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The olive industry generates waste with negative environmental effects, especially during the extraction of oil and the processing of table olives. The research aimed to assess the emissions and calorific value of briquettes made from olive pruning residues, olive pomace, and olive pits, with the purpose of utilizing this biomass. Four treatments were conducted, varying in the presence or absence of washing the olive pomace. The obtained briquettes exhibited a CO/CO2 ratio of 0.0097 ppm and a calorific value close to 80% of charcoal. Although no significant differences in CO and CO2 emissions were found due to the washing of olive pomace (p-value > 0.05), it is concluded that olive waste holds potential as an alternative energy source. However, further investigation is needed before considering its use as a commercial biofuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is considered an invasive species, due to its high adaptability to a wide type of ecosystems, which affects the natural balance of aquatic systems. Its high development affects the reduction of oxygen, flora and fauna in water sources and its difficult eradication. Therefore, it is necessary to find applications for the use of its biomass, which can be used as an energy resource (bioethanol, biogas, briquettes, etc.), because it has a high concentration of cellulose and hemicellulose and a low lignin content. This review shows the potential use of this plant, indicating the different types of processes that are carried out for its transformation in the production of bioethanol, justifying the selection of this type of raw material, followed by the phases of pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation to which it is subjected, until reaching the final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective here is to determine the influence of the incorporation of recycled rubber in structural concrete and its hypothetical seismic response, developing the investigation under a type of applied investigation, of pure experimental design with a non-probabilistic sample of DBCA method of 84 briquettes that include the standard concrete with a design of 210 kgf/cm2 and concrete with the incorporation of recycled rubber at 2%, 4% and 6%, which were evaluated at 7, 14 and 28 days of age under the technique From direct observation, parameters such as resistance to compression and indirect diametral traction where the results showed that the most optimal incorporation was 4% of both fine and granulated rubber at 28 days in all parameters, surpassing the resistance to compression by 3.76% and 4.14%, as well as the diametral indirect tensile strength by 8.98% and 16.05% with respect to the standard concrete and according to or with the analysis of the hypothetical seismic response with the optimal rubber percentages found, an improvement percentage was determined with the incorporation of 4% rubber, both fine and granulated, in the maximum drifts for the X-X direction 3.44% and 3.87%, as well same for the Y-Y direction of 3.47% and 3.96% respectively compared to the concrete pattern. Thus demonstrating that the use of 4% rubber, both fine and granulated, in concrete is acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine and assess the minimum thermal, environmental, and economic conditions required to use oil palm rachis briquettes as a substitute for firewood in rural pottery communities from northern Cesar, Colombia. The construction of a simple press for briquetting is presented. The physicochemical and biological characteristics of rachis are determined and the energy contents of briquettes and native firewood are compared. The results show that briquettes and native firewood are similar in most of the parameters examined, but for briquettes the mass CO/CO2 ratio is higher than that of native firewood when used under the same conditions of energy expenditure during brick firing. The cost of a 90 gram briquette is $5.5 Colombian pesos (COP). It is concluded that substituting native firewood for rachis briquettes is a viable option to reduce deforestation in the pottery area of northern Cesar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gestión y Ambiente is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Colombia around 460,000 households lack of electricity, 4% of the total population. The department of Córdoba has approximately 1.9 million livestock, which annually translates to 4.2 million tons of manure and presents an emerging market of sawmills. This work assesses the physicochemical and energetic properties of briquettes made with mixtures of acacia sawdust and cattle manure from the department of Córdoba are evaluated, carrying out tests and analytical calculations. First the sawdust-manure mixture percentage is determined, these were established by an experimental simplex lattice design. The process begins with the drying and crushing of the biomass where the final humidity is less than 12% and grain size of 2mm. Then the mixtures are compacted in a semi-automatic briquette machine. After, the tests of compressive strength and mechanical durability are carried out, with these the manageability of the briquettes is determined. Through the proximal-elemental analysis, the calorific value and the sulfur emissions are analytically calculated, and through the boiling water test, the energy efficiency is evaluated. Moreover, it was found the most favorable mixture in terms of the results of the previous tests, giving as outcome the briquette with 60% manure. Finally, the most favorable briquette is subjected to a gasification process in a Downdraft gasifier in three valve positions, half closed, half and fully open, in order to find the properties of the gas produced by the briquette. The result of the gas gives a CV of 1556 kJ/kg and a generation power of 11.8 kW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the objective of this investigation, the energy use of the briquettes as densified solid biofuel, manufactured with sawdust and pine bark, using as a binder a residue of the distillation of the