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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly prevalent pathology in today's society. The prevalence of CKD increases progressively with aging, together with other diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and arteriosclerosis. In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, vascular access is required to start hemodialysis as renal replacement therapy. Vascular access for hemodialysis becomes the key point of treatment since without functioning vascular access there is no possibility of performing it. Creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the upper extremity for hemodialysis; connects the arteries and veins of the upper body. It can be a native connection or a polytetrafluoroethylene grafted connection. The native AVF is preferred as the ideal type of vascular access, mainly because of its long duration, longer survival, and low complication rate. AVF can be performed in any upper extremity without complications, but the general advice is to choose the nondominant arm first, to encourage and support the patient's movement in the dominant extremity, and to provide as much comfort as possible during hemodialysis sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]