Search

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Teología y Vida is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Teologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From 2006 onwards it has been growing the production of academic and creative text works regarding the violence triggered by both Mexican and American governments, specially over the Felipe Calderon’s rule (2006-2012) and George Bush’s one (2001-2009). Depicted as if trying to end the insecurity, such a bilateral strategy ended up serving, in reality, for paving the way for the extractivism. This work aims to show how several academic, journalistic and literary works have rightly interpreted the latter. To do so the author analyzes Maria Rivera,’s Los Muertos, Dolores Dorantes’s Querida fabrica, Javier Raya’s Disentimientos de la nación and Sara Uribe’s Antígona González. The analysis is made taking into account two theoretical approaches. On the one hand, the works by Giorgio Agamben, Rita Segato, Oswaldo Zavala and Luis Astorga. They all explain the violence, in essence, as a result of a capitalist strategy. The other theoretical proposals are those elaborated by Cristina Rivera Garza, Ana Cento Bull and Hans Lauge Hansen, as well as by Daniel Inclán. Boosted by their work with archives, these theorists look for diverse vias to exit the dreadful results caused by violence. This text is intended to focus the actual causes of such a phenomenon in Mexico, and to utilize an array of proposals to imagine ways for exiting the violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a review of the book "History of Religion in Colombia, 1510-2021" written by José David Cortés Guerrero. The book compiles the work of 25 scholars interested in the history of religion in Colombia and addresses the importance of the Catholic religion in national life, as well as the multiple roles it played in the country. The book examines changes over time from the Alexandrian bulls to the search for tolerance and religious freedom. Additionally, the book includes high-quality illustrations and its format invites an enjoyable reading experience. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Pasajes: Revista de Pensamiento Contemporáneo is the property of Publicacions Universitat de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In bulls, semen quality is decisive in the fertilization process. In addition to routine tests, it´s important to assess the functionality of the plasma membrane and the integrity of the acrosomal membrane. To evaluate the plasmatic membrane, we have the HOS test and for the acrosomal membrane, Coomassie blue staining. The aim of this study was to jointly assess the functionality of the plasma membrane using the HOS test and the integrity of the acrosomal membrane using Coomassie Blue staining. Fifty-two straws (0.25 ml) of commercial frozen bovine semen were analyzed. Smears of semen samples submitted to the HOS test were made and then stained with Coomassie Blue. As control, the conventional HOS technique was used. The results obtained (Wilcoxon test p= 0.3625; Spearman test: 0.81) indicate that there are no significant differences between the techniques. We conclude that the combination of HOS with Coomassie Blue is equivalent to the HOS technique used routinely in our laboratory. The combination of the HOS test with Coomassie Blue allows us to perform a double determination on the same smear and can be carried out in any lowcomplexity laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentine cattle breeding requires the incorporation of analyses that allow us to reduce the number of unfit bulls in the herds. The objective of the study was to detect the presence of pathogen DNA in fresh semen samples using molec-ular techniques (PCR) and to evaluate its relationship with reproductive pa-rameters and sperm DNA fragmentation. Samples from a group of 24 asymp-tomatic bulls from 18 herds of Buenos Aires and La Pampa provinces were ob-tained. The minimum scrotal circumference value was 33 cm. Twenty-one per-cent of the bulls showed low mating capacity. Ureaplasma diversum DNA was detected in 30.4% and DNA fragmentation was found in 16.6% of the sperma-tozoa. Significant differences were only found when comparing prevalences of Ureaplasma diversum DNA detection and seminal volume (X2 = 8.39 p<0.05). No other studied pathogen DNA was detected. Incorporating techniques that allow us to evaluate seminal quality will allow us to reduce economic losses and the entry of risky genetic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the case study of a Bovine Semen Collection and Processing Center called CIALE over a period of 17 years. A total of 579 donor bulls were registered from 2006 to 2022, identified by a code. Semen quality control is carried out through microscopic evaluation and available technology. Production data and parameters of productive efficiency are presented, as well as information on the amount of discarded ejaculates and the variation in volume and concentration of ejaculate depending on the day of the week of collection. It is also mentioned that excess fat in bulls affects their production of quality semen, and data on semen production discriminated by breed in different collection centers are presented. [Extracted from the article]

