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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article describes a study on the evaluation of blood flow in the reproductive organs of male llamas using Doppler ultrasound. Semen was extracted from the animals through electroejaculation, and seminal characteristics such as volume, motility, sperm concentration, viability, and acrosomal status were evaluated. A significant difference in blood flow was found between the left and right bulbourethral glands. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between blood flow in the bulbourethral glands and sperm motility and viability. It is suggested to continue researching to better understand the influence of blood flow on sperm parameters in llamas. [Extracted from the article]

Muscular hypertrophy (MH), characterized by an increase in myofibrils in the cross-sectional area, should not be overlooked; it must be maintained in an optimal state if we focus on the sporting field or to avoid musculoskeletal complications in the future. In recent times, an innovative method has emerged that remains in a state of research to generate hypertrophy in less time and with light loads known as ischemic training, which partially restricts blood flow to the muscles through the use of sleeves or compression bands. The defined objective is to carry out a systematic and thorough investigation to identify how ischemic training acts on the muscle to generate hypertrophy. The PRISMA format guidelines were used to carry out a systematic review in the Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus databases. Finally, a total of 9 articles were included. It was verified that through the ischemic training protocol with low loads in a moderate range of blood occlusion, MH can be generated, however, there was a controversy regarding which type of training is the most appropriate to achieve a greater amount of MH in a short period due to the little or no information that was found when carrying out the investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial pathology of slow and silent progress in which endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, adipocytes, inflammatory cells, and blood flow are involved. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) areessential regulators of the metabolic pathways involved in the development of this pathology, whence they are considered potential predictors of severity and therapeutic targets. The objective of this study is to collect updated information that allows us to understand the role of miRNAs in each of the components of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, as well as their usefulness as an early diagnosis marker of atherosclerosis. The inhibition or overexpression of the miRNAs involved will determine the evolution of this pathology, from its onset, progress and regression. Several studies confirm its expression in each cell line and tissue involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, nevertheless, it is necessary to establish links between its expression in situ and in peripheral blood, its sensitivity and specificity to determine its viability in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espanola de Antropologia Americana is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents preliminary results on the morphological and vascular changes in the dominant follicle during the ovulatory process in llamas. The role of South American Camelids (CSA) in the pharmaceutical industry is highlighted due to the nanoantibodies they produce. Induced ovulation in CSA and the use of color Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate follicular blood flow are mentioned. The study also mentions advances in the research of the ovulatory process in llamas, where an increase in follicular growth and changes in blood flow before ovulation were observed. The objective of the study is to establish the structural and vascular modifications in the dominant follicle to predict the success of other reproductive biotechnologies in this species. Additionally, other studies related to reproduction in animals, including South American camelids and llamas, are mentioned. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the design and tests carried out on TTFM piezoelectric sensors for measuring blood flow in coronary implants. These sensors are used to verify the quality of coronary transplants, offering high precision and ease of use. The TTFM method is based on the times it takes for the ultrasound signal to propagate in favor and against the direction of blood movement in a blood vessel. The measurement system includes an analog module and a digital module, and it is validated using a constant flow phantom. The article presents a device designed to measure blood flow in surgical bypass implants. The device consists of a peristaltic pump, calibration columns, and silicone tubes that simulate arteries. A calibration procedure was performed, and the standard errors of regression were determined. It is concluded that the device is reliable and low-cost for evaluating graft permeability. Thanks are given to Abdus Salam ICTP, the Department of Electrical Engineering at CINVESTAV, and cardiologist J. Prohías from the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital in Cuba for their assistance. