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In recent years, paleodietary and paleoenvironmental studies have made great progress due to new techniques, such as the analysis of dental wear at micro and macro level and the analysis of stable isotopes of different elements in animal tissues. Recently, the combination of these proxies has substantially improved these types of studies, however, these analyses go hand in hand with biology and the animal behavior, so it is essential to understand the species studied previously. This paper describes the analyses commonly used in recent years in the Columbian mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) and the relationship that the biology of this species has with the correct application of these analyses. Likewise, the samples and measurements taken from these fossil individuals must be taken with care, since the peculiarities in dental ontogenesis, behavior and metabolism are key to the comprehension of the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a synthesis of the archaeological record at Los Viscos site, with an outstanding preservation of organic material, and analyze it in relation to the paleoenvironmental studies developed in El Bolsón valley, a high-altitude valley in Catamarca, Argentina, and the social landscapes inferred for the area. Los Viscos rock shelter has been occupied for the last 1200 years since Formative times. The material recovered there includes evidence of mixed production and resource procurement strategies over a great diversity of resources. Intensification in resource exploitation since the Regional Developments Period suggests novel constraints at the time. This record represents a period in which the palaeoenvironmental evidence suggests changes in the regional morphodynamics that prevented the preservation of other contemporary sites. Thus, Los Viscos provides a better understanding of production and consumption practices in the valley over the last two millennia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Intersecciones en Antropología is the property of Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is focused on the medieval archaeological sites recorded in the Aigüestor tes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park, located in the western Catalan Pyrenees. The archaeological analysis combined with palaeoenvironmental studies are used to discuss the historical role of seasonal livestock farming in the high mountain valleys of the Pyrenees. The goal is showing how this activity, combined with agriculture, structured the territory and modified the landscape. It also presents some hypotheses to contextualise the archaeological record within the historical knowledge of the region. In shor t, it highlights the value of the archaeological study of high mountain areas for research into pastoralism in medieval times and the origins of transhumance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Latin American Dialogues in Archaeozoology: variables to understand human-nature interactions" presents a compilation of texts that emerged from a virtual seminar organized in 2020. This seminar brought together specialists in Archaeozoology from Latin America to present their regional research on archaeofauna from a diachronic, cultural, and ecological perspective. The articles included in this compilation show the taxonomic diversity of the studied archaeofaunal materials, the cultural regions where the research is conducted, and the techniques and methods used to understand the relationships between humans, fauna, and the environment. The article highlights the importance of paleoenvironmental studies in understanding the dynamics of fauna in the past. In conclusion, this field of knowledge promises to provide data to understand the past and present of societies and cultures in the American continent. [Extracted from the article]

Climatic signals preserved in the skeletal growth bands of massive corals offer a long-term perspective that allows understanding sea surface temperature changes at different time scales. In the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, coral species such as Orbicella faveolata present massive growth forms in shallow waters that facilitate dating of their skeleton, allowing to perform paleoenvironmental studies in coastal areas where instrumental records are scarce and cover short time periods. This study aimed to characterize coral geochemical records in the skeleton of a hermatypic coral O. faveolata collected in the Cayo Santa María (Cuba) reef and to reconstruct seawater surface annual temperatures for the last two centuries. Records of 230 years for Li/Ca, Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, U/Ca, Li/Mg, and Sr-U were obtained. The Li/Ca indicator allowed the reconstruction of SST in the study area from 1778 to 2015, indicating an overall increase of 0.77 °C in the last 50 years. In addition, Li/Ca corroborated with high accuracy the characteristic warming and cooling periods reported for the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico since 1778. Orbicella faveolata proved to contain a good multidecadal record of annual temperature and of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability. These results are the first long-term reconstruction of SST in the Cuban coastal zone and provide relevant information to understand global warming in the Caribbean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El articulo discute sobre el analysis del suelo y sedimentos para estudios paleoambientales con el enfoque de la magnitud de los factores ambientales de los ecosistemas y