Objective. To determine histologically the length of the sarcomeres (LS) in muscle samples from commercial cuts in Romosinuano by Brahman bovine bulls. Materials and methods. Eighteen (18) muscle cuts with four repetitions of ten bulls (approx. 24m of age and 525±28.9 kg) were analyzed for the measurement of the bands that make up the LS, by staining with hematoxylin - eosin. The number of “A bands” present at 20 µm in each of the slices were counted. Results. The general average of LS for the 18 cuts was 2.12 µm. The longest LS were observed in the iliopsoas (3.32 µm) and tensor fasciae latae (3.26 µm) muscles (both p>0.05), which were significantly longer (p<0.05) than those obtained for the biceps femoris (1.69 µm) and gluteus medius (1.71 µm) muscles, which were considered to have lower SL (both p>0.05). Conclusions. Differences in LS were found between several muscles that correspond to commercial cuts from Colombia. The differences are related to the type, location and arrangement of the muscle in the carcass during cooling. The iliopsoas muscle (sirloin or fillet), cataloged in the market as a fine cut due to its tenderness, was the one with the highest SL. This is preliminary work for a Colombian Creole cross; therefore, it is necessary to continue deepening studies that allow elucidating to what extent there is an effect of the breed and of the industrial processes (thermal treatment and disposal of the carcasses in cold chambers) on the LS; but also, about the cause/effect relationship between LS and meat tenderness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis (CGB) is a contagious infectious disease that affects cattle. The disease is considered obligatory reporting and it is included in list B of terrestrial animal diseases according to the World Organization for Animal Health (WHO). In ruminants, Cff has been shown to affect the enteric system, especially the intestine, and it is one of the main causes of infertility and abortion in cattle, sheep and goats. It has been reported in several countries around the world. In Mexico, the presence of this pathogen has not been studied, so the objective of this research was to detect CFv by the PCR technique, and to perform its genetic characterization in bulls from the central area of Tamaulipas, Mexico. This is the first report of this pathogen by molecular methods in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bovine horns is an anatomical region that has been poorly studied from an anatomical and physiological point of view. The lidia bull is an iconic animal and its horns a mythological symbol of integrity, to such an extent that farmers resort to applying synthetic resins covers to preserve it from any manipulation. With the present work it is intended to study the histological structure of the horn of the lidia bull, analyzing the possible influence of the practice of "sheathing" on it. To this end, horns have been collected from 30 bulls (4-5 years old) in bullrings in, with a control group of 15 animals not sheathed. After the analyses, the normal histological structure of the bull's horns is described and the lesions observed in some animals, such as spongiosis in the stratum spinosum, cellular disorganization of the stratum basalis or the presence of multiple neovessels in the dermis, are described. No effect of sheathing is detected at the histological level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie VII, Historia del Arte is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Penetrating abdominal trauma caused by a bull horn represents less than 3%. They are wounds that must be considered contaminated and the first cause of death from this type of trauma is hypovolemic shock. Case presentation: We present the case of a 60-year-old man with penetrating abdominal trauma from a bull horn injury to the left flank and hypogastrium measuring 18x8 cm in length, with acute traumatic evisceration. he underwent to exploratory laparotomy, where no injuries to solid organs or hollow viscera were evidenced. The patient evolved with no complications. Discussion. Due to their characteristics, bull horn wounds