Search

In order to avoid unwanted effects where the signal of the two-qubit is lost (decoherence), it is considered a two qubits system exposed to a common reservoir at very low temperatures. It is derived as an expression for Mutual Quantum Information. Such a quantity has a classical component and also a quantum component. It is found to be a strictly quantum limit where classical correlations vanish. By invoking the First Law of Thermodynamics, it is shown that the concept of conservation behind the generation (loss) of Mutual Quantum Information will be proportional to the energy conservation of the system at constant temperature. In case of generation (loss) of Quantum Information the system will absorb (transfer) internal energy from (towards) the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is documented the existence of correlations both classical and quantum in systems of particles. Quantum entanglement is the most popular of the quantum correlations. It is emphasized that there exist a quantum correlation beyond entanglement called quantum discord. It is explained the interpretation of quantum discord as a quantum state merging. Non entangled systems can have a non-zero quantum discord. It is emphasized that quantum discord represents the difference in the extraction of the information by local and global means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to determine the best indicators of soil quality in a central area of Córdoba Province. The study was carried out on a Typic Haplustol. Six treatments were evaluated in three sites for each treatment. Organic carbon content (CO), total nitrogen (NT), pH, electrical conductivity (CE), extractable phosphorus (PE), light carbon, humic and fulvic acids, bulk density, mean weight diameter change (CDMP), A-horizon thickness (HzA) and CaCO3 depth were determined. Principal Component Analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between soil parameters, between parameters and treatments and between treatments. The results show that the most adequate soil quality indicators --and the simplest- are those related to soil fertility: organic matter, total nitrogen and extractable phosphorus; and to susceptibility to erosion (CDMP, CaCO3 and A-horizon thickness). The decrease in CO content and its fractions and in macronutrients (NT and PE) and the increase in susceptibility to hydric erosion over the years as a consequence of agricultural practices such as soybean monoculture and traditional sowing have led to a deterioration in soil quality compared to native woodlands where the soil potential is higher. Under semi-arid conditions, direct sowing did not improve the physical properties of the soil or its organic content and fractions under a soybean monoculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tension disc infiltrometers are being widely used for determining in situ saturated and near-saturated soil hydraulic properties. The objective of this paper was to characterize modifications of the hydraulic conductivity (K0) and the porosity because of tillage and environmental factors effects, by means of a disc infiltrometer, on a typic Haplustoll soil of the central region of Córdoba Province, Argentina. One trial site was in a native forest (BN) and two sites with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) monocropping with conventional tillage. The latter were selected because of their spatial position inside of a microbasin and correspond to high (C7) and low (E3) moisture areas. K0 values to -20, -40, and -80 mm of water pressure application were of 22.61, 2.67 y 0.64 mm h-1 in BN, of 10.51, 7.57 y 4.19 mm h-1 in C7 and of 14.55, 9.47 and 4.09 mm h-1 in E3, respectively. In the site E3, the K0 values decreased significantly after a disc plow was passed and after an intense rain that formed a superficial crust. It was observed that the pores larger than 0.75 mm bore 90, 45 y 56% of the total water flow in the BN, C7 and E3 sites, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity and the porosity estimated with a tension disc infiltrometer were sensitive parameters as indicators of soil quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tension disc infiltrometers are being increasingly used for determining in situ saturated and near-saturated soil hydraulic properties. The objective of this paper was to compare two calculation methodologies for different soil hydraulic properties starting from data measured with a disc tension infiltrometer. The experiment was carried out on packed soil in samples extracted from the Ap horizon of a typic Haplustol soil with a silt loam texture. The disc infiltrometer utilized was of the type that applies water at pressures less than or equal to atmospheric pressure. Calculation methodologies used for the different hydraulic properties were: a) the White and Sully method, and b) the Ankeny method. By comparison and analysis of both methods, it was observed that the Ankeny method was less susceptible to originate error in the estimation of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, producing values of 59.4 and 21.89 mm h-1 when water was applied at -2 and -4 cm of pressure, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of fungicides has become a recurring method of modern agriculture. However, its frequent application could inhibit key processes in agroecosystems, particularly in the soil. Captan is a broad-spectrum, organochlorine, non-systemic fungicide widely used in agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate how different dosages of the fungicide captan affect the microbiota of soil subjected to different types of management and with a degradation gradient associated with the soil organic matter (SOM) content. The trial was conducted in a greenhouse and included soils with three types of management: pristine forest soil (L1), 2:1 rotation (soybean-corn) under no-tillage management (L2), and soybean monoculture under conventional tillage management (L3). The treatments were: control (0x), dosage 1.0 mg/kg soil (1x), and dosage 10 mg/kg soil (10x). Sampling was carried out 30 days after the application of captan. Enzymatic activities related to C, N, and P cycles, phospholipid fatty acid profiles (PLFA), and a quantification method for ribosomal RNA gene copy numbers (16S and 18S) were evaluated to assess the impact of captan on the structure and activities of microbial communities. Our results showed increases in enzyme activities and biomass in L1 soils at 1x doses compared to the control, except for gram-negative bacteria that increased at 10x dosages. However, the application of 10x dosages produced losses in activity and microbial biomass in the three types of soil. The lowest values of 16S and 18S rRNA copies were registered in the treatments with fungicide. The 16S bacterial rRNA did not present differences between the treatments in the L3 soils. In conclusion, the L1 soil presented greater sensitivity in its response to captan compared to the L2 and L3 soils under agricultural management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of different rates of poultry biochar on soil chemical and microbiological properties under a land-use intensity gradient. Three sites were selected: a pristine forest soil (SP), an agricultural soil under sustainable management (MS), and an agricultural soil under conventional tillage (LI). The biochar was applied at four different rates: without biochar (control 0%) and biochar at 1%, 3% y 10%. Poultry biochar increased pH, electrical conductivity (CE), total organic C (COT), and C/N ratio. In general, biochar applied at the highest rates increased the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate, suggesting an increase of total microbial activity. However, biochar applied at the highest rates significantly decreased dehydrogenase activity, mainly under MS and LI. Furthermore, an increase of actinobacteria and mycorrhizal fungi were observed in soils treated with the highest rate of biochar. In general, biochar tended to increase Gram-negative bacteria compared to control. Our study also showed an increase of total phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs) in SP and LI, indicating that biochar can increase total microbial biomass. For this reason, the application of biochar could be of greater utility in the remediation of soils with a high level of edaphic degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]