pine resin, from wood residues of the sawmill. For this, three types of briquettes were prepared, with optimal conditions for their best use, such as the mixture of sawdust with pine bark, composed of raw materials in different percentages. With the manufacture of these briquettes, the immediate analysis of the samples was determined, obtaining low values of ash and humidity, which improves their properties as fuel. Density, thermal conductivity and resistance tests were performed, achieving desired results to improve its composition. Establishing that, the briquette that presents the appropriate physicochemical and mechanical properties, is type II briquette, that is, the mixture of sawdust with bark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper densified solid biofuels were produced from the mixture of rice husk, coir, coal and a cassava binder, own department of Cordoba. Initially, it was developed an expanded lattice simplex experimental design to determine the number of runs. Manual densification process was performed; the mixtures were compacted with a pressure of 6000 psi (41,36 MPa) for a hold time of 15 min load. Later tests of mechanical and compressive strength to the briquettes manufactured durability were performed, and analytically calculated the heating value and sulfur emissions each run. It was found that coal is the component that most adversely affects the durability of briquettes, contrary to coconut fiber, which helps to improve the property. All briquettes showed excellent compressive strength, besides no sulfur emissions exceeded 1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The department of Córdoba produces 45,000 tons of waste from corn (corncob) per year, which does not represent any added value to the producer. Also, the residues are burnt in open air, producing atmospheric pollution issues. However, this residual biomass can be used as fuel by densification processes. The objective of this research was to establish the optimal mixture of corncob, coal with a high percentage of sulfur produced in Mina the Guacamaya Puerto Libertador (Córdoba-Colombia) and binder cassava through a statistical analysis of an experimental design of reticular simplex mixtures, in order to obtain briquettes with good compressive strength and durability according to CEN / standards TS: 15210 part two and NTC-2060 respectively. Furthermore, in this investigation the heating value of coal is raised by adding biomass. However, this addition does not significantly increase the percentage of sulfur. The briquettes were obtained with a compressive strength of 223.7 kgf, durability 97.3%, 17.5 calorific value MJ/kg and a percentage of 0.4% sulfur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present word we have a completed studied about the combustion of biomass cylindrical solid briquette in particular to the referent of the combustion kinetic going to the point on the determination of the combustion time in every controlled face to the process, the O2 diffusion through gas film, the volatile diffusion through the ash wall and the chemical reaction, starting from the nucleus model without reacting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present word we have a completed studied about the combustion of biomass cylindrical solid briquette in particular to the referent of the combustion kinetic going to the point on the determination of the combustion time in every controlled face to the process, the O2 diffusion through gas film, the volatile diffusion through the ash wall and the chemical reaction, starting from the nucleus model without reacting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present word we have a completed studied about the combustion of biomass cylindrical solid briquette in particular to the referent of the combustion kinetic going to the point on the determination of the combustion time in every controlled face to the process, the O2 diffusion through gas film, the volatile diffusion through the ash wall and the chemical reaction, starting from the nucleus model without reacting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the objective of determining the energy demand of the densification process it is necessary the determination of the ml coefficient. In this paper is determined the mathematical-physical model of the ml dynamic coefficient, starting from experimental results obtained in a prototype of hydraulic briquette press. The model facilitates the determination of the coefficient from elementary geometric parameters of the machine and for several states of the sugar cane straw. The accuracy of the model is satisfactory regarding its practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the mathematical modeling of the process of biomass densification using piston's briquette press focused on the determination of the energy requirement of such process. The obtained model is a general model likely to be applied it to both, different types of biomass and different briquette's cross-section. The model also allows, during the project stage, estimating the required mean power of the energy source, as well as determine both the optimum cross-section and the dimension of the briquettes, in order to minimize the energy consumption and the cost of the technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research expresses the results of an investigation related to the use of coal of cane straw as an alternative source of energy in social applications, how well it blends well with different types of agglutinants and the compaction of the mixture in form of briquettes for their use as fuel. The method of experimental design was used taking into account the properties of the briquettes to be evaluated, an it was carried out the measurement and the required calculations. As fundamental results, it was possible to evaluate several types of agglutinants, different types of mixture, it was determined the pressure compaction and the appropriate diameter of the briquettes. It was also evaluated the most appropriate composition of the briquettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]