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sophia, Colección de Filosofía de la Educación is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The luteal vasculature plays a critical role in corpus luteum (CL) function and provides important information on the physiology and pathophysiology of this structure. To quantify the blood flow of the luteal tissue, Doppler ultrasound is used to detect the flow of red blood cells through the blood vessels. The objective of the present study was to determine the degree of irrigation of the CL evaluated by Doppler ultrasound on the day (D0) of embryo transfer (ET) and 25 days post-transfer and its relationship with the percentage of early gestation in Holstein recipient cows. Thirty multiparous, non-lactating Holstein cows were used as in vitro embryo recipients. The blood supply rate of the CL and the percentage of gestation were evaluated. The corpora lutea were categorized into 1 (high), 2 (medium) and 3 (low) according to the degree of blood supply. The percentage of cows with these degrees of CL irrigation on the day of transfer were 50% (15/30), 23.3% (7/30) and 27.7% (8/30). On day 25 post-transfer they were 33.3% (10/30), 43.3% (13/30) and 23.3% (7/30), respectively. Additionally, the percentage of early gestation (25 days post-transfer) was evaluated for grades 1, 2 and 3 of CL blood supply, whose results were: 20% (6/30), 6.6% (2/30) and 0%, respectively. It was possible to conclude that the Holstein breed recipients classified in high degree of CL blood irrigation, presented better (P < 0.05) percentage of gestation of embryos of in vitro origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Asociación Odontológica Argentina is the property of Asociacion Odontologica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Vascular flow restriction is a novel training method that has been shown to achieve cardiovascular and neuromuscular adaptations similar to those obtained during conventional training; it promises the development of muscle strength and trophism, combining the low intensity loads with partial restriction of blood flow in the muscle. Objective: To analyze evidence on the effectiveness of vascular flow restriction during physical retraining in patients with chronic renal failure with renal function replacement therapy. Methods: Electronic databases were used; PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, PEDro, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Clinical trials conducted in people receiving dialysis or hemodialysis were included. Texts in both English and Spanish were searched. Results: The search and selection identified five scientific articles and a doctoral thesis, which were evaluated under the criteria of the PEDro scale, three of which measured strength and physical capacity and the remaining two, alterations in dialysis adequacy and hemodynamic parameters. Conclusions: Using this rehabilitation and/or training tool has positive effects clinically similar to those of conventional training with respect to strength and muscle hypertrophy in a wide range of ages and physical states. Both physical function and quality of life showed an improvement, being especially interesting for populations limited physically that cannot benefit from high-intensity training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the atheromatous carotid lesion has important connotations in the adult population that causes a decrease in blood flow to the brain that can be diagnosed by vascular ultrasound. Objective: to characterize the carotid stenoocclusive disease by ultrasonography and its relationship with the clinic at the "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Clinical Surgical Hospital and "Ernesto Guevara" Cardiocentro in Villa Clara, from February 2011 to November 2019. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. The population consisted of those patients who attended the vascular ultrasound consultation and a sample of 535 patients was intentionally selected. Results: the predominant age group was between 70 and 79, the male sex and the patients who smoked and were hypertensive. The most frequent clinical form was the asymptomatic without murmur and the symptomatic was the transitory ischemic attacks. Heterogeneous, irregular and hard plaque, with stenosis over 70% was presented in most of the cases with speed spectrum that indicated severe disease of the studied carotids. Conclusions: extracranial cerebrovascular disease is a multicausal entity where carotid stenosis is the most frequent cause. The most relevant risk factors for cerebrovascular disease are smoking and a high blood pressure. The hemodynamic criteria of the blood flow in the different sectors of the carotid axes measured with the ecodoppler allow determining the degree of stenosis. This pathology constitutes a health problem, especially in its asymptomatic form, which has become a challenge for medicine due to the high rates of disability, invalidity and mortality it causes in affected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a clinical case in which a percutaneous bilateral ductal stent implant was performed on an Andean newborn with disconnected pulmonary arteries and pulmonary atresia. A non-medicated chromium-cobalt stent was used to ensure permanent pulmonary blood flow. Although the procedure was successful, the patient developed subsequent complications and died due to pneumonia related to healthcare and multiorgan failure. The authors highlight the importance of being cautious when analyzing patients referred from institutions without experienced pediatric interventional cardiologists. [Extracted from the article]

