.67 x 10(-3) and 2.2 x 10(-2) mM. Cl(50) values for both standards were dependent on the concentration of DPPH, having observed that the above value increases with increasing concentration of DPPH, for which reason it is suggested that all research use a single concentration of DPPH in the reaction medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Caffeine and catechins contained in green tea may have a thermogenic effect favoring weight and body fat loss. The aim of this study is to evaluate the magnitude of the effect of green tea or its extracts (caffeine and catechins) on body weight and body composition. Material and methods: A systematic review and metaanalysis was conducted to determine the magnitude of the effect of green tea or its extracts on body weight (kg), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), fat mass (%), and waist and hip circumference (cm). We included studies published between 2000 and 2013, retrieved from PubMed/Medline with the following characteristics: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of parallel groups (intervention and placebo), randomized, double-blind, and a minimum 12-week follow-up, in healthy individuals of either gender, 18 years or older, with a BMI of 25-40 kg/m2. Quality and risk of bias was assessed for every included study, and the statistical analysis was performed with the Crochrane Collaboration RevMan 5.1.6 software, according to the random effects model with a confidence interval of 95% (95%). It was established that the effect was statistically significant at p < 0.05, and the homogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 index. Results: The search strategy retrieved 154 studies, of which only five could be included in the quantitative analysis. The analysis revealed a not statistically significant mean difference (MD) in weight loss in the analyzed sample and subgroups: Asian individuals -0.81 kg (95% CI: -2.76 to 1.13; P = 0.41; I2 = 0%, n = 210), Caucasians -0.73 kg (95% CI: -3.22 to 1.75; P = 0.45; I2 = 0%; n = 91), as well as in the sample as a whole: -0.78 kg (95% CI: -2.31 to 0.75; P = 0.32; I2 = 0%; n = 301). No statistically significant decrease was revealed in BMI in the analyzed sample and subgroups: Asian individuals -0.65 (95% CI: -1.85 to 0.54; P = 0.29; I2 = 0%; n = 71), -0.21 Caucasians (95% CI: -0.96 to 0.53; P = 0.58; I2 = 22%; n = 91), as well as in the sample as a whole: -0.31 kg (95% CI: -0.88 to 0.27; P = 0.30; I2 = 0%; n = 162), nor for the waist circumference 0.08 cm (95% CI: -0.39 to 0.55; P = 0.73; I2 = 3%; n = 301) or hip (95% CI: -1.14 to 0.93; P = 0.85; I2 = 0%; n = 210). In the evaluation of the effect on the percentage of fat mass (FM%), MD was found not statistically significant for population subgroups: Asian individuals -0.76 (95% CI: -1.59 to 0.08; P = 0.08; I2 = 0%; n = 169), Caucasians -0.76 (95% CI: -2.22 to 0.70; P = 0.31; I2 = 36%; n = 93), but a small, although statistically significant, decrease in the overall effect was found -0.76 (95% CI: -1.44 to -0.09; P = 0.03; I2 = 0%; n = 260). Discussion: The statistically significant effect of green tea on the FM% of the entire sample was not clinically relevant, a fact also highlighted in the results of other meta-analysis. Conclusion of the authors: Green tea or gree tea extracts intake or its extracts exerts no statistically significant effect on the weight of overweight or obese adults. There is a small effect on the decrease in the percentage of fat mass, but it is not clinically relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cluster thinning to modify fruit gowth and composition, is becoming a common practice in Mendoza vineyards. However little information is available on its effectiviness under local conditions. The purpose of this research was to study the infuence of thinning at various stages of fruit development on Malbec, an emblematic Argentine cultivar and the most characteristic variety used in the Luján de Cuyo DOC. Bilateral cordon trained, spur pruned vines, grown in a vineyard located in Agrelo, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza (Argentina) were manually thinned at 1) berry pea-size, 2) veraison and 3) 21°Brix. Two thinning levels consisted of removing 25 and 50 % of the clusters. Maximum berry weight and size were obtained with 50 % thinning at berry pea-size. In addition, this treatment increased the synthesis of phenolic compunds, including anthocyanins, catechins and proto-cyanidins. Sugar concentration increased with 50 % thinning at veraison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]