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Copyright of Pedagogía y Saberes is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The job in medium and high voltages lines for the Enel-Codensa Organization has generated discomfort reports in parts of the body, such as the shoulder and back also has been develop increase in absenteeism due to the development of occupational diseases such as lumbago and illnesses in the shoulder. The muscle evaluation of this case study was applied to a group of workers from the Colombian company, Enel-Codensa, which has an interest in improving the working conditions of its workers including exoskeletons in the development of its work. To achieve this, eight muscles were evaluated in which electromyography (EMG) was used in 20 volunteer participants, consisting of 12 electrical technicians and eight volunteers. The aim of the study was to determine whether a decrease in muscular effort occurred when the workers used the exoskeleton, to compare experienced and inexperienced subjects, and ultimately to analyze whether muscular activity varied with the use of an exoskeleton. As a result, muscular effort was lower in all the muscles when using the exoskeleton. However, the activity remained above 10% of muscular effort on average, which can generate muscular fatigue if such activity is maintained during an 8-hour day. The analysis showed that there is no difference when performing the activity with or without an exoskeleton except for the flexor carpi radialis muscle. Alternatively, when comparing the two groups, experts, and novices, it was found that the muscular activity of the experts was greater by 1%. As the study was performed, it was found that among this group, there was not an equality of measurements in six of the eight muscles. In conclusion, the scaffold erection test demonstrated muscular effort in the forearm and arm for both samples. To reduce this muscular effort, it is recommended to provide tools or redesign the task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Childhood & Philosophy is the property of International Council for Philosophical Inquiry with Children and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The creative use of foucauldian concepts and methodology notions in the field of education and pedagogy studies have established another point of views to approach and analyze the educational and pedagogical practices, opening new perspectives, problems and research scenarios. The purpose of the present state of art is to track and categorize how the foucauldian notions has been operating in research in education and pedagogy in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pedagogía y Saberes is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Health in Colombia is now a fundamental right that has to be provided and protected by the government. We evaluated the strengths and difficulties of the health system with respect to the statutory law enacted in February 2015, using methodologies for analysis of health systems proposed by the WHO and the World Bank. The challenges include the fragmentation and specialization of services, access barriers and incentives that are not aligned with the quality, weak governance, multiple actors with little coordination and information system that does not measure results. The government needs to find a necessary social agreement, a balance between the particular and the collective benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Inge@UAN. Tendencias de la Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Antonio Narino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)