The kidney irrigation includes the renal artery and the accessory renal arteries. One of these accessory vessels is the superior or inferior renal polar artery. These vessels have an embryonic development and an anatomical origin similar to the renal artery, both in the abdominal aorta but also of its branches. Irrigate the corresponding renal segments and it has been observed that their obliteration may cause increased blood pressure, by stimulating an increase in circulating renin. The objective of this work is to present a clinical case report of a 24-year-old male patient, with no morbid history. Consultation due to headache and dizziness symptoms with 2 weeks of evolution. Clinically increased blood pressure and obesity, without fever or other significant findings. Corresponding exams showed the following changes: triglycerides (increased), blood pressure (increased), renin (increased) and abdominal AngioTac showed a left upper accessory polar renal artery with vascular stenosis. The literature indicates that arterial hypertension is correlated with partial or total obstruction of a renal artery or an accessory branch. This alteration in the decrease in blood flow could stimulate the release of renin into the bloodstream, affecting blood pressure. Our findings agree with what is described in the literature and need to be considered in the diagnosis of arterial hypertension. This case demonstrates the need for an exhaustive review of the anatomical basis of medicine with an integrative approach. This would improve diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pathologies where this information is unclear or non-existent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: Abnormal capillaroscopic findings have been reported in vasculitic syndromes such as Behçet's disease, Henoch- Schönlein purpura, and Wegener's granulomatosis. This study was conducted to define the capillaroscopic changes in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA). Materials and methods: We studied 28 TA patients (27 females). The nail folds from the 2nd to 5th fingers on both hands were examined with video capillaroscopy for all. A patient was defined as having an abnormal capillaroscopic examination if more than 1 morphologic abnormality was present in at least 2 nail folds. Results: The median capillary density of TA patients was 9 (range: 9-11). There were no patients with capillary disorganization or avascular areas. Tortuous capillaries were detected in all patients. The other common morphological capillary abnormalities included enlarged/dilated capillaries (39.3%), branching capillaries (35.7%), and hemorrhages (32.1%). Only 1 patient had giant capillaries with early scleroderma-like pattern. Overall, there were 11 (39.3%) patients with abnormal capillaroscopic findings. There were more patients with abnormal capillaroscopic findings in the subgroup of TA patients whose upper extremity blood pressure could not be measured as compared to those whose blood pressure could be measured (66.7% vs. 26.3% patients; P = 0.04). Conclusion: Capillaroscopic abnormalities are frequently seen in TA patients. We consider that abnormal capillaroscopic findings in TA patients reflect the impaired blood flow due to narrowed or occluded arteries rather than the primary capillary involvement of the disease process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cavum segment the internal carotid artery has more susceptibility formation of aneurysms. The SolitaireTMAB stent is a scaffold that do flow blood divertion and promotes the aneurysms exclusion by trombosis. We report the case of a 63 year-old female who had a pulsatile headache, diplopia and a third left cranial nerve paresis. She was diagnosed with a saccular aneurysm of the the left carotid artery. We placed a SolitaireTM AB stent. She recovered the III left cranial nerve function in to 2 month and exclusion of the aneurysms by DynaCT in 3 months. The reconstruction of an artery by endovascular therapy is an alternative treatment for no ruptured paraclinoid aneurysms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: chronic mesenteric ischemia is a rare disease, secondary to intestinal blood flow decreased. Case report: the case of a patient with chronic mesenteric ischemia as an unusual cause of abdominal pain and weight loss.is reported Conclusions: chronic mesenteric ischemia is a rare diagnosis that requires the exclusion of other more common causes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicaciones en Estadística is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A wearable system was developed for the simultaneous and non-invasive detection of two signals from cardiac activity: the ECG and blood flow. Two dry electrodes were used to detect the lead I of the ECG. The detection of blood flow was performed non-invasively using a tunnel-magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor based on the magnetic signature of the blood over a constant magnetic field from a permanent magnet. The electrodes, the TMR sensor and the magnet were mounted on a wristband-type bracelet for the user comfort. The instrumentation developed to detect the ECG and blood flow was designed based on a differential configuration with a common-mode rejection ratio higher than 87 dB at 60 Hz and with a noise voltage in such a way that the cardiac signals presented a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 41 dB, as long as the subject stays still during the measurement. The quality of the signals was enough to extract information from these signals by means of simple to implement algorithms. The proposed system is an alternative to the wearable systems presented so far, from which it is possible to assess the cardiovascular health of the subject in non-hospital environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last 