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An article review is presented on "Las relaciones textuales de las Ordenanzas de los Cabildos Americanos," by Ana M. Barrero García.

To determine the durability of the frozen pork hamburger was the objective of the present work. Two formulations of pork hamburger were chosen, the traditional one (without soy) and another extended one with soy texturized. Immediately after having elaborated, the products were placed in their corresponding containers, then in cardboard boxes with cover and in frozen storage (-18°C) for the test of durability. As rejection approach was taken the sensory evaluation that was carried out for a group of 10 to 15 trained judges. To qualify the sample like acceptable or rejectable they kept in mind the changes in the aspect, color, scent and flavor. The products were analyzed in a periodic way until their deterioration. The results were processed as incomplete data of failure by the method of ploteo of risk, admitting 5 % of deteriorated units. The extended hamburger with soy texturized lasted 162 days while the pork hamburger without soy 185 days, under -18°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to develop two formulations of marinated products from pork meat. First-class pork with 24 h refrigeration was used, steaks were cut between 100 and 120 g of 1 cm of thickness. The strips were cut from the steaks 5 cm long and 1 cm wide and equal thickness. The marinated solution for both steaks and strips was applied by means of a mechanical treatment, in a rotating cylindrical vessel with a free fall of 10 kg at 60 min-1 and three times; the strips: without massage (0 min), 3 and 6 min, the steaks: without massage (0 min), 15 and 30 min. Both were left in rest 4 and 24 h, physico-chemical and sensory evaluations were carried out and the cooking losses were determined. The marinated strips presented higher values of moisture, influenced by the ingredients of the marinade and the shape of each one. The values of sodium chloride reached were within acceptable for this type of meat, lower in the strips than in the steaks, the pH was lower in steaks than in strips. The cooking loses in the strips were lower than steaks. In the strips the lowest cooking loss (26.8%) was obtained for 6 min of massage and 24 h of rest, while in the steaks, the lowest cooking loss was for 30 min of massage and 4 h of rest (29.0%). The two marinated products from pork steaks presented very good general quality, with weight gain in favor of the manufacturer; the assortment of marinated meats is expanded and constitute food ready for cooking and eating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: identify the morphological characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance and analyze the association between them and cardiovascular events. Methodology: an historic cohort study of a Mexican population with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance at Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez (Mexico City) from August 2007 through October 2013. Cardiovascular measurements and postgadolinium delayed enhancement evaluations were conducted. An analysis of survival was conducted to predict: syncope, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, implantation of automatic defibrillator, hospitalization due to heart failure, and death from any cause during a 36-month follow-up period. Results: 124 patients with ages of 40.1 ±21.9 years, 55% men, were included. The population presented a median of 5 hypertrophic segments per patient with maximum thickness of 24.3 ± 6.8 mm. Delayed enhancement was observed in 85% of the patients and 35% presented obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract; the former proved better for predicting event-free survival. There was a direct correlation between the number of segments with delayed enhancement and myocardial mass (p < 0.05), maximum ventricular wall thickness (p < 0.05) and number of hypertrophic segments (p < 0.05), but not with the left ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusion: delayed enhancement indicates a tendency to adverse events, which is not observed with traditional factors such as degree of obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and family history of sudden death. The extent of delayed enhancement is correlated with ventricular thickness and mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: determine the diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion studies with 13N-ammonla PET. Methodology: this study retrospectively reviewed all files from cases evaluated in the Cardiovascular area of the UNAM Medical School PET/ CT Cyclotron Unit from the year 2003 through the year 2013 (1004 cases in all). We identified demographic data, prevalence of risk factors and prior infarction, as well as the results of the studies performed. Of results of perfusion by PET and coronary anatomy by CT, we studied 348 patients and analyzed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Results: of the 1004 patients evaluated, 64% were males (average age 60.2 ± 3.7). The principal cardiovascular risk factors present were: smoking (35.5%), systemic arterial hypertension (34%), dyslipidemia (33.7%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (19.5%), with 16% of patients with history of myocardial infarction. Symptoms included typical angina 25%, atypical angina 15%, dyspnea 10%, syncope 6%, tachycardia 4%, and non-specific symptoms 5%. Of the hybrid studies performed, 73% showed ischemia and/or necrosis by PET and 55.2% showed coronary stenosis by CT. The relationship between the degree of stenosis by CT and ischemia by PET was statistically significant (p = 0.001) and the relationship between the degree of ischemia (moderate or severe) and the presence of significant stenosis was p = 0.001. The sensitivity of PET in detecting significant lesions was 92%, specificity 35%, positive predictive value (PPV) 37% and negative predictive value (NPV) 91%. Conclusion: 13N-ammonia PET has high diagnostic sensitivity for detection of myocardial ischemia correlated with findings of coronary angiotomography. This would be the largest series of studies of myocardial perfusion with PET and angiotomography in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and implementation of two adaptive filters (Wiener filter and LMS [least mean square] filter), in order to remove unwanted signals in a desired or reference signal. These adaptive filters were programmed in the PSoCTM (programmable system on chip) development system; and a virtual generator was developed by the LabView™ computational tool. The data generated were used as inputs to the filter system and formed the basis of the process carried out. Similarly, the article describes the tests and the analysis of each filter type under different noise conditions for a final comparison of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To extend the shelf life of sausage with blood high content, a formulation of product with addition of byproducts was chosen. It was stuffed in collagen cousin and it was cooked with hot air until obtaining 75 °C in the center of the product. Two variants were elaborated: A: in vacuum packaged and B: in vacuum packaged and repasteurized during 10 min to 80 °C. Both variants were stored under temperatures between 2 and 4 °C and relative humidity of 95 ± 2 %. Sensorial, microbiological and physic-chemical evaluations were done periodically. Sensorial evaluation was chosen like answer variable. The obtained results were processed as incomplete data of failure by risk plot method, admitting 5 % of deteriorated units. The blood sausage with by-products shelf life to temperatures between 2 and 4 °C and relative humidity of 95 ± 2 % in vacuum packaged is 57 days, while to repasteurize the bags at 80 °C for 10 min increase to 103 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to characterize the structure of solo and duet-based synchronized swimming routines. This was done using a specific nomothetic multidimensional observational design. The ad hoc observational instrument was validated by 12 specialists. The data was recorded using LINCE software, and observational reliability was determined by calculating the degree of intra-observer and inter-observer agreement. The participants were 18 female swimmers (including six Olympic medallists), and 39 routines were analysed: technical solos (n = 9), free solos (n = 11), technical duets (n = 10) and free duets (n = 9). The swimmers spent 61.6 ± 6.4 % of the competition time with their faces immersed in the water, with maximum apnea of 21.1 ± 4.0 s. The inverted-vertical position was the most widely taken in routines (43.2 ± 5.3 %), with the phase of deep immersion in that position being the most commonly reproduced (35.3 ± 5.0 %). In conclusion: 1) the observational instrument is a valid tool for analysing the structure of routines in synchronized swimming; and 2) there are significant differences in the structure of routines as regards their total duration, episodes of apnea, and the degree of immersion in different body positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the effectiveness and the acceptance of nutritional supplement Bioestimulin in oncohematologics patients, two groups were studied; a first group of the oncology consultation and a second group of the hematology consultation, for a total of 92 patients. 15 g of Bioestimulin three times at days (45 g/d) were given to each patient of both groups. Hemoglobin analysis was carried out to all patients at the beginning of the study and the three months after the supplement administration to establish the comparison with the values of this complementary analysis. Also, seric iron evaluation in patients of hematology consultation was done. The acceptance of product was determinate using an interview in all patients. The treatment with 45 g/d of Bioestimulin supplement increased significantly the hemoglobin to the 90 days in all oncohematologic patients. The seric iron also increased significantly in the patients of the hematology consultation. This product was accepted by all patients. The treatment with the nutritional supplement Bioestimulin is effective for the prevention and control of the anaemia in oncohematologic patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim to evaluate the salt stress tolerance of 12 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) varieties by using some variables relative to nodule formation, aerial dry mass and its nitrogen content, two simultaneous experiences in saline and not saline soils were carried out. A completely randomize block design with three repetitions was used in both experiences. The aerial and roots dry mass, number of nodules per plants, number of effective nodules, nodules dry mass and nitrogen content in aerial mass were evaluated at 40 days after sowing. Using the measured results the tolerance index to salinity in all varieties was calculated, which were classified using a Cluster analysis of Complete Linkage, based on Euclidian distance. The results evidenced the affectation of all varieties sowed on saline soil when the nodules number, its dry mass, as well as the aerial dry mass and its nitrogen content were evaluated, but the main differences among genotypes, and the tendency to saline tolerance were found by using the cluster analysis, through which varieties were classified in two different groups. Into the first group, eight genotypes with marked tolerance characteristic to saline stress