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Copyright of Revista de Ciências Agrárias is the property of Sociedade de Ciencias Agrarias de Portugal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciências Agrárias is the property of Sociedade de Ciencias Agrarias de Portugal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agriculture is affected by the appearance of weeds that reduce crop production. These are controlled with agricultural chemicals that unbalance the environment and human health. For this reason, the need arises to extract the bioactive compounds from these, to produce and apply powerful bioherbicides, which inhibit the spread of weeds that disturb the crops. Recently, the use of biological extracts of plants has been reported, where it is shown that they have phytotoxic bioactive properties that alter cell structure. The objective of this bibliographic review was to report the advances in the development of new biological herbicides, from phytotoxic plant extracts applied in vitro. This review describes the compounds with phytotoxic capacity in plants and their phytotoxic biological activity, such as polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, quinones, saponins antagonists, and glycosides, to mention some, through the use of the most common experimental methods that include the extraction, determination, and quantification of the metabolites. In addition, the response variables that were considered to evaluate the effect of these biological active substances are mentioned, which include the percentage of inhibition of germination, growth, and root length in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Weed control in sustainable agriculture requires new bioherbicidal molecules to replace synthetic herbicides that have damaged the environment and generated resistance in weeds. This study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil and to explore its bioherbicidal potential on the germination and radicle growth inhibition. The phytotoxic effects of E. globulus essential oil (1, 10 and 20 μL mL-1) were tested in comparison to those of the synthetic herbicide Glyphosate (1, 10 and 20 μL mL-1) in bioassays of germination and radicle growth of Lactuca sativa and the resistant weeds Avena fatua and Amaranthus hybridus. Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis showed that major monoterpenes comprised 1,8-Cineole (86.94%), α-pinene (7.71%), d-limonene (2.65%), and p-cymene (1.48%). The seed germination and radicle length exhibited different degrees of inhibition in response to the concentration of E. globulus essential oil. At some concentrations, both the Glyphosate herbicide and the E. globulus essential oil demonstrated the same phytotoxicity against the resistant weeds A. fatua and A. hybridus. Essential oil bioactivity Lethal Concentration (LC50) in the majority of cases was lowest for A. hybridus, followed by A. fatua and L. sativa. Based on the results, it can be concluded that E. globulus essential oil possesses phytotoxic potential and could be explored as a bioherbicide for resistant weeds management programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of synthetic herbicides has been shown to have harmful effects on the environment and human health. An alternative to the use of these synthetic compounds is the development of pesticides derived from active principles, found in plants or secondary metabolites from microorganisms, which have phytotoxic properties, but of little or no toxicity in mammals and that can be used in organic agriculture. In this context, the present work analyzed the bioherbicidal capacity of a phenolic extract obtained from olive mill wastewater, which is a liquid residue produced in the olive oil production. The phytotoxic effect was evaluated through germination tests of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum). The effectiveness of the phenolic extract was compared with a commercial herbicide whose active principle is Simazine. The results show that at concentrations of 100 ppm (gallic acid equivalents) approximately 10% of the seeds germinate. Tests at concentrations of 480 and 1050 ppm inhibit all stages of germination. Unlike the tests with the phenolic extract, the commercial herbicide does not stop the radicular emergence in the seeds. However, they appear with deformations and fail to develop normally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]