30 years the interest of the cardiovascular surgeons for the skeletonized dissection of the internal mammary artery has increased, mainly stimulated by its bilateral use, to achieve the total arterial revascularization in the greater amount of patients; this, in theory, is accompanied by a higher incidence of deep infections of the sternal wound. Since 1992, the classical technique of the mammary skeletonized dissection has practically not changed. Perhaps, the only major changes have been the introduction of the harmonic cauterizer around the year 2000 and the tendency of a few groups to try to preserve intact the retrosternal venous plexus. After a thorough analysis of the historical, anatomical and physiological fundaments on which this procedure is based, and based on the practice in more than 100 patients over a period of two years, modifications are presented for the classical technique of the skeletonized dissection of the internal mammary artery that allow obtaining a healthier hemoduct in less time, greater protection against infection and ischemia of the bone and mediastinal organs, as well as the preservation of the integrity of the internal mammary vein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Visión Electrónica is the property of Fondo de Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article titled "Preliminary evaluation of cerebral self-regulation using transcranial Doppler in anesthetized dogs" presents a pilot study on the evaluation of cerebral self-regulation in healthy anesthetized dogs using transcranial Doppler. Cerebral self-regulation is the ability to maintain a constant blood flow in the brain despite changes in cerebral perfusion pressure. The study found that cerebral self-regulation is preserved in healthy dogs anesthetized with isoflurane and remifentanil at the doses used. It is concluded that transcranial Doppler could be a useful tool for evaluating cerebral self-regulation in dogs. [Extracted from the article]

A quasi-experimental study of 52 patients with vertebrobasilar failure, assisted in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from September to March, 2014, in order to determine the effects of the cervical rotation maneuvers in the blood flow at the level of the extracraneal vertebral arteries. Among the analyzed variables there were: age, sex, maneuver of cervical rotation and final diastolic speed. The mean and proportions were used as summary measures, as well as the Friedman statistical Chi squared test, with a significance level of 0,05. The 45-54 years affected patients prevailed in both sexes. The cervical rotation maneuvers led to a decrease in the final diastolic speed of the vertebral arteries and reduced the extracraneal vertebral arterial blood flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to implement a method for signals processing in biomedical applications based on Doppler ultrasound techniques. The method is aimed to obtain a better representation of the blood flow signal, and it is based on the detection and exclusion of signal cycles detected as affected by eventual noise. This allows, in robust and reliable way, to estimate parameters and extract useful clinical information, in order to make accurate diagnoses on the functionality of the scanned object. The results of applying the method to two blood flow signals in coronary implants are presented, and it is observed that the estimation of the clinical indices improve when affected cycles are excluded of the signal analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis, immunological and vascular abnormalities. Cerebral hypoperfusion can be caused by cerebral ischemia. Cognitive impairment (CI) are a major cause of morbidity in SSc The aim of this study is to estimate the frequency of alterations in cerebral perfusion (CP) in SSc patients with CI. Methods: We studied 88 patients with SSc. The Montreal Test (MT) was given to all patients to evaluate CI. To 15 patients with CI and without systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, vasculitis, hypothyroidism, depression, and drugs that interfere with the cognitive assessment, the PC was measured by cerebral gammagram (CG). Results: Of the 88 patients with ES, 58 had CI by MT. A decrease in CP was observed in following lobes: frontal in 9 of 15 patients, temporal in 7 of 15, and parietal in 3 of 15. Concordance between MT and CG was 60 % for the frontal, 46 % for the temporal and parietal 13 %. Conclusions: The CI is common in SSc. A decrease in CP was more frequent in the frontal lobe, predominating in older patients and with longer duration of SSc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head trauma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs and is usually a consequence of vehicle accidents or falls from high places. The initial injury is caused by a physical trauma and, later, due to the activation of ways that contribute to brain damage. When the cranial trauma is severe, the prognosis is classified between reserved and bad and this classification tends to be difficult if there is not enough knowledge about the facts during this process. Nowadays, the information on the issue is scarce and controversial, and this fact means that research works about it are important to contribute to the clarification of the pathophysiological mechanisms and the adequate treatment according to the processes developed within the brain during the head trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concepts of renal perfusion pressure (RPP) and renal blood flow (RBF) are usually confused, but although they are intimately