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During the 3D printing process, around 15 % of the material used is wasted due to the supports and bases to generate the prototypes, attributing a problem for the environment and the economy of the users. Currently, do not exist a machine of low cost with can recycle the ABS and PLA filament of 3D printers and, in this way, reduce the operating costs of this type of machine, which is widely used in different industrial sectors for the manufacture of prototypes. Theories of mechanical design, heat transfer, and numerical analysis were used to calculate and analyze the most important elements to design the thermoforming machine made of recycled ABS and PLA material. Taking this into account, the machine will reduce printing costs, benefiting industries that use this type of material, with which they will be able to recycle and manufacture the printing material, reducing delivery times and costs, thus optimizing the production process. Finally, the mechanical and thermal properties of new materials will be increased through the addition of similar ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the influence of the printing position and the infill density on the elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, and toughness are researched in specimens built by fused deposition modeling (FDM). ABS specimens were built in two positions.AT and XZ. in which the angle raster was -45°/45° and 0°/90°, respectively. These specimens were tested to find its mechanical properties, and the studied parameters' influence was demonstrated. The discoveries allowed to identify that the mechanical properties of the final product differ from the ones in the base material (filament). In conclusion, to make parts by FDM. it is important to establish the mechanical properties of the final product, because these can differ substantially from the filament properties. Therefore, depending on the final application of the part, it will be necessary to established fabrication criteria that allow to build parts with more lifespan for a given load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los metalizados a sustratos poliméricos surgen con el propósito de proteger y mejorar propiedades superficiales; donde los métodos de obtención en general son económicos, pero con coste ambiental alto por la materia prima (H2CrO4) que usan y residuos generados, siendo perjudiciales para la salud. Esta investigación propone una solución mediante recubrimientos por PVD-magnetrón sputtering. Se utilizó sustratos de ABS, caracterizándolos fisicoquímicamente mediante DSC y TGA. Posteriormente se depositó Cr/CrN(2.6µm), activando la superficie por bombardeo iónico a diferentes tiempos de activación (tact). Se evaluó las propiedades mecánicas, tribológicas y de adherencia mediante técnicas de nanoindentación, pin-on-disc y scratch, encontrando un aumento de la dureza, carga critica de falla, resistencia al rayado y disminución de desgaste a medida que el tact incrementa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this work was the material and weight reduction of injection ABS parts made by the Mucell® microcellular injection molding process. It was found that the decrease of volume of molten polymer and the increase of the gas charge of the supercritical fluid, the weight reduction percentage of the parts was increased. It was achieved to manufacture parts by Mucell® with a maximum of 30% weight reduction related with injection plastic part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D printing is manufacturing process that consists of the fabrication of prototypes, parts and functional pieces. Several methods can be used, with different materials in different formats. One of the most popular techniques is the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). This method has several advantages with respect to other manufacturing processes, although it also has some problems and difficulties. One of these problems arises when setting the printing parameters. Generally, the printing parameters are selected according to the user's experience, although it is rather difficult to adapt the parameter settings in order to obtain specific mechanical properties of the printed parts. This work, analyzes the influence of infill on the tensile strength in parts printed with ABS, using a Makerbot Replicator 2X 3D printer. Test specimens were printed, modifying the infill, while maintaining the other parameters constant. Afterwards, the test specimens were tested in a traction test obtaining the tensile strength. In addition, the effective impression time was analyzed, in order to obtain a recommended infill ranges of impression time and tensile strength. Results showed that the maximum tensile strength was 34.57 [MPa] considering a 100% infill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of 3C Tecnologia is the property of Area de Innovacion y Desarrollo, SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization is the international legal framework, which applies the third objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The main purpose is to guarantee transparent, agile and equal access. The article includes a summary of the international negotiations which lasted almost 10 years, and an analysis of the main elements of the Protocol. For Latin American and Caribbean countries the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol presents various challenges. This article addresses four of them: two are strictly legal in nature, one of which is general (the development of national regimes) and the other applicable to marine genetic resources; the third relates to unauthorized activities and biopiracy; the fourth focuses on promoting scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)