are considered dirty and reach up to 50% infection. Within its initial management, antibiotics and surgical approaches should be included according to each case. Conclusion: Penetrating abdominal trauma caused by a bull horn injury is a rare mechanism, however surgeons must be trained to treat these types of patients surgically and nonoperatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we propose to approach the camarguaise bullfighting through animal work. We will focus on the Biòu d'Or bulls career, which is the main objective of the breed, the Course, a sport based on the competition of speed and agility between humans and bulls in Camargue, in the south of France. We identified a profession of up to 12 years, where knowledge and intelligence grow in the bull's body thanks to the repeated exposure to the razateur. We have found two aesthetics of sport that have their correlation in the breeding labor, both of which are settled between strength and an active submission, which creates conditions of possibility to diminish or increase humanity and animality. The findings are based on data collected through participant observation of ten Courses in Camargue and the analysis of private audiovisual archives, and 15 semi-directed interviews with razeteurs and ranchers during 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On two pages of the Maya hieroglyphic manuscript known as the Madrid Codex are found vestiges of European paper. Visible on one of those fragments are handwritten words in Latin and Spanish. Scholars first proposed that the European paper had been incorporated into the substrate of the Maya codex during manufacture, and that the codex was a post-conquest creation. A re-analysis of the codex has shown, however, that the European paper became adhered to the codex after it was manufactured and painted. Another study has argued that it is a fragment of a Bull of the Santa Cruzada and that its presence helps to identify the approximate year and place when the Maya codex fell into the hands of Spanish friars. This article will show that argument is incorrect and that the European writing found in the Madrid Codex does not clarify the provenience of this important document. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is an editorial note from the Titivillus magazine, which highlights the importance of periodical publications and the magazine's intention to reflect the convergence of different studies on ancient books. Despite the difficulties caused by the suspension of in-person scientific activities, the magazine has managed to maintain its commitment to publishing interdisciplinary works and bringing together researchers from different generations. In this issue, six articles and three notes are included, addressing topics such as incunabula bulls, editorial characteristics of ancient works, and outdoor advertising of bookstores and printing presses in Barcelona. The magazine also thanks the anonymous reviewers and the University of Zaragoza for their support. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Historia Contemporanea is the property of Historia Contemporania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reviews the use of ultrasonography (US) as a complementary tool for the andrological examination of the bull. A noninvasive diagnostic method, which can be repeated without altering the potential of the animal, obtaining an image of the internal architecture of the testicular parenchyma under field conditions. Reviews the information currently available on the correlation of testicular ecotexture with seminal quality in bulls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questions of legal jurisdiction found in the records for 1479 to 1495 of the Secret Seal section of the Royal Chancellery of Aragón, now in the Archivo de la Corona de Aragón at Barcelona, and concerning the case of an imprisoned printer bring to light the printing of an edition of fake bulls in the Principality of Catalonia in 1493 or 1494. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina has records of Ureaplasma diversum in healthy cattle and those with reproductive disorders, but there is not information regarding semen up to date. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Ureaplasma diversum in fresh semen samples obtained from bulls from central region of Argentina. A total of 110 semen samples from asymptomatic bulls of breed and natural service herds were collected. Samples were obtained from two groups of reproductive ages (up to 13 months and more than 13 months). Ureaplasma diversum DNA was detected in 28.2% of the samples. Significant differences were found when comparing prevalence between samples taken from breed vs natural service herds, and between the ages studied. This is the first report of presence of Ureaplasma diversum DNA in fresh semen of bulls in Argentina. It is important to improve the diagnosis system for detecting pathogenic microorganisms in national genetic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: la evaluación andrológica predice el potencial fecundante del macho e identifica anomalías morfológicas y funcionales que afectan la fertilidad. La técnica de triple tinción Spermac® detecta anormalidades en la cabeza, acrosoma, región ecuatorial, pieza intermedia y cola espermática. Hay pocos análisis de morfología espermática (ME) en bovinos y menos en Criollos Colombianos. Objetivo: comparar parámetros andrológicos y la ME valorada con Spermac® en toros Blanco Orejinegro (BON), Gyr y Brahman. Metodología: se colectó el eyaculado de machos BON, Gyr y Brahman (2 - 4 años) (n = 5) por electroeyaculación (Pulsator IV®), y se determinó la circunferencia escrotal (CE), el volumen del eyaculado, la concentración espermática (SDM1, Minitube®), la motilidad masal (1 - 5), el vigor (1 - 5), vitalidad (%), y las características de ME (normal, cabeza suelta, y teratoide, microcefalia, cola doblada y abaxial) (Spermac, FertiPro®) (200 spz/campo). Se realizó estadística descriptiva (promedio ± SEM) y ANOVA de una vía (Prism, GraphPad 8.0®). Resultados: la CE (33,3 ± 1,5, 34,6 ± 1,0, 32,7 ± 1,1) (p = 0,45), el volumen (8,4 ± 1,1, 10,5 ± 0,3 y 7,5 ± 1,0 ml) (p = 0,08), la concentración (974,8 ± 203,7, 591,2 ± 147,1 y 690,4 ± 61,2 x 10 spz/ml) (p = 0,38), la motilidad masal (4,0 ± 0,3, 3,0 ± 0,5 y 3,7 ± 0,1 escala de 1-5) (p = 0,21), el vigor (3,7 ± 0,2, 3,1 ± 0,6 y 3,7 ± 0,1 escala de 1 - 5) (p = 0,3) y la vitalidad (77 ± 2 %, 67 ± 12 % y 74 ± 2,4 %) (p = 0,77) fueron similares para las razas BON, Gyr y Brahman, respectivamente. Igualmente, la valoración morfológica presentó tasas de espermatozoides normales de 80,3 ± 4,4 %, 86,3 ± 5,8 % y 88,7 ± 3,4 % (p = 0,09) para BON, Gyr y Brahman, al igual que tasas de anormalidades mayores (15,9 ± 4,5 %, 11,1 ± 4,8 % y 7,4 ± 2,7 %) (p = 0,05), menores (2,9 ± 1,3 %, 1,9 ± 0,9 % y 2,3 ± 0,8 %) (p = 0,48), y de defectos acrosomales (0,9 ± 0,3 %, 0,7 ± 0,5 % y 1,2 ± 0,6 %) (p = 0,19) similares. Conclusiones: los valores andrológicos y de ME (Spermac®) obtenidos, al ser similares, ubican a la raza BON y a las introducidas en un mismo nivel reproductivo. La ME con tinción triple en bovinos en Colombia permite elucidar sus características reproductivas, incrementando los criterios de selección para reproductores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses theories about bullfighting and the possible relationship between ethics and aesthetics. The question of whether it is possible for art to be unethical is raised, and the relationship between ethics, aesthetics, and politics is examined in the context of bullfights. The ceremony of bullfighting is briefly described, and the different techniques that are part of the fight are mentioned. The importance of the "faena de muleta" as the main task of the matador is highlighted, where the goal is to stop, control, and direct the bull. The text presents different positions in the debate about bullfighting, including political, ethical-moral, and aesthetic-religious arguments. The relationship between ethics and aesthetics is also analyzed, and the possibility that bullfighting may be an unethical art but still be considered beautiful is raised. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Sociología Histórica is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A case study was conducted to characterize indicators of the slaughter, yield and fractionation of bull carcasses from silvopasture, 100% of the area associated with Leucaena leucocephala, and star grass (Cynodon nlemfuencis). 48 bulls were used, in 4 grazing lots or case studies, the same number of animals per lot and 2 animals/ha. Case 1: 5/8 Holstein x 3/8 Zebu, in the rainy season, with 70 g of minerals/animal/day. Case 2: Zebu, in the dry season, with the same amount of the previous mineral supplement. Case 3: Zebu, in the dry season, supplemented with 1.50 kg/animal/day of rumen fermentation activator (11% CP and ME of 8 MJ/kg DM). Case 4: Charolais de Cuba, in the rainy season, with 2 kg/animal/day of a grain-based supplement (12% crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) of 10 MJ/kg of dry matter (DM)). The animals were kept in fast for 24 hours before slaughter, to take the post-roughing live weight. Slaughter indicators; digestive filling; carcasses performance; meat; bones; cover fat and cuts of higher commercial value from the leg region were determined. Regarding the live weight post-roughing, by