related, they are not strictly the same. RPP originates from the minute cardiac volume and is, therefore, the cause of RBF, which generates glomerular filtration and as a consequence, also induces the urinary flow. On the other hand, whereas RPP can be subject to fluctuations, the same happens to RBF though at a much lower level due to the existence of physiological mechanisms, such as self-regulation of the flow and tubule-glomerular feed-back. We conclude that there is a dependence of the RBF in relation with RPP, with the former acting as the final responsible of the glomerular filtration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents an analysis of blood flow patterns in intracranial saccular aneurysm and the effects of the shape and porosity of the stents used in endovascular treatments. In this study will be used the flow reduction criteria for characterizing the efficiency of the stent. The hemodynamic properties of a newtonian blood flow into the aneurysm will be evaluated using the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Porosity values and stent forms are proposed for analysis. In all stent cases analyzed is observed a reduction of velocity and pressure and an increase in viscosity. It is further noted that the rectangular contour stent is the optimal case and reduces the magnitude of the flow velocity inside the aneurysm much as 76%. The results help to understand the role of porosity in the form and design of a stent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital dysplasia of the mitral valve, outstanding genetic abnormality in the composition of collagen, which affects blood flow of the left ventricle to the left atrium in systole, with high mortality without early surgical approach. We report the case of a rural area of 4 years with heart murmur discovered at 4 months and not investigated . A year, crying and sucking dyspnea, diaphoresis, and difficulty gaining weight, mitral valve dysplasia with regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension ( 70 mm Hg ) with surgical indication. Sign up under treatment for heart failure, cachectic, with dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, cyanosis, chest bulging hyperdynamic shock prominent peak in the 7th intercostal space and left anterior axillary line . Mitral systolic murmur 4/6 with radiation to axilla, pulmonary systolic murmur 2/6. Important hepatomegaly. Distal coldness . Chest X-ray : Cardiomegaly 4/IV, ICT 0.72. Pulmonary vascular redistribution. EKG : biatrial and biventricular significant growth with FC 140x ' . Echocardiogram significant growth in the four chambers . Patent ductus arteriosus . Mitral valve leaflets thickened, calcified, anterior and posterior cord redundant short, anterior leaflet prolapse and later retracted, regurgitation 4 + / 4 + . Tricuspid valve regurgitation with important . 90mmHg systolic pulmonary pressure . Preoperative: mechanical ventilation, inotropic support, furosemide infusion. Surgical correction : mitral valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis, tricuspid plasty, ductus closure, CIA discharge opening . Evolution : nutritional and clinically satisfactory . Surgical correction, albeit late mitral valve dysplasia in this girl was the only alternative capable of preventing death. With early diagnosis and prompt surgical correction, one could avoid the associated morbidity and mortality in these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the utility of cervical Doppler ultrasound for the study of vertebrobasilar insufficiency with maneuvers that evokes the clinical manifestations. Methods: A descriptive and cross sectional study was carried out in 100 random selected patients between all of cases studied in Hemodinamic Deparment of Hospital Hermanos Ameijeiras (May 2008 to February 2008), with indication of spectral Doppler ultrasound of vertebrobasilar system. The vertebrobasilar system was explored through the transforaminal approach with changes of position of the head for evaluation of related flow velocities. The mean flow velocities of each artery in each position were compared. Results: The main indications of vertebrobasilar system spectral Doppler ultrasound were: dizziness (55 %), sickness (29 %), vertebrobasilar insufficiency (15 %) and cervical arthrosis (16 %). The median age of the patients was 55 years. The mean flow velocities registered in the vertebral arteries and the basilar artery was 30.6 cm/s. It was not significant differences between the blood flow velocities of the vertebral arteries and the basilar artery with the changes of position of the head. Conclusions: The cervical Doppler ultrasound not showed changes in the blood flow velocities that justified the diagnosis of alterations and indication of this exam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organization of the endothelial cells within the central nervous system shows special anatomical features, comprising the ultimate protective barrier for the brain. Since circulatory and nervous systems interact, a malfunction on the close relation between blood dynamic and neural activity could lead to cerebral- vascular diseases and potentially, certain neuro-degenerative diseases. Nowadays, the interest to detect changes in blood flow and visualize active areas within the brain has evolved into anatomical and functional research lines of the circulatory system. Changes in the cerebral vasculature (loss of vessels, angiogenesis) have been associated with disorders such as brain tumors, Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. Therefore, it is important to direct efforts to describe anatomical