were located, while the others four varieties were categorized as susceptible, being situated into the second group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioestimulin is an antianaemic liquid supplement elaborated with bovine blood using combined methods of preservation. It shelf-life in ambient temperature is a year, but the heat treatment inclusion will be a more microbiological stability. In this work the effect of heat treatment on Bioestimulin quality was determinated. Blood was carried out of water bath, the rest of ingredients were mixed and the product was pasteurized until 70 °C. Phisic-chemicals evaluations, minerals content, microbiological and sensorial analysis were determinated. To know the heat treatment on this parameters a t-student test to pared samples (p ≤ 0,05) was done. Desiccation was unique change observed in the product while the stability indices of Bioestimulin were into de ranges of this antianaemic supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a preliminary model for optoelectronic-encoder that use the property of orbital angular momentum of light to data transfer. The implementation of this technology provides some advantages in quantum cryptography, increasing bandwidth even storing arrangements. This architecture is showed in blocks diagram and a brief mathematical theory to explain the encoder is presented, it uses the wave's paraxial approximation when propagates out of resonant cavities like Hermite-Gauss or Laguerre-Gauss. Three possible techniques allow the generation of the physical quantity of interest, topological charge of the beam, and the subsequent insertion of the data to transmit, selecting the most versatile and showing the main characteristics of both, the incident beam and the beam emerging from the encoder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UEMCOM Radio provides support to study plans of many faculties, and it is a reference point for the whole of our University, whose course plans, focus on the labour market and academic staff use UEMCOM Radio as a work platform suited for the educational, social and business demands of the XXI century within the European Higher Education Area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effectiveness of the antianaemia liquid supplement Bioestimulín of controlling the anaemia for iron deficiency was evaluated. Two groups of 30 pregnant each one control were studied, the first one was the test group and another was the control. Each pregnant of the test group received one spoonful of Bioestimulin daily, two times a day, in the schedule that the Prenatal pills should be given. The group control received the prenatal pills in the suitable dosages for the pregnancy and according to the grade of anaemia that they presented. In the test group, the hemoglobin increased significantly in a month of 95 g/L to 109,9 g/L and in two months until 118 g/L. The product was accepted and tolerated by all pregnant. The results demonstrated that the treatment with Bioestimulin is an effective way to prevent and controlling the anaemia for iron deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present work was to define the durability of the hematinic supplement Bioestimulín stored to ambient temperature (28 to 30 °C) and of refrigeration (4 to 6 °C). For this 4 lots of the hematinic preparation were elaborated and they took 48 flasks of Bioestimulín that were stored to ambient temperature (between 28 and 30 (C) and 48 flasks more than they were conserved to temperatures between 4 and 6 °C. They were carried out analysis microbiológicos of total count of aerobic mesófilos, count of total coliformes, fecal coliformes, count of mushrooms and yeasts. For the evaluation of the durability he/she took as approach of failure the sensorial evaluation and the obtained results were processed as incomplete data of failure by the method of ploteo of risks, admitting 10 % of deteriorated units. The study of conservation of the hematinic preparation Bioestimulin to ambient temperature, allowed to corroborate that it is stable from the point of view microbiológico and that he/she has a durability of 12 months while to refrigeration temperature it is of 21 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven variants of hamburgers were elaborated with different levels of manually deboned meat and mechanically deboned meat of chicken. The maximum level of flour and soy texturized were 16 and 65 %, respectively. Four hamburgers in each experimental run were weighed for evaluate the cooking yields of product before and after of sprouted. Protein, humidity, fat, ash, pH and chloride content of the raw hamburgers were determined. The sensorial quality of the product was evaluated by 13 trained judges, using a scale of 7 points. The hamburgers can be elaborated with CDM and/or MDM of chicken soya protein with high levels of soy protein without affecting their quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to define the piece chicken yields that it is caring in the country. It was used 75 pieces of frozen chickens cared to determine thawings and debone yields of the fresh and cooked chicken pieces. The results were processed statistically. The composition was evaluated (protein, humidity, fat and ash) of fresh meat and skin. It concludes that thawings of the frozen chicken pieces was 5,4 %. Yields in meat, skin, fat and bone of the chicken pieces were 53,5; 14,4; 1,3 and 28,1 % respectively. Meat, skin and fat percentages of the pieces cooked were smaller than fresh pieces. The chemical composition of meat and skin of the thigh and leg are similar to obtained by other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanochemical treatment of the α-Fe2O3 (hematite) powder in air and a dispensing liquid (ethanol), using