s case study from 1-4; the empty digestive system predominated among the indicators of slaughter (17.00, 9.51, 9.71 and 8.09%), followed by contents of the digestive system (10.27, 14.13, 12.92 y 9.58%) and the skin (7.71, 10.09, 9.05 and 8.72%). From cases 1-4, the performance of cold carcass was 54.01, 54.48, 52.35 and 56.16%; regarding the cold carcass, the meat production was 65.04, 76.27, 75.15 and 68.75%, body fat of 8.28, 8.60, 9.17 and 7.23%; and in the contribution of the cuts with the highest commercial value of the hindquarters, the inside round (2.27, 2.42, 2.25 and 2.64%) and the leg tip (2.23, 2.44; 2.24 and 2.54%) stood out. With this study it was demonstrated that the digestive system was the most relevant indicator in slaughter; that the carcasses were low in fat, inside round and leg tip was the most representative in the posterior region and the highest yield of 56.16% with Charolais de Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the study was evaluate the effect of toxic fescue (TF) consumption on rectal temperature (RT) and sperm quality (SQ). On day 0, RT and SQ were determined in ten bulls that were grazing on a pasture composed of prairie grass, cocksfoot and white clover. SQ was assessed by measuring microscopic mass motility (MM), percentage of live sperm (%L), morphology (M) and sperm concentration (SC). Simultaneously, the bulls were assigned to the group Fescue (F, n=8), which grazed a pasture containing TF for 77 days, or to the Control group (C; n=2), which consumed the pasture described above. The groups shared the water source. Both evaluations were repeated every 45 days approximately. After the third evaluation, the bulls of group F were moved to the paddock of group C. The last evaluation was performed on day 130. For RT, a group x day interaction was observed (P=0.08). There were no interactions or differences between groups and days for MM, %L, and SC. In terms of M, a day x group interaction was observed for primary abnormalities (P<0.01), and differences between days were observed for secondary abnormalities (P<0.01). In conclusion, the consumption of TF temporarily affects some SQ parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nacameh is the property of Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To compare the carcass yields of three cattle genotypes, Zebu, crossbred Holstein x Zebu and Mambí, reared together in a system of rotational grazing and moderate energy-protein supplementation. Materials and Methods: Thirty 29-month old bulls were used. The animals were randomly distributed, at a rate of 10 per genotype. The research was conducted in a slaughterhouse of Matanzas province, Cuba. After slaughtering, the weight of the hot carcass, between three and five hours, the carcass yield percentage with regards to post-shrink live weight and boneless beef yield (bones and fat) against the final live weight of the cold carcass in percentage, were determined. Results: The hot carcass weight significantly differed (p < 0,05) among the three genotypes (220,5; 210,0 and 188,0 kg for Zebu, Holstein x Zebu and Mambí, respectively). In the carcass yield percentage there were no significant differences, with values between 47,5% and 48,7%. In total beef production there were significant differences (p < 0,05) among the genotypes (128,4 kg for Zebu vs. 119,2 and 111,0 kg for Holstein x Zebu and Mambí, respectively). The boneless beef yield was higher (p < 0,05) for Mambí (60,3%); while for Holstein x Zebu and Zebu it was 57,9 and 59,3%, respectively. The fat and bone percentages of the three genotypes were high. Conclusions: The carcass weight of the three genotypes (Zebu, Holstein x Zebu and Mambí), reared under grazing conditions with moderate supplementation, was directly proportional to the final live weight. However, there were no differences in yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents information about fertility courses in bulls that will take place in Azul, Buenos Aires province. The courses aim to address all aspects related to bull examination and to form a human group for the exchange of experiences. The topics that will be discussed at the 15th International IRAC Symposium, which will take place in Córdoba, Argentina, in August 2024, are also mentioned. The names of several international speakers who will participate in the symposium are mentioned. [Extracted from the article]

The article provides information on the adoption of new dimension to artificial insemination in commercial breeding in Argentina, use of biotechnology and fertile ovulations of cows. Topics include fertilizing capacity of sperm of bulls, attributes of sperm mobility and morphology and conception rate of cows.