structure and function of brain capillaries in order to better understand its relationship with cellular activity, together with the techniques used for monitoring blood supply in the brain regions. In conclusion, knowledge on the endothelial cell functions as the main homeostatic vascular unit, could shed light and assist new interpretations of the exchange mechanisms between blood and brain tissue, improve our understanding of cerebral diseases, and the development of new preventive or therapeutic treatments as anti-angiogenic drugs formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective in this study was to determine the effects of increment in total solids concentration with partially dematerialized whey for the flow determinations in Suero Costeño. The results shown that the increase in total solids concentration affects the rheological properties, like consistency coefficient (K) and an increment of the values of yield stress (σ0), while the flow index (n) values slightly decreased, showing a leverage in shear-thinning behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of coronary-subclavian steal is defined as the reversed blood flow in a coronary artery, through internal mammary artery graft towards medial-distal subclavian artery, which happens due to severe stenosis or total occlusion of the proximal portion of the latter. It is a rare but significant cause of cardiac ischemia after coronary artery bypass surgery and it can cause a syndrome of the same name and with typical manifestations. We have reported the case of a patient with this disease, who underwent percutaneous angioplasty with stent implantation, and we also reviewed the literature on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aortic aneurysms treated with endovascular techniques may develop endoleaks. In addition to anatomic location, these endoleaks should be classified based on the type of blood flow. We describe the types of blood flow into the endoleaks as detected by Doppler ultrasonography: in-and-out flow as a "pseudoaneurysm", channel flow through the aneurysm, and direct flow into the aneurysm. Endoleaks may be intermittent and actually be endoseepage, detected by aneurysmal growth without an apparent inflow. Ultrasound virtual histology is suggested to detect endoseepage. Relative quantity and location of blood/liquid in the aneurysm can be detected by evaluating pixel brightness of the ultrasonographic B-mode image. Such anatomofunctional information allows for quantitative follow-up and emphasizes the risk of an endoleak with direct flow into the aneurysm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Varicocele is the leading cause of surgically correctible male infertility. The hypothesis of diminishing blood flow and alteration in microvasculature of the testicle due to increase of venous pressure would be reflected, theoretically, in an increase of resistance and pulsatility indices in the capsular branches of the testicular artery. Thirty-three patients were studied in our sample: study group 13 patients, control group 20 patients. They all were evaluated with testicular Doppler color echography and with spermatobioscopy as diagnostic method. No statistically significant difference was observed in the resistance and pulsatility indices in capsular branches of the testicular artery in patients with varicocele. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Common carotid artery injuries represent 3% of cervical arterial injuries. Mortality rate reachs 66%, decreasing to 15-20% when temporary intravascular shunts are used. A technique of end-to-side graft-interposition without shunt take-down during the vascular repair was described in Turkey, decreasing the length of flow-occlusion when compared to end-to-end interpos0ition technique. Material and methods. Two groups of 10-dogs were studied. Standard end-to-end anastomosis and intravascular temporary shunt was used in the EE technique. An end-to-side anastomosis using a temporary intravascular shunt was used in the ES group, as described by the group of Trakya University. Heart rate (HR) at 5 and 10 minutes after anastomosis ending; proximal and distal to the anastomosis-blood flow velocity, length of clamping, injury/anastomosis- ending interval and other variables were studied. Statistics. T-test, where p < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results. There were not significant difference in the BFV 2-cm proximal to the transection-site; BFV 2-cm proximal and distal to the site of placement of intravascular temporary shunt; BFV 3-cm proximal to the proximal hand-sewn line, immediately and 20-min from the anastomosis-ending; BFV 3-cm distal to the distal handsewn line of the anastomosis immediately and 20 minutes from the anastomosis-ending; HR at 5 and 10 min from the anastomosisending; palpable flow 5-cm distal to the anastomosis and estimated blood loss. There were significant difference in total operative time (EE 83.7 ± 7.7 vs. ES 103.2 ± 6.8 min; [p < 0.0001]); time to perform the anastomosis (EE 20.7 ± 3.1 vs. TL 60.9 ± 9.8 min; [p < 0.0001]); injury/anastomosis-ending interval (EE 51.2 ± 10.1 vs. ES 73.8 ± 8.3 min; [p < 0.0001]) and total clamping and flow-occlusion time (EE 35.6 ± 6.6 vs. ES 19.2 ± 1.9 min; [p < 0.0001]). Conclusions. Supported by hemodynamics parameters, we believe both techniques restore similarly the distal carotid flow. Albeit the length to perform the end-to-side anastomosis is significantly longer when compared to end-to-end anastomosis, this technique decreases the length of flow-occlusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]