a planetary ball mill was performed. The influence of the atmosphere and the milling time in α-Fe2O3 transformation was investigated. X ray difraction (XRD) arid Mössbauer measurements showed partial transformation from α-Fe2O3 to γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) for prolonged milling time in air, while only one α-Fe2O3 phase was obtained for the milling using ethanol. Lattice parameters and particles size has been calculated from the XRD patterns for the different times and milling conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows the use of cross flow filtration systems in the technology for obtaining diphtheria toxoid in two of the main stages of the process: cell harvesting (microfiltration) and concentration/diafiltration (ultrafiltration) of the diphtheria toxin supernatant. The results showed the feasibility of using microfiltration instead of centrifugation for obtaining diphtheria toxin with a yield of 97o/o and a processing time of 3O minutes. For ultrafiltration studies we analyzed different types of membranes (polysulphone, cellulose triacetate), porosities (10 KDa, 2O KDa, 3O KDa) and filtration hydrodynamics. The best results with a purity of 1 778 Lf/mgNP and a yield of 94% were obtained with the use of 20 KDa frame plane memorane. Finally a global analysis of recovery and purity in the different technological steps is carried out, which showed that the product obtained with the use of this technology fulfills the WHO requirements for obtaining an improved diphtheria vaccine in a cheap and easily scaleable way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe-doped TiO2 powders were obtained by mechanical alloying. The starting materials were anatase TiO2 and metallic iron (α-Fe). The influence of different milling conditions such as: ball to powder weight ratio (20:1, 40:1); milling time (6, 12, 18 and 24 hours); rotation velocity of supporting disc (250 and 390 rpm) and dopant concentration ( 1, 4 and 8 at%) on the structural and magnetic properties were investigated.. All experiments were performed at atmospheric conditions. The milled powders were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) using Rietveld refinement and room temperature Mössbauer spectrometry. Mössbauer spectra reveal the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ states as well as α-Fe in samples obtained from metallic iron. The Fe3+ contribution could be attributed to Fe incorporated in the TiO2 structure and the Fe2+ can be assigned to surface ferrous ions in the TiO2[3]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: La Obesidad Infantil es un problema de Salud Pública, cuya prevalencia está incrementándose. Para subsanar este problema de Salud física y Psicosocial, se ha elaborado el Plan Integral de Obesidad Infantil (PIOBIN) en los Centros de Atención Primaria de Andalucía, que incluye a niños/as con un percentil mayor o igual a 973 considerado Obesidad según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El programa presenta un marcado absentismo en las intervenciones grupales e individuales. La principal causa es la falta de concienciación de los padres. Objetivos: - Determinar el grado de conocimiento y concienciar a los padres, sobre la Obesidad como problema de salud. - Aumentar la adherencia al PIOBIN. Material y métodos: Elaboración y entrega de Tríptico que incluye: - Cuestionario de sensibilización: Cuestionario de concienciación para padres sobre Obesidad Infantil. - Determinación de índice de Masa Corporal para obtener percentil. - Representación gráfica con iconos somatomórficos. - Información sobre obesidad, problemas derivados, y PIOBIN. - Propuesta de inclusión en PIOBIN. - Registro de asistencia al PIOBIN. Resultado: La población estimada de niños con obesidad en Distrito Bahía de Cádiz-La Janda, es 13.887. Según estos parámetros, la muestra para obtener resultados representativos es de 374 cuestionarios. Conclusiones: El PIOBIN es una herramienta útil para tratar la obesidad infantil, pero no presenta buena adherencia, por falta de concienciación de los padres sobre la obesidad como problema de salud en general y sobre su hijo en particular. La intervención pretende mejorar la implicación de los progenitores, aumentando la asistencia al programa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this investigation is to show the impact in the economic, energy, ecological and sociocultural order that has experienced the sugar agroindustry in the local and territorial development of Encrucijada municipality, in Villa Clara province. The main methods and techniques used have been the surveys, the documentary analysis, the work with experts, agrarian commission's reports of the municipal assembly, the matrix of weaknesses, strengths, threats, opportunities and the scenarios technique for the approach of strategic actions. In this work, a diagnosis study of the municipality is carried out, determining the main strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities with the corresponding strategies and actions for their improvement. Among the main results of the work is the contribution of 41 866,76 Cuban pesos in a sugar harvest for the contribution of sugar production, final honey, urea honey, cane bagasse for animal food, ice and the electric power generation as a contribution to the national net. Finally, the general procedure used is shown to directives and workers of the sector for the implementation and generalization of the work and its necessary level of consciousness of the value and importance of those productions for the improvement of conditions and quality of life of the citizens of this municipality. For the evaluation of this work the technique of consent index is used among experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]