Background: The existence of genotype-environment interaction (GEI) implies the occurrence of a change of merit order under different environmental conditions, which may be important from economic and practical standpoints. The aim of this study was to determine the possible existence of GEI in Santa Gertrudis cattle, in Cuba. Methods: The weights of 18-month old males and females were adjusted to 540 days of age (AW). The animals belonged to three cattle raising companies, with 4 529 animals born between 1981 and 2016, from 161 stud bulls. The data were narrowed down, excluding the studs with less than 10 descendants, and same-age group (SA) with less than three animals. Two data sets were made: animals with a high final adjusted weight (HAW), and animals with low adjusted weight (LAW), which were above and under the mean, respectively. A single-character animal model was used, considering SA (herd-year-season) and sex as fixed effects; animal and residue were deemed as a random effect. A two-character model had the same effects, including HAW and LAW as two independent traits. Regarding the stud bulls represented in the two environments, the Pearson and Spearman correlations were estimated among their genetic values. Results: The single-character heredities (h2) were, 0.37 ± 0.09, and 0.14 ± 0.04, and 0.22 ± 0.09, and 0.11 ± 0.04, in the two-character model for PAA and PAB, respectively. The genetic correlation was 0.82, but the Pearson and Spearman correlations were, 0.04 and 0.18, which indicated a variation in stud merit order and GEI. Conclusions: Heredities in the AW were moderate and higher under better conditions, regardless of the model. This methodology demonstrated that under contrasting environments there is evidence of GEI upon changes in stud merit order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to characterize the productive and ethological daily performance of cattle and buffaloes, raised together in the fattening stage, in a silvopastoral system which included Megathyrsus maximus (Jacqs.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs cv. Likoni as basis pasture (85 % of the floristic composition of the pastureland) and the woody plant Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit cvs. Cunningham, Peru and CNIA-250, with a density of 555 trees/ha. The area was divided into eight paddocks, with initial and final stocking rate of 1,24 and 1,78 LAU/ha, respectively. The pasture yield was 4 325,0 kg DM/ha/rotation. Twelve buffaloes and 12 bullocks of 280,5 and 291,0 kg of live weight, respectively. At the beginning of the trial, they were monthly weighed and the mean daily gains and weight increase were estimated. For the ethological behavior, the considered variables were: time and percentage in pasture ingestion, rumination, water intake, among other activities. The buffaloes surpassed cattle in 0,714 kg in the live weight gain. Similar performance was found in the final weight, which was higher (p≤ 0,05) in the buffaloes, which finished with 425,2 kg, more than 30 kg over the bullocks. Statistically significant differences were found in the ethological behavior between species, where the buffaloes made a higher utilization of the established conditions in the system with trees, ruminated more and dedicated less time to grazing. It is concluded that both species dedicated more than 83 % of the day time to pasture consumption and rumination, with preponderance for the ingestion activity, for which the silvopastoral system can contribute to a good performance of both species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This retrospective study show the clinical findings on 61.864 Angus, Brangus, Hereford, and Limousin bulls examined from 1973until 2018. Bulls were from 72 commercial and stud beef herds from the humid pampa area under extensive management and nat-ural service. All bulls were subjected to general physical and genital examination. In addition, the serving capacity test was performedon a total of 31.535 normal bulls. Angus bulls were the most prevalent breed (59.2%). Frequencies of lesions were grouped accord-ing to age, namely: young bulls (18 to 24 months old, n=26.809) and adult bulls (3 to 8 years old; n=35.055). The rejected youngand adult bulls were 1,321 (4.9%) and 3,878 (11.1%), respectively. The most common defects in young bulls were small scrotalcircumference. In adult bulls were teeth wastage, lameness and locomotory problems. Other problems such as preputial and penileinjuries, posthitis, fibropapilloma, testicular degeneration, orchitis, epididymitis and seminal vesiculitis were also present. The servingcapacity test was performed on 12,757 adult and 18,778 young bulls. After that, rejected bulls due to poor performance, locomo-tory and genital injuries were found on 714 adult (5.6%) and 740 young bulls (3.9%) (P<0.05). The serving capacity test com-bined with clinical examination are useful in identifying accurately the most suitable bulls for natural serving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brocar: Cuadernos de Investigación