The knowledge of climatic and environmental changes at the onset of the Holocene and its impact on human populations and cultures is key for the understanding of their both past and future evolution. In this sense, the study through trenching and cores of the Holocene archaeosedimentary record in the surroundings of the Los Cascajos Neolithic archaeological site (Los Arcos, Navarra), provides valuable information not only for the establishment of the environmental evolution of this area, but also for the knowledge of the activities that the inhabitants of the settlement developed in the Odrón riverbanks. In this work the results of the stratigraphic, sedimentological and geochemical study (XRFCS) of the LAC1 core are presented. The obtained data denote a trend towards longterm aridification throughout the Holocene, recorded by an aggradation-incision cycle in the fluvial evolution of the Odrón River. In the fluvial sedimentary record, anthropic activity proxies coetaneous to Los Cascajos settlement are also detected during a relatively more humid period than nowadays, this fact evidences the subsequent aridification of this area of the Ebro valley along the late Holocene (Meghalayan). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a state of the art of the research developed on the archaeological sites called concheros in America in the recent years in order to discuss its use as information files.For that purpose, the evidence obtained from these deposits was taken to analyze and contribute to the study of four issues: 1) Populations of America, 2) Paleoenvironment, 3) Paleoecology. Resolution of current problems, 4) Rituality and 5) consumption activity. The high resolution of these deposits and their wide distribution at a spatial and temporal level allow us to use them as files to solve certain archaeological questions based on the application of different methodological lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is paleoecology and how it can be used in archaeological sites is an important question to understand the environment-human relationship. From the beginning, humans have left their imprint on ancient and modern environments demonstrating the intrinsic relation between our activities and the milieu or, by contrast, how the environmental pressure has molded us over time. Archaeologists and geoarchaeologists have focused on comprehending this relationship by reconstructing past environments to establish how we have interacted with our surroundings. Many tools have been designed to address the many problems found in archaeological sites. Geomorphology, soil sciences, dendrochronology, and especially, paleontology and micropaleontology are some of the most important resources available to us. The application of these sciences to understanding the evolution of an archaeological site and its surroundings is crucial to determine the link between us and the ecosystem, including living forms around us. In this paper, I discuss the role that microscopic forms (microinvertebrates, pollen, diatoms, and other plant remains) play as factors of environmental change in response to either climate change or human impact and its geochronologic record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to identify and analyze the paleoenvironmental and biostratigraphic aspects of the diatoms, in the sediments of the Mesa La Misión outcrop. The Mesa La Misión in Baja California is an outcrop of the Member Los Indios, part of the Rosarito Beach Formation. This formation consists of a volcanoclastic sequence with abundant and diverse vertebrate fauna named “La Misión Local Fauna”. The presence of 15 different diatom species were found in samples taken from four stratigraphic levels of the Mesa La Misión outcrop. Deposition of the Los Indios Member occurred in a marine progradational platform. Benthic diatoms are abundant in the lower part of the sequence and become less abundant at higher stratigraphic levels. Most of the diatom species found indicate temperate waters. However, mixing of water may have been present due to some tropical and cold water specimens that were found. An increase of the deposition depth towards the top of the section was found. This was due to the occurrence of diatoms from different temperature gradients, combined with the reduction of benthic diatoms towards the top of the section. This sea level can be associated with the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum. It may correspond to the global cycle TM 2.2. In addition, the presence of Actynocyclus ingens var. nodus, a biostratigraphical taxon, places the deposition of the sediments during the middle Miocene. More specifically, between 15.6 and 13.0 million years (middle Langhian). This age correlates with the radiometric dating of the underlaying and overlaying basalts dated 16.1 ± 2.1 and 14.3 ± 2.6, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleoenvironment and Aquatic Landscapes in [South] America: Ocean, River and Lake Societies The political and ideological significance of water in the South American Andes is very important in the development of this region. Throughout Andean prehistory, water was a life sustaining resource that every government wanted to control; some with success while other left evidence of their attempts. Successful societies enhanced agriculture and livestock production through water control, integrating water into the worldview of the Andean world. The Inca constructed and politicized his beginnings with his genesis in Lake Titicaca, arguing for his divinity and superiority over other highland populations and, later, peoples of the mountains and coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fire record in southernmost South America has been analyzed in palaeoenvironmental studies without incorporating a deep understanding of the subsistence patterns developped by human groups and their different environments in the past. This paper proposes to bring relevant cultural information to the discussion and also intends linking diverse cultural and environmental information relating to the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]