Histórica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the onset of puberty of in calves that were weaned early (45 days of age) vs those (control) which were weaned with the traditional management at 6 months of age. A total of 53 bulls calves were randomly divided to receive one of two methods of weaning (experiment 1: 26 animals Brangus breed and experiment 2: 27 animals Bonsmara breed). Precocious weaning (PW) with Ruter ® (ACA, Argentina) and traditional weaning (TW). All calves were weighed once a month from 45 days of age until 18 months of age. Scrotal circumference (SC) measurements were initiated at 6 months of age when bulls reached 26 cm in SC, semen was extracted by electroejaculation (Pulsator IV®, Denver, USA) to evaluate the onset of puberty. Puberty was defined as the time in which bull calves produced 50 million total spermatozoa with 10% progressive motility (25) and at the same time a seminal morphology analysis was performed. The data were analyzed using the MLGM procedure (InfoStat, UNC). No significant differences were found between SC at puberty, weight at puberty, and weeks at puberty, weight gain and final weight up to 18 months of age in experiment 1 and 2 (P≥0.13). No differences were found in the levels of T4 in the animals of experiment 1 (P=0.11). In the experiment 2 the group of TW animals had a tendency to a greater weight than the PW group at 11 and 12 months of age (P=0.09), however, no differences were found on the age at puberty. In addition, no interactions were found between the variables studied. It is concluded that type of weaning does not affect the onset of puberty and weight gain in beef bulls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To describe this surgical technique (opening of an artificial ventral preputial orifice) for teaser bull preparation, 50 Holstein x Zebu animals were chosen. The study was made at Triángulo 5 and Triangulo 3 cattle companies, and on El Taburete Farm in the province of Camaguey, Cuba. Healing and recovery, surgery time, and costs of medication and surgical material were evaluated. Exploratory examination was made ten months after the procedure to verify the general state of the animal and the success of surgery. This technique has proved its simplicity, cost effectiveness, and celerity, both in execution and animal recovery. The surgically-made ventral preputial orifice is recommended to cut down the production costs of cattle raising. It could also be used in other species of interest like ovine-caprine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A trial was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of Leucaena leucocephala cv. Peru on the rumen microbial population of Zebu crossbred bulls, in the two stages of the fattening cycle. The system, integrated by five strips of grasses associated with L. leucocephala and five without association, consecutively alternated in 25 ha, allowed the fattening of 80 animals, from which eight were used for the microbiological studies. The samplings of rumen liquid were made bimonthly (February-March, April-May, June-July) and four-monthly (August-November). The cellulolytic bacteria reached values between 15,94 and 46,13 106 CFU.mL-1 when the bulls grazed L. leucocephala associated with grasses. The highest population of rumen cellulolytic fungi was found in the rumen of animals in the system with L. leucocephala, in the August-November samplings. The concentration of rumen ammonia had values of 8,76 and 24,09 mmol.L-1 in the system with grasses and the one of L. leucocephala associated with grasses, respectively (p < 0,001). The pH in rumen was significantly higher, the population of total viable bacteria was 2,9 times higher and the protozoans decreased when L. leucocephala participated in the ration. It is concluded that the system with L. leucocephala associated with grasses is advantageous, because it propitiates increases in the populations of total viable bacteria and fiber-degrading microorganisms; this, along with the depressing effect of protozoans, guarantees a favorable ecological environment for rumen cellulolysis, which would contribute in a sustained way to the productive increase of the animal husbandry system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief monographic study that shows the intrinsic relationship that existed between ecclesiastical patronage and justice during the Venezuelan colonial period. The study was based on a qualitative approach, under the analysis of primary bibliographic sources on the subject and texts considered fundamental. The beginning is a historical tour of the patronage as the genesis of the intervention of justice in ecclesiastical affairs. Then follows the analysis of the bulls that authorized the patronage and the subsequent application of justice. Finally, the inquire about the patronage as a strategy taken by the Kings of Spain to justify their total interference in ecclesiastical jurisdiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario de Estudios Americanos is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)